The assessment of data quality from different sources can be considered as a key challenge in supporting effective geospatial data integration and promoting collaboration in mapping projects. This paper presents a methodology for assessing positional and shape quality for authoritative large-scale data, such as Ordnance Survey (OS) UK data and General Directorate for Survey (GDS) Iraq data, and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), such as OpenStreetMap (OSM) data, with the intention of assessing possible integration. It is based on the measurement of discrepancies among the datasets, addressing positional accuracy and shape fidelity, using standard procedures and also directional statistics. Line feature comparison has been und

This research set to indicate the role of the opportunity cost in the overall economic development (human and social development) by selecting the most appropriate alternative for the growth of the country in exchange for sacrificing profit limits to achieve this growth and development of the country, especially in the present circumstances of the country and after studying the reality of the economic case for him, as the problem lies with don't selecting the best alternative that enhances the gross domestic product, which extends to promote overall economic development and revive the industrial and agricultural sectors, productivity is more like Impotent, versus sacrifice alternative consumption may bring more financially lucrative than

objective  the research to diagnosis and interpretation of the nature of the correlation between the  basic elements of knowledge management (tecgnology , structure , culture , process , human resource ) and the strategic performance of the Iraqi private banks, the research community and the level dimensions, and  tested this research in the private banking sector represented by (7), especially in Baghdad city, Iraqi banks, and applied on sample consisting of 100 distributors in several administrative levels Director (Director, Director of the department, branch manager), and use questionnaire Head to collect data and information tool, and some private banks annual reports, has sought research to test a number of h

In this research was to use the method of classic dynamic programming (CDP) and the method of fuzzy dynamic programming (FDP) to controlling the inventory in N periods and only one substance ,in order to minimize the total cost and determining the required quantity in warehouse rusafa principal of the ministry of commerce . A comparison was made between the two techniques، We found that the value of fuzzy total cost is less than that the value of classic total cost

  With occurrence of any financial crises, regardless at global or regional levels such as the great economic crises during 1929 – 1933 and the Asian financial crises at the end of twentieth century as well as the current global financial crises that started during second half 2008, we acknowledge that there are some critics loudly articulated accusing accountants and auditors for disparences, and they are numerical partner of financial manipulation as well as corrupted administrators with the company's administrators that they are difficulty. At this point, many suggestions and recommendation for upgrading the accounting system has been made.              &nbsp

          Purpose  :This study seeks to provide the point of view stands on the marketing performance of the banks in the context of Dynamic Equilibrium  of marketing. It aims to develop a prototype of measuring marketing performance under the umbrella of marketing dynamic prototype, embodied of the strategic alliance and competition, and the  laws and legislation, and to explore any of the dimensions more effective in achieving performance.  This study aims to discusses the importance of the Dynamic Equilibrium  of marketing and it role in achieving the marketing performance <

Forest fires continue to rise during the dry season and they are difficult to stop. In this case, high temperatures in the dry season can cause an increase in drought index that could potentially burn the forest every time. Thus, the government should conduct surveillance throughout the dry season. Continuous surveillance without the focus on a particular time becomes ineffective and inefficient because of preventive measures carried out without the knowledge of potential fire risk. Based on the Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI), formulation of Drought Factor is used just for calculating the drought today based on current weather conditions, and yesterday's drought index. However, to find out the factors of drought a day after, the data

This research deals with the use of a number of statistical methods, such as the kernel method, watershed, histogram and cubic spline, to improve the contrast of digital images. The results obtained according to the RSME and NCC standards have proven that the spline method is the most accurate in the results compared to other statistical methods

This research deals with the use of a number of statistical methods, such as the kernel method, watershed, histogram, and cubic spline, to improve the contrast of digital images. The results obtained according to the RSME and NCC standards have proven that the spline method is the most accurate in the results compared to other statistical methods.