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jeasiq-1630
The effectiveness of the Iraqi banking system in dealing with the effects of fiscal austerity policy
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Abstract:

    Under the state scenario, fiscal policy will not be able to use the oil surpluses optimally and economically and society, as long as these surpluses are not directed by public expenditure towards new productive investments and by following the path of fiscal policy after one year 2003 and until 2013 we note that it is based on the method of spending (excessive) consumption, and did not take any action towards the budget deficit planned at the beginning of the fiscal year, and the actual surplus at the end of the fiscal year, which represents the highest expenditure in the budget, Salaries and wages of workers in various government agencies with the expansion of spending on the security side. 

     However, during the period (2014-2016) the general budget suffered a severe deficit due to the decline in the prices of petroleum products, which led to a decline in oil revenues, which constitute the largest proportion of total public revenues, which led to the depletion of resources, which in turn led to a decline in public revenues, The unintended deficit in the general budget, which in turn imposed on the economic policies to look at different mechanisms to finance that deficit, and fiscal policy is one of the economic policies through which to find mechanisms to finance the fiscal deficit in Iraq.

      As for the monetary policy measures, after the Central Bank obtained its independence, the central government's foreign currency resources separated from the foreign reserves of the Central Bank of Iraq. Accordingly, the Central Bank is no longer the source of the new monetary issue through which the central government funds the budget deficit as in the previous era, The central bank's relationship with the government has defined articles (24 and 25) as a framework for consultation, coordination, exchange of information and attendance at government meetings related to its activities, hence the role of monetary policy in financing the budget deficit through different mechanisms.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
مستويات التقويم والتصانيف التي تضمنتها في اسئلة امتحان مادة التاريخ
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      جاء التقويم  ليكون مكملا للعمليات التعليمية يساعد على الوقوف على نتائجها وسبل النهوض بها والوقوف على المعوقات التي تقف امام مسيرتها وقد عنيت عمليات التقويم باهتمام كبير من قبل القائمين على العمليات التعليمية اذ عقدت العديد من المؤتمرات والندوات واجريت العديد من الدراسات عالميا ومحليا من اجل الوقوف على هذه العملية المهمة الداعمة للتعليم والنهوض بمستويات المتعلمين ، ومن بي

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Publication Date
Wed May 03 2006
Journal Name
كلية اللغات \ جامعة بغداد
التطابق بين أجزاء الجملة في مسرحية الوصيفات لأنطونيو بويرو باييخو.
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التطابق بين أجزاء الجملة في مسرحية الوصيفات لأنطونيو بويرو باييخو.

Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
مجلة كلية التربية للبنات/ مجلة علمية ثقافية تربوية محكمة
الاتجاهات الموضوعية للبحوث المنشورة في مجلة كلية القانون / جامعة بغداد
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 18 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
دلالة الفعل المزيد في الخطبة الشقشقيّة للإمام عليّ (عليه السلام)
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 02 2023
Journal Name
مجلة الترجمة واللسانيات
لحبكة ودورها في الادب القصصي نماذج مختارة من الكتاب المقدس
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يصصقلا بدلاا يف اهتيمهاو اهرود ةكبحلا عوضوم ىلع ءوضلا ثحبلا طلسي لكشب يتاروتلا يصصقلا بدلاا يف ةكبحلاو ماع لكشب اهبيكارتو اهعاونا ثيح نم ضرع نم أدبي يذلا يمرهلا لسلستلاو ةصقلا رصانع مها زارباب ثحبلا متها .صاخ يلاتلابو ةورذلا ةطقن ىلا ً لاوصو ثادحلاا ديقعتو تاعارصلاو ، )ةمدقملا( ثادحلاا نوكت نا اما ةياهنلا كلتو ةصقلا ةياهن ىلا لاوصو تامزلاا كلت لحل طوبهلا أدبي .ةمزلاا لحل لصت ةقلغم ةياهن وا هسفنب ةياهنلا را

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science
BotDetectorFW: an optimized botnet detection framework based on five features-distance measures supported by comparisons of four machine learning classifiers using CICIDS2017 dataset
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<p><span>A Botnet is one of many attacks that can execute malicious tasks and develop continuously. Therefore, current research introduces a comparison framework, called BotDetectorFW, with classification and complexity improvements for the detection of Botnet attack using CICIDS2017 dataset. It is a free online dataset consist of several attacks with high-dimensions features. The process of feature selection is a significant step to obtain the least features by eliminating irrelated features and consequently reduces the detection time. This process implemented inside BotDetectorFW using two steps; data clustering and five distance measure formulas (cosine, dice, driver &amp; kroeber, overlap, and pearson correlation

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Molecular Structure
Mixed-ligand complexes of ampicillin derived Schiff base ligand and Nicotinamide: Synthesis, physico-chemical studies, DFT calculation, antibacterial study and molecular docking analysis
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A novel series of mixed-ligand complexes of the type, [ML1(L2)3]Clx [M= Cr(III), Fe(III), Co(II),Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II), n = 2, 3], was synthesized using Schiff base (HL1) as main ligand, nicotinamide (L2) as secondary ligand, and the corresponding metal ions in 1:3:1 molar ratio. The main ligand, HL1 was prepared by the interaction of ampicillin drug and 4-chlorobenzophenone. The synthesized mixed ligand complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-Vis, FT-IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR and TG/DTG studies. In the mixed-ligand complexes, the Schiff base ligand, HL1 showed coordination to the central metal ion in tridentate manner via azomethine nitrogen, β-lactam ring oxygen and deprotonated carboxylic oxygen atoms, whereas the sec

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2017
Journal Name
Materials Chemistry And Physics
DFT + U and ab initio atomistic thermodynamics approache for mixed transitional metallic oxides: A case study of CoCu 2 O 3 surface terminations
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This study develops a systematic density functional theory alongside on-site Coulomb interaction correction (DFT + U) and ab initio atomistic thermodynamics approachs for ternary (or mixed transitional metal oxides), expressed in three reservoirs. As a case study, among notable multiple metal oxides, synthesized CoCu2O3 exhibits favourable properties towards applications in solar, thermal and catalytic processes. This progressive contribution applies DFT + U and atomistic thermodynamic approaches to examine the structure and relative stability of CoCu2O3 surfaces. Twenty-five surfaces along the [001], [010], [100], [011], [101], [110] and [111] low-Miller-indices, with varying surface-termination configurations were selected in this study.

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 28 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Synthesis, Characterization and Screening their Antibactrial Activity of some New Oxazepine and Diazepine Compounds Containing 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Ring Derived from L-Ascorbic Acid
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The search involve the synthesis of some new 1,3-oxazepine and 1,3-diazepine derivatives were synthesized from Schiff base. The Schiff base (VIII) prepared from reaction of aldehyde (IV) derived from L-ascorbic acid with aromatic amine ([2-(4- nitrophenyl)-5-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole] (VII). Oxazepine compounds (IX-XI) were synthesized from the cyclic condensation of Schiff base (VIII) with (maleic, phthalic and 3-nitrophthalic) anhydride, compounds (IX-XI) that were reacted with p-methoxyaniline to give diazepine derivatives (XII-XIV). The structures of the new synthesized compounds have been confirmed by physical properties and spectroscopy measurements such as FTIR, and some of them by 1 H-NMR, 13 CNMR, Mass, and evaluated

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Materials Science
Investigations on TiO2–NiO@In2O3 nanocomposite thin films (NCTFs) for gas sensing: synthesis, physical characterization, and detection of NO2 and H2S gas sensors
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