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The Use of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Method in Investigating The Impact of Interest Rate on Foreign Direct Investment in Yemen for the Period 1990-2018
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 Foreign direct investment has seen increasing interest worldwide, especially in developing economies. However, statistics have shown that Yemen received fluctuating FDI inflows during the period under study. Against this background, this research seeks to determine the relationship and impact of interest rates on FDI flows. The study also found other determinants that greatly affected FDI inflows in Yemen for the period 1990-2018. Study data collected from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund databases. It also ensured that the time series were made balanced and interconnected, and then the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag method used in the analysis. The results showed that the interest rates and inflation rate harmed FDI flows and, therefore, could not be used for policymaking purposes. The research also discovered that GDP growth and trade openness are the main determinants of foreign direct investment in Yemen. Trade openness policies should be encouraged, and GDP growth facilitated if the economy is to achieve long-term FDI flows.

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to discover the impact of interest rate on foreign direct investment with a combination of the exchange rate, inflation, gross domestic product, and trade openness.

Design/methodology/approach – The paper implements the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)-Bounds testing approach to analyze maintaining the time series properties in terms of stationarity.

Findings – The results indicate that there is a long-run equilibrium between the Foreign Direct Investment and the explanatory variables. Furthermore, the significant factors influencing, positively, FDI in Yemen are Growth domestic product, Exchange rate, and Trade openness. In contrast, both the Interest rate and Inflation rate have a substantial negative impact on Foreign Direct Investment.

Practical implications – Policymakers in Yemen advised reconsidering many of the general state policies, including investment policies, financial and administrative governance, and monetary policy that focuses on maintaining an adequate interest rate and reduce the rate of inflation.

Originality/value – As for the case of Yemen, this the first study empirically explores the impact of interest rate and the foreign direct investment using the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag method aiming for more reliable results.

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 09 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Synthesis and Characterization of Schiff Base Derived From Chitosan and Its Complexes With (Co+2, Ni+2 and Cu+2)
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     In this research, new Schiff base is derived from chitosan O-nitrobenzyldehyde and its complexes were synthesized. All compounds were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Visible, TGA, DTA, TG and molar conductivity with melting point. The results showed that Schiff base was coordinated via  nitrogen atom azomethine with the center metal ions Co+2,Ni+2 and Cu+2 behaving monodentate ligand and forming complexes with molecular formula [M(L)Cl2H2O] The tetrahedral geometrical was suggested for all prepared complexes based on the characterization data for all techniques.   +2,Cu+2, Ni+2M = Co   

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Biosciences
Detection of Escherichia coli O157 H7 isolated from infected dogs with urinary tract infections using real time - polymerase chain reaction
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 02 2016
Journal Name
Bioremediation Journal
Kinetic, thermodynamic, and equilibrium biosorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II) using dead mushroom biomass under batch experiment
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In this study, a low-cost biosorbent, dead mushroom biomass (DMB) granules, was used for investigating the optimum conditions of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II) biosorption from aqueous solutions. Various physicochemical parameters, such as initial metal ion concentration, equilibrium time, pH value, agitation speed, particles diameter, and adsorbent dosage, were studied. Five mathematical models describing the biosorption equilibrium and isotherm constants were tested to find the maximum uptake capacities: Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Sips, and Khan models. The best fit to the Pb(II) and Ni(II) biosorption results was obtained by Langmuir model with maximum uptake capacities of 44.67 and 29.17 mg/g for these two ions, respectively, w

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Structural, surface morphology and optical properties of annealing treated Copper Phthalocyanine doped Fullerene (CuPc: C<sub>60</sub>) thin films
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Abstract<p>The doping process with materials related to carbon has become a newly emerged approach for achieving an improvement in different physical properties for the obtained doped films. Thin films of CuPc: C<sub>60</sub> with doping ratio of (100:1) were spin-coated onto pre-cleaned glass substrates at room temperature. The prepared films were annealed at different temperatures of (373, 423 and 473) K. The structural studies, using a specific diffractometry of annealed and as deposited samples showed a polymorphism structure and dominated by CuPc with preferential orientation of the plane (100) of (2θ = 7) except at temperature of 423K which indicated a small peak around (2θ = 3</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 16 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Chemistry
Spectroscopic and Biological activity studies of azo ligand type (N,O)and its complexes with CrIII, MnII and FeII ions
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Azo derivative ligand[H3L] have been synthesized by the reaction of diazonium salt of p-amino benzoic acid with orcinol in(1:1)mole ratio. The bidente ligand was reacted with the metal ions MnII,FeIIandCrIIIin(2:1)mole ratio via reflux in ethanol using Et3N as a base to give complexes of the general formula: [ M(H2L)2(H2O)x]Cly The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods[ I.R , UV-Vis, A.A and H1 NMR]along with melting point, chloride content and conductivity measurements. The complexes were screend for their in vitro antibacterial activity against one strain of staphylococcus as Gram(+) positive and one strain of pseudomonas as Gram(-) Negative, using the agar diffusion technique.

Publication Date
Mon Jan 18 2016
Journal Name
Open Journal Of Biophysics
Structural and Characteristics of Manganese Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles and Its Antibacterial Effect against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
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The Manganese doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles of the cubic zinc blende structure with the average crystallite size of about 3.56 nm were synthesized using a coprecipitation method using Thioglycolic Acid as an external capping agent for surface modification. The ZnS:Mn2+ nanoparticles of diameter 3.56 nm were manufactured through using inexpensive precursors in an efficient and eco-friendly way. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are used to examine the structure, morphology and chemical composition of the nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of (ZnS:Mn2+) nanocrystals was investigated by measuring the diameter of inhibition zone using well diffusion mechanism

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Public Health
Green and Efficient Composition and Diagnosis of Pentdentate Schiff Base Donative Metal Complexes: Antimicrobial, Antifungal, Antioxidant Screening and DNA Binding
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Background: Enforcement of sustainable and green chemistry protocols has seen colossal surge in recent times, the development of an effective, eco-friendly, simple and novel methodologies towards the synthesis of valuable synthetic scaffolds and drug intermediates. Recent advances in technology have now a more efficient means of heating reactions that made microwave energy. Efforts to synthesize novel heterocyclic molecules of biological importance are in continuation. Microwave irradiation is well known to promote the synthesis of a variety of organic and inorganic compounds. The aim of current study was to conceivea mild base mediated preparation of novel Schiff base of 2-Acetylpheno with trimethoprim drug (H2TPBD) and its complexes w

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Matter Density Distributions, Root-mean Square Radii and Elastic Electron Scattering Form Factors of Some Exotic Nuclei (17B, 11Li, 8He)
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The two-neutron halo-nuclei (17B, 11Li, 8He) was investigated using a two-body nucleon density distribution (2BNDD) with two frequency shell model (TFSM). The structure of valence two-neutron of 17B  nucleus in a pure (1d5/2) state and in a pure (1p1/2) state for  11L and 8He nuclei. For our tested nucleus, an efficient (2BNDD's) operator for point nucleon system folded with two-body correlation operator's functions was used to investigate nuclear matter density distributions, root-mean square (rms) radii, and elastic electron scattering form factors. In the nucleon-nucleon forces the correlation took account of

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 01 2024
Journal Name
Heliyon
Strength and Deformation of Encased Concrete Columns by I- Section Steel and I- Section GFRP Subjected to Different Load Conditions
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Membranes
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Lead Pb2+ and Cd2+ Retention from a Single Salt Using a Hollow Fiber PES Membrane
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The present work reports the performance of three types of polyethersulfone (PES) membrane in the removal of highly polluting and toxic lead Pb2+ and cadmium Cd2+ ions from a single salt. This study investigated the effect of operating variables, including pH, types of PES membrane, and feed concentration, on the separation process. The transport parameters and mass transfer coefficient (k) of the membranes were estimated using the combined film theory-solution-diffusion (CFSD), combined film theory-Spiegler-Kedem (CFSK), and combined film theory-finely-porous (CFFP) membrane transport models. Various parameters were used to estimate the enrichment factors, concentration polarization modulus, and Péclet number. The pH values signif

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