In this work, A new strategy for enhancing the efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) by doping foreign ion and co- doping TiO2 / Fe and Cu (38 nm ) was prepared by sol-gel method and successfully used as a photoanode for (DSSC). The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction ( XRD) is used to calculate grain size, before and after Fe, Cu- doping and co- doping. Glass coating process with a thin layer on (Fluorine doped tin oxide) FTO glass by using doctor Blade technique .The optimum thickness utilized for TiO2 paste is (15μm) on a conductive glass. The best experimental results for doping and co- doping TiO2 with additive Copper (II) nitrate Cu (NO3)2 as improved it was VOC=0.6 V, ISC=1.92 mA, Imax=1.8 mA and Vmax=

The purpose of this study is to investigate the capability of bacterial DNA
compared to bacterial lysate in stimulating arthritis using rat model. One hundred
mid-stream urine specimens were collected during November 2012 to January 2013,
from patients suffering from urinary tract infections attending hospitals in Baghdad,
Iraq. Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to antibiotics was examined.
Twenty five isolates were identified as S. aureus and they developed multi drug
resistance. S. aureus S1 lyaste and its DNA were intra-articulary injected in rats. The
levels of IL-6, anti-ds DNA Ab and leukocytes count were measured. In general, IL-
6, anti-ds DNA Ab and leukocytes count were significantly highe

Different thicknesseses of polycrystalline ZnTe films have been deposited on to glass substrates by vacuum evaporation technique under vacuum 2.1x10-5 mbar. The structural characteristics studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the films are polycrystalline and have a cubic (zinc blende ) structure. The calculated microstructure parameters revealed that the crystallite size increases with increasing film thicknesses. The optical measurements on the deposited films were performed in different thicknesseses [ 400 , 450 and 500]nm, to determine the transmission spectrum and the absorption spectra as a function of incident wavelength. The optical absorption coefficient (α) of the films was determined from transmittance spectra in t

In this research an experimental study has done for testing the thermal performance of selective surfaces used in solar collectors for substrate of iron, galvanized iron and aluminum which are commercially available. The coating process for the samples has done in two ways, the electroplating and the chemical spray pyrolysis. The results of the thermal performance test of these samples are comparing with the thermal performance of a sample without paint and other paint with black paint without shines commercially available. For the electroplated samples, the performance study has done for different immersion time in plating bath, the
distance between electrical poles, the current density, and area ratio of the sample plated area to

Background: The role of prophylactic antibiotics remains controversial. It is clear that actively facial fractures are considered as clean contaminated and should be treated with therapeutic antibiotics; however, there is widespread variability in the use, type, timing, and duration of prophylactic antibiotic administrated in practice today. There is an adverse effect of increased antibiotic resistance, as well as costs, it is important to review the current evidence for the role of prophylactic antibiotics in compound facial fractures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role and significance of preoperative, perioperative and postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis for patients when there is already an infective focus, such as co

This paper involved the registration of 1,936 cases of infection of the Leishmania tropica parasite observed at hospitals and health centers in Ramadi, Fallujah, Baghdadi, and Hit during 2017. The results revealed that the highest rates of infection were found in Ramadi and Fallujah. The 1-10 years age group recorded the highest rate at 35.5%. There was no significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) between the sexes. December and January saw the highest rate of infection, where the rate in rural townships was found to be 65.5%, higher than in urban regions which saw a rate of 34.4%. Facial lesions were the most prominent area of infection, recorded at a rate of 41.3%. The study also included an examination of 180 rodents (94 mice and 86 black r

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of vitamin D3 levels on bone density, primary dental implant stability, and successful osseointegration.

Materials and Methods: Clinical and radiological examination with a standardized cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) machine and laboratory investigation for serum levels of vitamin D3 were performed for all patients. Only patients in need of single or multiple straightforward dental implant surgery in either jaw with no history of systemic disease or condition that may interfere with bone healing were included in this study to receive the dental implant by the same oral and maxillofacial surgeon, which re‐opened

Women are considered important characters and subjects of discussion in the Glorious Qur‟an. Some are portrayed in a positive light while others are condemned . Most women in the Glorious Qur‟an are represented as either the mothers or wives of certain leaders and prophets. But the lexical items “Imra‟a” شاحِا and “zawj” طٚص occur in the Glorious Qur‟an with different meanings depending on the context where they occur. Translation of the Glorious Qur'an has always been a problematic and difficult issue. Since the Glorious Qur'an is regarded as miraculous and inimitable (i'jaz al-Qur'an), Muslims argue that the Qur'anic text should not be separated from its true form to another different form keeping the A