وثيقة المدنية الدولة طبيعتها ووظائفها

Continued Ottoman rule in the Arab world until the end of World War I in 1918, and during the four centuries of Ottoman control, care of the Ottomans install and floating their rule, and to prevent the Arabs from the establishment of a political entity separate from the people to facilitate the rule of the Arab world and to ensure the

ملخـــص البحــــث

وهدف البحث إلى (تقويم واقع التربية العملية في كليات التربية الاساسية من وجهة نظر المشرفيين(التدريسيين)ومديري المدارس والطلاب-المعلمين في اقليم كوردستان)

       وحسب علم الباحث ليس هناك بحث أو دراسة ضمن اقليم كوردستان في هذا المجال بهذه الشمولية علماً

ان الجزء الاكبر من السلوك الاجتماعي تنظمه المعايير الاجتماعية التي من المتوقع ان يسلك الافراد وفقا لها ، وهكذا فأن الجماعات التي يوجد انسجام بين افرادها سرعان ما تكون اتجاهات وولاءات مشتركة لعدد اكبر من المواقف فعندما ينظم فرد الى جماعة فأن ادراكاته تتغير لتتوافق مع معايير تلك الجماعة .( توق وعدس ، د.ت، ص336).وتؤدي الاسرة دورا اساسيا في اكساب الفرد اتجاهات ومعايير خلقية معينة ثم تقوم الجماعات الثانوية الم

Taliban has returned to the forefront since regaining control of Afghanistan in mid-August 2021, prompting the international community and researchers to speculate whether it has adopted a different political vision and ideology from its previous rule (1996-2001). The previous rule presented a distorted version of governance that lacked clear political and ideological foundations, characterized by impulsive and chaotic decisions, and the absence of a comprehensive theoretical and intellectual framework for governance.

Once again, Taliban returned to power on August 15, 2021, and took control of the country. This raised many questions about Taliban's return, the extent of its flexibility and adaptability that allowed the movement t

The legal security has become a principle and necessity in the state of law, based on the fact that the legal basis must be based on legal security, Since the Council of State has become the backbone of the legal base as long as we cannot talk about the value of the rule of law only in view of the degree of stability and the extent of the realization of rights and legal conditions and the consequent to achieve the confidence of individuals in the legal system as a whole.

     That means stabilizing the rules governing the affairs of individuals and nations and keeping them away from factors that lead to instability. This ensures the rights of individuals and states as well, since the individual cannot obtain h

The function of internal auditing has become an important function that aims at achieving objectives that are compatible with these developments and changes that have occurred in many countries in the world, which required the emergence of professional associations and institutes in the profession of internal auditing. Improve the guideline of the internal audit units issued by the Federal Audit Bureau to enhance the efficiency of internal audit performance in Iraqi government units. The researchers adopted the statistical method of proving the hypothesis by constructing a questionnaire that included three main axes: supporting the senior management in adopting the current guide, and the second being the importance of improving t

The Islamic religion is a religion of tolerance and is pleased with worship and other legislation and the idea of peace is an authentic and profound idea related to the call for coexistence with all religions. The Prophet (PBUH) was keen to organize his relations with non-Muslims on the basis of cohabitation, On the basis of love and intolerance, God Almighty says: "If your Lord wants to make people one nation and they are still backward." Surah Hud: 118 Islam has taken care of the people and made them tolerant brothers who sympathize with their different beliefs. Which means that everyone has the right to live, believe and believe what he sees right and have the freedom to perform the acts of worship and beliefs he deems correct. The di

           The state's finances consist of a set of rights that have a material value. Since the debtor's failure to pay is conceivable, it is reasonable to assume that the State is in constant need of funds to manage its various activities. The state, but what distinguishes it from others in this case is its ability to fulfill the will of the individual without the need to resort to the judiciary to collect the debt.