Rivers Tigris and Euphrates, as well as the wetlands in southern Iraq and the Diyala River, were all included in the evaluation of earlier studies on the variety and factors impacting fish in Iraqi waters. Different studies documented different types, and the number of species recorded varied between the studies, which could be explained by the registration of some species, synonyms, differs from the registration of some species with synonymous names By mistake, as well as recording new species in times that followed some previous studies, Also, the difference in some factors, including the pollution of some waterways, leads to a difference in the existing species, so we find the presence of species that are tolerant of pollution. There are

This search include the synthesis of some new 1,3-oxazepine derivatives have been prepared, starting from reaction of L-ascorbic acid with dry acetone in presence of dry hydrogen chloride afforded the acetal (I). Treatment of the latter with p-nitrobenzoyl chloride in pyridine yielded the ester (II) which was dissolved in (65%) acetic acid in absolute ethanol yielded the glycol (III). The reaction of the glycol (III) with sodium periodate in distilled water at room temperature produced the aldehyde (IV). The compound (V) [4-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)benzoic acid] was synthesized by reaction p-aminobenzoic acid and phthalic anhydride in presence of (gla. CH3COOH). Reaction of compound (V) with thionyl chloride produced [4-(1,3-dioxoisoindoli

A study of taxonomic quality of soil algae was conducted with some environmental variables in three sites of local gardens (Kadhimiya, Adhamiya and Dora) within the governorate of Baghdad for the period from October 2016 to March 2017. The study identified 28 species belonging to 16 species in which the predominance of blue green algae (18 species) Followed by Bacillarophyta algae (7 species) and three types of Chlorophyta. The study showed an increase in species of Oscillatoria. The results showed no significant differences between sites in temperature, pH and relative humidity, while there were clear differences between sites for salinity and nutrient The study showed a difference of irrigation water quality and use of different fertilize

This study aimed to explore and separate the phytochemicals of the whole plant Conyza canadensis, a naturally growing plant in Iraq, since no phytochemical research was done previously in Iraq. The whole plant of C. canadensis was defatted by maceration in hexane for 24 hours. The defatted plant materials were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus, the aqueous ethanol 85% as a solvent extraction for 9 hours, and fractionated by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for their steroids, alkaloids, and polyphenolic (phenolic acids and flavonoids) contents. One alkaloid was isolated from chloroform fractio

In this paper some chalcones (C1-C8) are prepared based on the reaction of one mole of substituted acetophenone with one mole of substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of (40%) sodium hydroxide as a base. Pyrazolines (P1–P8) are prepared from the reaction of chalcones (C1-C8) with hydrazine hydrate. Isoxazoline (I1-I8) is prepared from the reaction of chalcones (C1-C8) with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride in the presence of (10%) sodium hydroxide as a base. These compounds are characterized by using various physical and spectral methods. The compounds are screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity using gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. Several derivatives of pyrazolines and isoxazolines are produced well to moder