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Assessing the Iraqi general budget in light of corruption and fluctuations in oil prices, and their repercussions on unemployment rates after 2003
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The researcher highlighted the general budget in Iraq for the period (2003-2018) facing the challenges of administrative and financial corruption, in addition to the fluctuations in oil prices, the repercussions and many problems suffered and will suffer the Iraqi government in the process of preparing the general budget of the state and weak contribution of the agricultural and industrial sectors and other economic sectors and neglect altogether, oil has become the main supplier in funding Iraq's budget after 2003, and the impact on the unemployment rates in Iraq, which recorded fluctuating rates and then increased during the period (2012-2018) to achieve this, an inductive method was adopted, using theoretical and descriptive analysis.

The decline in oil prices globally has a negative impact on the economy of Iraq after falling to the lowest levels to record the price of a barrel low levels, causing a crisis in the sources of funding for the country, forcing Iraq to resort to the policy of austerity between 2014-2018, Has not been officially approved in the country and continued austerity crisis for the year (2019), and its impact on the simple Iraqi citizen and take a series of austerity measures, including the suspension of appointments in the state departments and scholarships and foreign development courses for state employees due to lack of revenues and budget deficit pay the government. The resort to borrowing from the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank and other countries and economic conditions unfair made the economy of Iraq to the domination of foreign countries and the offer of foreign debt in the long term led to the growing economic problems, including the problem of unemployment through the pressure of expenses with the aggravation of manifestations of economic corruption in all forms in all circles the state and not to benefit from the revenues achieved for the financial budgets of previous years. The researcher proposes to prepare a stable financial budget that guarantees the sovereignty of Iraq through the need to combat corruption and activate non-oil sources in financing the public budget, develop and support other economic sectors, reform the tax system and the role of foreign investment in Iraq on economic terms to achieve public benefit.

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Employment of Electronic Communication Technology in Public Relations: Employment of Electronic Communication Technology in Public Relations
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This research aims at studying the websites of Iraqi ministries to determine the extent of the use of electronic communication in the practice of public relations' activities through these sites, which represent a formal means of communication between the ministry and its people.
The research consists of three chapters: chapter one studies the methodological framework of the research; chapter two includes three units: unit one studies technologies of electronic communication including its concept, features and types; unit two studies electronic publications i.e. its concept and features; and unit three deals with designing the electronic websites .it ends with chapter three which is divided into two sections: section one studies the

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Deconstruction Mechanism in Postmodernism Arts and its Role in Teaching the Artistic Tasting for the Learner: نضال ناصر ديوان
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Deconstructionism opened the door wide to multiple readings and restore the reader his authority that he lost in the modernism, thus became more able to decipher the plastic discourse through reconstruction according to what he wants or what the plastic discourse gives him of possibilities beyond consumerism and thus the author has been canceled. The problem of the current research is limited to the following question: does deconstructionism in postmodern arts have a role in teaching the artistic tasting for the learner? The aim of the current research is to reveal the deconstruction work mechanisms in postmodern arts and their role in teaching the artistic tasting for the learner. As for the theoretical framework, the first section focu

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Systematic Reviews In Pharmacy
A Study On The Effects Of Risk Factors On The Pathology And The Development Of Breast Cancer In Iraqi Women
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Breast cancer is one of the most important malignant diseases all over the world. The incidence of breast cancer is increasing around the world and it is still the leading cause of cancer mortality An Approximately 1.3 million new cases were diagnosed worldwide last year. With areas rising increasing, risk factors for breast cancer including obesity, early menarche, alcohol and smoking, environmental contamination and reduced or late birth rates become more prevalent. In Iraq, breast cancer ranks first among types of cancers diagnosed in women. This study was conducted on one hundred twenty women with breast cancer that was evaluated and investigated for the possible role of the risk factors on the development of breast cancer in females. T

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Study the Effect of Using Microwave Radiation and H-Donors on Improving Heavy Oil
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The present research has investigated the effect of microwave energy on improving the flow properties of heavy crude oil. The fragmentation of crude oil molecules was carried out with and without using 1 and 10 wt. % concentration of various types of H-donors like tetralin, cyclohexane, and naphtha.  Microwave power of 320, 385, and 540 W and radiation time 1-9 min, and temperature were studied. The kinematic viscosity and asphaltene content were measured for evaluation the improving of heavy crude oil.

   Results show that viscosity of crude oil decreased with increase H-donor concentration, a maximum percentage of viscosity reduction was10.63 % for tetralin at 6 min radiation time, while 8.67%, and 7.34% for cycl

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 26 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Contemporary Medical Sciences
Psychosexual Consequences that Iraqi Women Suffer after Emergency Hysterectomy
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 26 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Contemporary Medical Sciences
Psychosexual Consequences that Iraqi Women Suffer after Emergency Hysterectomy
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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Physiological and Hormonal Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Thyroid Function and the Impact on Bodyweight in Male Rats
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Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley albino adult male rats were classified into three main groups each of 18 rats treated for a particular duration (1,2, and 4) weeks respectively. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups each of six rats treated as follows; group (1) serve as normal control, group (2, and 3) intra-peritoneal treated with TiO2NPs (50,200) mg/kg respectively, body *weight of all rats was measured before and after the experiment, then rats were dissected at the end of each experiment and the weights of the thyroid was measured. The result showed a highly significant decrease (p<0.01) in thyroid gland weight, a highly significant increase (p<0.01) in body weights and TSH, while a highly significant decrease (p&

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 28 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Engineering &amp; Technology
Crude Oil Effect on the Clayey Soil Mechanical and Physical Properties
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Soil defilement with "raw petroleum" is a standout amongst the most across the board and genuine ecological issues going up against both the industrialized and oil country like Iraq. Along these lines, the impact of "raw petroleum" on soil contamination is one of most critical subjects that review these days. The present examination expects to research "unrefined oil"effectson the mechanical and physical properties of clayey soils. The dirt examples were acquired from Al-Doura area in Baghdad city and arranged by the "Brought together Soil Grouping Framework (USCS)" as silty mud of low pliancy (CL). Research center tests were done on contaminated and unpolluted soil tests with same thickness. The dirtied tests are set up by blending

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 16 2019
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Academic Trends of Paper Press in Comparison with Internet Press A Field Study on Professors o College of Media at University of Baghdad
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This search seeks to know the trends of academics in the field of Press and audio, video and read press about paper press compared with continued development and widespread deployment of web journalism. This research belongs to descriptive studies which depends on sample survey approach adopted by five-meter design measuring trends. It contains 28 items having applied honesty and reliability transaction and the scale form is distributed to the sample studied of about 110 professors and then the researcher collects them and then applying the appropriate statistical program to get the results. This search seeks to know the trends of academics in the field of Press and audio, video and read press about paper press compared with continu

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 18 2019
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Knowledge, attitude and practice of Iraqi mothers towards Vitamin D supplementation to their infants in Baghdad Al -Rusafa 2016
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Background: Routine supplementation of vitamin D to infants is justifiable since vitamin D deficiency, and its consequences are highly prevalent not only in developing countries but worldwide. Maintaining a normal level of vitamin D is crucial in order to have a normal skeletal, as well as, extra-skeletal health. Knowledge of mothers regarding importance of vitamin D supplementation affect the health of their babies in a positive manner if accompanied by appropriate practice.

Objective: To determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of Iraqi mothers of under or equal 12 months old infants in Baghdad, AL-Rusafa, regarding vitamin D supplementation for their infants.

Typ

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