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jeasiq-1703
Analysis of the relationship of public budget deficit on external debt in lraq with in the framework of joint integration of the period (1990 – 2016 )
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Abstract

The term public budget defects became nowadays a chronic, economical phenomenon, almost all the countries weather advanced or development country suffered from it, despite the different visions to economic schools of a thought to accept or reject the deficit in public budget but the prevailed opinion that is needed to rule the role of the state by reducing the public spending which led to continuous deficits in public budget and the consequent upon increase in government borrowing, increase taxes on income and wealth, thus weakening the in contrive for private investment which contributed to the increase of in flationary stagnation, it became a duty to state covered by the lack of financial sources local which become difficult to be equal to the continuous increase in public spending, is a funding problem the main problem faced by developing state especially lraq, what forced it to resort to external loans which are often controlled by complex political and economic conditions, hence it has focused on finding the estimation and analysis of relationship between the deficit in public budget and external debt during the period (1990-2016) as a result of the difficult circumstances experienced by Iraq during this period Iraq faced difficult circumstances during his period of time, the budget was crippled as a result to the continuous increase in public spending ,which resulted in an increase in external debt as a source of funding this deficit ,and in the framework of rating this relationship, the researcher has reached that there is a relationship equilibrium between the deficit in public budget and external debt.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2012
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Analysis of the Effects of Aggressive Shot Peening on Fatigue Life of 7075 – T6 Aluminum Alloy
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 For many years controlled shot peening was considered as a surface treatment. It is now clear that the performance of control shot peening in terms of fatigue depends on the balance between its beneficial (compressive residual stress and work hardening) and beneficial effects (surface hardening).

The overall aim of this paper is to study the effects of aggressive shot peening on fatigue life of 7075 – T6 aluminum alloy. The fatigue life reduction factor (LRF) due to the aggressive shot peening was established and empirical relations were proposed to describe the behavior of LRF, roughness and fatigue life. The benefits of shot peering in terms of fatigue life are dependent on the shot peening time (SPT).

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Use digital classification to follow change detection of al Razzazah sebkha For the period(1976-2013)
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The Sebkha is considered the evaporative geomorphological features, where climate plays an active role. It forms part of the surface features in Mesopotamia plain of Iraqi, which is the most fertile lands, and because of complimentary natural and human factors turned most of the arable land to the territory of Sebkha lands. The use satellite image (Raw Data), Landsat 30M Mss for the year 1976 Landsat 7 ETM, and the Landsat 8 for year 2013 (LDCM) for the summer Landsat Data Continuity Mission and perform geometric correction, enhancements, and Subset image And a visual analysis Space visuals based on the analysis of spectral fingerprints earth's This study has shown that the best in the discrimination of Sebkha Remote sensing techniques a

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 04 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Digital public relations and its role in prioritizing the masses: An analytical study of the United Nations website : (A paper extracted from a PhD dissertation)
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This paper aims to identify how the United Nations works through its website in prioritizing audiences towards international issues، by identifying the digital PR mechanisms used in digital PR contents in prioritizing audiences towards the international issues they deal with. To achieve the objectives of this paper, the researcher used the survey method and content analysis tool with a view to identifying the ranking of international issues on the website of health، peace and security، humanitarian assistance، human rights، women، migrants، refugees and displaced persons، economic development، United Nations affairs، culture and education، environment and climate، sustainable development, and law and crime prevention. One of

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Social Manifestation in India in the Islamic period
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The Social life contain an important side from the inherited Civilization to any
nation, is distinguished by activity and zeal. The old Indian is characterized with
closed and solidify socilal systems. This state had its influences on the activities of the
social movment. It astonished the conquered mushins – Arab to the India from the end
of the first centuny A.H we tried to change it by good works and made them become
aware, so this made radical active in the social India in Islamic period which is form
humanbeing nobilitie and their active deal in the society.

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 09 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The role of Iraqi newspapers in instilling political culture among the public after 2003, a field study on the audience of the city of Baghdad
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The role of Iraqi newspapers in instilling political culture among the public after 2003, a field study on the audience of the city of Baghdad, University of Baghdad, College of Information, Department of Journalism, 2019,
The problem of research is to investigate the role of Iraqi newspapers in instilling the political culture of individuals after 2003, and monitor this role Through the contents and messages provided by the Iraqi newspapers to the public. the research is classified within descriptive research, it adopts the survey methodology and used the questionnaire tool. In fact, the questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 400 individuals that was selected according to the method of multi-stage cluster sample of those who re

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 09 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Innovation, Creativity And Change
Estimation of the Effect of the Government Expenditure Growth Rate on the Rate of Inflation in the Iraqi Economy for the Period (1991- 2015)
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Government expenditure represents one of the controlling financial policies in the economic affairs and management of the economic cycle in order to achieve price stability, raise the rate of output growth and decrease the level of unemployment. The price stability represents one of the macroeconomic goals that all countries seek without exception, regardless of the economic philosophy adopted by each country; in addition to this is raising the productive capacity and reaching the actual output to the level of the expected output, that is, the level of output related to the natural unemployment rate or what is sometimes called the Non-inflationary unemployment rate. The restriction of government expenditure (G=T+∆B/iP+∆M/P) is

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 18 2018
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Watching Cultural Programs in Satellites Channels tv and Its relation to the actual reading of the book
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The research is based on an important subject according to the researchers' estimations. It is the disclosure of the nature of the relationship between Watching to cultural programs in satellite channels and the book's vision of the intellectual, and the pursuit of purchasing and acquiring it It is a scientific addition to the scientific research media because it deals in the field of new about the nature of the relationship between satellite programs and writers, and it provides a scientific development on the importance of satellite channels in the promotion of the book and sales of intellectual elite. The study examined the audience of the recipients of literature for cultural programs, the nature of the public, characteristic

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Tribal Power in Contemporary Iraq: A Sociological Analysis
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This is an empirical investigation of the tribal power in Iraq and its consequences on the socio-political system. A theoretical background concerning thestate kinship, tribe and tribal involvement in politics has been displayed with example of tribal power over people within the social context. Socio-anthropological method of data collection has been used, including a semi-structured interview with a sample of 120 correspondents. The outcome revealed that the feeble and corrupted state (government) play a vital role in encouraging the tribe to be dominant. The people of Iraq are clinging to the tribe regardless of whether they believe in it or not. Although they are aware that the tribe is a pre-state organisation and marred shape of ci

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 08 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
THE ROLE OF TAX IDENTIFICATION NUMBER IN TAX FRAUD PREVENTION : APPLIED RESEARCH AT THE GENERAL TAX AUTHORITY IN IRAQ
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This thesis aims to show the effects of the development of the traditional manual system of the tax accounting process to the electronic system by the activation of the tax identification numbers (TINs) mechanism. The impact of this development is facilitating the tax accounting process, tax fraudand thus increasing the tax outcome.To prove the research hypothesis, an electronic system was designed based on income tax report, estimation note of individuals, in additional to using Adobe Dreamweaver application to write PHP, HTML, Javascript, and CSS web languages to implement  the proposed system. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is; not enough the communication methods between the Genera

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of the practice of professional doubt on the quality of the auditor's performance in Iraq: بحث استطلاعي
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              Due to the increasing interest in the quality of auditing by writers, researchers and regulators of the auditing profession. The matter necessitated a statement of the extent to which the auditor practices professional skepticism, because of its significant impact in discovering errors and material misrepresentations contained in the financial statements in order to give the financial community confidence in them and the success of the audit process. The research aims to clarify the concept and importance of the practice of professional skepticism and its effect on the quality of the auditor's performance in Iraq. To achieve the research objectives, the two re

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