The research aims to achieve proof of convergence between optimal costs and standard costs in calculating costs for the economic unit, support efforts aimed at adopting optimal costs in cost accounts and accounting thought in general, and achieve benefit from the theory of convergence between optimal costs and standard costs in the field of achieving actual costs in The economic unit in order to reduce and converge, and this came to address the possibility of adopting the concept of optimal costs in the production costs calculations for the purposes of rationalizing administrative decisions, and rationalizing the preparation of financial statements within management accounting.

The research concluded that

The study aimed to monitor all the obstacles that stand in the way of the development of women's sports and to develop radical and realistic solutions to advance it and seek its programs to build a strong women's sports community. The descriptive-analytical approach was adopted to monitor the obstacles, by collecting relevant data from the individuals in the research sample using a questionnaire prepared for this purpose that includes (9) axes and (52) phrases distributed to players and practitioners of sports activities in sports forums throughout Iraq except for the Kurdistan region, whose number is (167) girls. The researchers concluded that there are strict social and cultural restrictions, and fears of society's view that prevents girl

System to combat administrative corruption in Iraq

تكمن أهمية ألبحث : تأثير تمرينات تأهيلية مصاحبة لجهاز التحفيز الكهربائي للعضلات العاملة في تخفيف الالآم أسفل الظهر للنساء بعمر (25-35) سنة والتعرف على مدى تأثير تلك التمرينات في تخفيف الألأم أسفل الظهر. وتكمن مشكلة البحث نتيجة للتقدم التكنولوجي حيث أصبحت حركة الفرد تقل شيئا فشيئا مما جعله أكثر عرضة للإصابات مما أدى الى ارتفاع نسبة عدد المصابات بالالآم أسفل الظهر وما لتلك الالام من تأثيراتها السلبية على حيا

The study has tackled three important variables on the strategic and organizational level, that are : (Administrative skill, strategic Entrepreneurship  and organizational flexibility). Through the statistical analysis is, the research hers have sought to identify the relation among them. The study has been applied on a sample of (44) private banks in Iraq. A questionnaire, which has been designed according to a number of international standards, has been used. It's made of (29) items that cover the three variables to test their hypotheses. A number of statistical tools have been used A number of conclusion have been reached and recommendations have also been suggested.

تم معاملة نفط خام البصرة كاملا بالهيدروجين وكذلك المقطر الجوي المشق من نفط خام البصرة الذي مدى غليانه من بداية درجة الغليان الى  623 كلفن والمقر الفراغي المشتق من نفط خام البصرة ايضا والذي مدى غليانه من 623 الى 823 كلفن وكذلك المقطر النفطي الواسع المشتق من نفط خام البصرة ايضا والذي مدى غليانه من بداية درجة الغليان الى 823 كلفن في مفاعل ثلاثي الاطوار باستخدام الكوبلت مولبيدنيوم المحمول على الالومين

اسباب تفرد استخدام خط النسخ في تصميم الحروف الطباعية

في تعزيز بيئة الانتاج الرشيق استخدام اسلوب S -5