The objective of this study is to attempt to provide a quantitative analysis to the causes of unemployment in Iraq and its mechanisms of generation, as well as a review of the most important types of both visible and invisible unemployment, and an attempt to measure the disguised unemployment and analyze the causes. The problem of the research lies in the fact that the Iraqi Economy has been suffered for a long time although its characterized by abundant physical and natural resources, from the existence of the phenomenon of unemployment in the previous two types. Causing a lot of economic problems, represented by the great waste of resources and the lack of utilization of human potential available in the operation and production, as well as the social problems of low level of Income and poverty. Hence the importance of research is an attempt to study and analyze the most important manifestations of this phenomenon by returning to its real causes, using quantitative and relative related indicators. The study concluded that the problem of unemployment in Iraq is result of the interaction of all Structural Imbalances experienced by the economy, especially the Imbalances of production structure and the consequent deficiencies in the sectors which absorb labor, this was due to the Imbalance of the structure of foreign trade represented by the unfavorable tendency towards imports, which led to almost complete cessation of production and the decline of non-oil exports. This has caused an Imbalance in the labor market, that has become in the disproportionate between the supply and demand of labor, all these reasons has contributed to widespread unemployment. The researcher recommends that the best solution to overcome the problem lies by taking many actions, the most important of which is to support and diversify sectoral production growth to ensure optimal utilization of resources, because this will absorb the labor forces, moreover it can be minimize the causes of unemployment by harmonization the outputs of the educational system with needs of labor market, as well as by training cadres and increasing their qualifications in proportion to the nature of the available jobs. As for the disguised unemployment can be reduced by making government employment conditional on its actual urgency, on the other hand, it is possible to develop employee methods of existing government employees and transform them into productive workers, by creating investment opportunities in partnership with the private sector, and review the plans of manage and exploit the government resources in optimally, and fighting financial and administrative corruption.
The purpose of this study is to determine the useful of Schiff bases derivatives containing (oxazepine, tetrazole) rings with biological activity which can be used as drug and antimicrobial, the present work is started from [Binary (2,5(4,'4-diaminophenyl) – 1,3,4 – oxadiazole]. A variety of Schiff bases and heterocyclic (oxazepine, tetrazole) have been synthesis, and confirm that structures by physical properties , FTIR , 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, elemental analysis, [Microbial study against three type of bacteria (staphylococcus aurea and klebsiella pneumonia) and (Canadida albncans) fungi].All analyzation performed in center of consulatation University of Jordan.
The importance of the study stems from the fact that it deals with a very important subject, namely, the pivotal role played by E-banking in achieving the competitive advantage of the banking institutions operating in Algeria. By adopting the banking institution and adopting the elements of the electronic marketing mix and developing it as required by the environment The banking system of developments will inevitably be able to achieve excellence from its competitors as each of these elements have an important role in achieving competitive advantage, we relied in this study on studies and research that directly affect the problem of the study and we have put Estep In order to activate the contribution of e-banking in achieving competitiv
... Show MoreIn this study, gamma-ray spectrometry with an HPGe detector was used to measure the specific activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in soil samples collected from IT1 oil reservoirs in Kirkuk city, northeast Iraq. The “spectral line Gp” gamma analysis software package was used to analyze the spectral data. 226Ra specific activity varies from 9 0.34 Bq.kg-1 to 17 0.47 Bq.kg-1. 232Th specific activity varies from 6.2 0.08 Bq.kg-1 to 18 0.2 Bq.kg-1. 40K specific activity varies from 25 0.19 Bq.kg-1 to 118 0.41 Bq.kg-1. The radiological hazard due to the radiation emitted from natural r
... Show MoreUsing an electrochemical polymerization technique at room temperature, poly nicotine amide (PNA) was produced from the monomer nicotine amide (NA) in aqueous solution. The structure of polymer layer generated on the stainless steel surface (316 L) (working electrode) is investigated by Fourier Transmission Infrared Region (FT-IR). The anti-corrosion activity of polymer coating on the stainless steel (SS 316 L) is investigated by electrochemical polarization in 0.20M solution of HCl at 293-323K. The graphene -modified polymer film-coated SS had greater protection efficiency (PE percent) when compared to Nano ZnO -modified polymer film-coated SS. For the corrosion process of SS 316 L, kinetic and thermo-dynamic parameters of activatio
... Show MoreThis study aims to identify the role of forensic accounting in resolving banking disputes in the Iraqi environment, and to achieve this goal, the fiel
d survey method was used, as it is the most appropriate for studying the phenomenon in question and achieving its objectives. A sample of (50) male and female employees was selected, distributed among five banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange in the Baghdad governorate. The questionnaire tool prepared for this purpose was applied to them, which consisted of two main axes. The first axis included paragraphs of questions related to the importance of forensic accounting. The second axis relates to disputes At the end of the research, we reached a set of conclusions, the most import
... Show MoreDiversity the terms and practice the organizational filed with different concepts and environment, which Iraqi environment part from them. Some organizational in Iraqi environment leave its basic oriented to agreement with the leader desire, their fore this research focus tow basic variable (organizational citizenship behavior & transparence), we supposition which is dependent to explanation the response variable (strategic leadership). The results justification in part and not justification in another part. For example the organizational citizenship behavior effect on some parte of the strategic leadership. The transparence have faraway to fly from the relation with organizational citizenship behavior and strategic leadershi
... Show Moreعلى الرغم من تطور الدراسات التاريخية الخاصة بالمرأة بوصفها حقل معرفي مستقل بدأ منذ نهاية الستينيات من القرن الماضي .ونجاج الكاتبات والباحثات في العديد من بلدان الشرق الاوسط وشمال افريقيا في إعادة المرأة الى التاريخ، الا ان الكتابة التاريخية في العراق مازالت تعاني من نقص كبير في الموضوعات التي تناولت حياة النساء في الماضي. وما يزال الباحثات والباحثين ينظرون الى التاريخ على انه سردية للمعارك والحروب ويو
... Show MoreWheat straw was modified with malonic acid in order to get low cost adsorbent have a good ability to remove copper and ferric ions from aqueous solutions, chemical modification temperature was 120°C and the time was 12 h. Parameters that affect the adsorption experiments were studied and found the optimum pH were 6 and 5 for copper and iron respectively and the time interval was 120 min and the adsorbent mass was 0.1 g. The values for adsorption isotherms parameters were determined according to Langmuir [qmax were 54.64 and 61.7 mg/g while b values were 0.234 and 0.22 mg/l] , Freundlich [Kf were 16.07 and 18.89 mg/g and n were 2.77 and 3.16], Temkin [B were 0.063 and 0.074 j/mol and At were 0.143 and 1.658 l/g] and for Dubinin-Radushkev
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The aim of this research is to determine the most important and main factors that lead to Preeclampsia. It is also about finding suitable solutions to eradicate these factors and avoid them in order to prevent getting Preeclampsia. To achieve this, a case study sample of (40) patients from Medical City - Oncology Teaching Hospital was used to collect data by a questionnaire which contained (17) reasons to be investigated. The statistical package (SPSS) was used to compare the results of the data analysis through two methods (Radial Bases Function Network) and (Factorial Analysis). Important results were obtained, the two methods determined the same factors that could represent the direct reason which causes Preecla
... Show MoreInvestment drives the wheel of the development of different developed and developing countries. Sudan is a model for a developing country facing a lot of difficulties in the field of both local and foreign investment. The present study was focused on the problem of poor diversification and efficiency of both local and foreign investment in Sudan. Also, it clarified the important role of administrative supervision to strengthen the efficiency of investment, taking the experience of the Sudan as a model. The researchers used the well-known descriptive and analytical tools (questionnaire, interview, observation) to complete this study. A well designed questionnaire was used. It included all questions that could cover all aspects of
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