Post-structural critical studies highlighted the importance of studying the texts surrounding the text as an important part in the process of receiving and understanding texts, and although this topic was dealt with by the ancient Arabs and Europeans, interest in it appeared clearly after the appearance of Gerard Genet's book (SEUILS), which separated it Text Thresholds. Or what he called paratexte, and dealt with them with interest as he reads them on books. With the development of semiotic studies, interest in paratexte studies began in a broader way and in various literary and non-literary texts, including journalistic texts. And since specialized magazines are one of the press releases that enjoy their privacy in terms of topics and

As the process of  estimate for model and variable selection significant is a crucial process in the semi-parametric modeling At the beginning of the modeling process often At there are many explanatory variables to Avoid the loss of any explanatory elements may be important as a result , the selection of significant variables become necessary , so the process of variable selection is not intended to simplifying  model complexity explanation , and also predicting. In this research was to use some of the semi-parametric methods (LASSO-MAVE , MAVE and The proposal method (Adaptive LASSO-MAVE) for variable selection and estimate semi-parametric single index model (SSIM) at the same time .

The research aims to determine the mix of production optimization in the case of several conflicting objectives to be achieved at the same time, therefore, discussions dealt with the concept of programming goals and entrances to be resolved and dealt with the general formula for the programming model the goals and finally determine the mix of production optimization using a programming model targets to the default case.

This study came to discuss the subject of industries dependent on petrochemical industries in Iraq (plastic as a model) during the period 2005–2020, and the study concluded that the plastic industries contribute to areas of advancement and progress and opportunities to deal efficiently with the challenges posed by the new variables, the most important of which is the information revolution. communications and trade liberalization, and this is what contributes to the competitiveness of these industries. And because the petrochemical industry in Iraq has an active role in establishing plastic industrial clusters and clusters of micro, small, and medium industries by providing the necessary feedstock for these industries in various fields

Sustainable development is longer that meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs as it seeks to harmonize economic, social, Why research aims to check the availability of a proposed program takes into account the evidence and scrutiny of financial commitment and performance audit in accordance with the dimensions of sustainable development (economic, environmental, social and institutional) to measure the extent of the province on the needs of current and future generations, The problem with research that there is no audit program ensures the audit of financial statements, commitment and performance of health services in order to achieve sustainable development

Purpose: The present study seeks to examine various history stages in which undergone by the concept of scenarios, and development of this concept to integration with the strategic management practices:
Methodology: The current study relied on a literature review and approach in providing total picture of different stages undergone by this concept.
The main results: the scenarios did not reach maturity in their quest for integration with strategic management, and still need a great effort for the maturation of this thought in the framework of strategic management, and through it can contribute in creating important knowledge evolution.
Originality and value: providing a contemporary model linking the roots of this concept and cu

ان ترجمة الافعال التي تصف احداث جارية وقت لحظة التكلم او في حالة استمرارية تفصح عن اختلافًا جذريا بين الإسبانية والعربية بسبب طبيعة الأفعال التي تصف هذه الأحداث، منها تعقيد بعض الصيغ، خاصة باللغة العربية، وعدم التكافؤ النحوي بين اللغتين في الكثير من البنى اللغوية. بهذا المعنى ، نجد أنه في اللغة العربية ، تتم صياغة هذه الظواهر اللغوية عن طريق أفعال تسمى الأفعال الناقصة التي تختلف طبيعتها ووظيفتها داخل الجملة

The current research included palynological study for nine ornamental cultivated species of Asteraceae family. The study included measurement the dimensions of pollen grains and there shape in polar view and equatorial view, sculpturing,colpi length and width, spines length and number of spines rows between colpiand exine thickness, the study showed variations in pollen grains characters forthe studied taxa

The study aims to identify the neurological perfectionism of talented girls with disabilities and do a case study for one of these girls. The sample of the study consisted of (11) female students at the university level, 5 females with disability and (6) normal female-students. The sample also included (19) secondary school female students in Tabuk region, including 10 students with visual disability and (9) normal students. The case study was limited to one case of mentally superior girls (talented) with kinetic disability. The researcher adopted the descriptive methodology (case study), he used neurological perfectionism scale, Salah Mekhemar interview, Stanford interfacial intelligence scale fifth picture, case study form. The re

عرف العرب ، منذ القدم ، الأحجار الكريمة وعنوا بإقتناء أنواعا عديدة منها ، حيث كانت من أهم واردات سكان بلاد وادي الرافدين من السومريين والبابليين ثم الآشوريين ، كما عرفها المصريون القدماء وغيرهم من الشعوب القديمة ، فوجدت في قبورهم ومدافنهم وخزائن كنوزهم، مثل الياقوت الأحمر واللازورد واللؤلؤ . بالإضافة إلى ذلك فقد كان معدني الذهب والفضة من المعادن الوفيرة في هذه البلاد ، ولها الأولوية في صناعة الحلي.