Several toxigenic cyanobacteria produce the cyanotoxin (microcystin). Being a health and environmental hazard, screening of water sources for the presence of microcystin is increasingly becoming a recommended environmental procedure in many countries of the world. This study was conducted to assess the ability of freshwater cyanobacterial species Westiellopsis prolifica to produce microcystins in Iraqi freshwaters via using molecular and immunological tools. The toxigenicity of W. prolifica was compared via laboratory experiments with other dominant bloom-forming cyanobacteria isolated from the Tigris River: Microcystis aeruginosa, Chroococcus turigidus, Nostoc carneum, and Lyngbya sp. signifi

The decoration structure in calligraphy painting is one of the variables that characterized the structure of the calligraphic composition due to the artistic, aesthetic and expressive properties of the letters of the Arabic calligraphy, which are represented by flexibility, compliance and the ability to form. Therefore, the researcher defined his problem by asking the following question: What is the decorative structure in the calligraphic painting? The study aimed to reveal the structure of the ornamentation in the calligraphy painting, while the researcher dealt with in the second chapter three sections, the first (the ornamental concept and meaning) and the second topic (the structural characteristics of the Arabic letter in the calli

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Zubair Formation is one of the richest petroleum systems in Southern Iraq. This formation is composed mainly of sandstones interbedded with shale sequences, with minor streaks of limestone and siltstone. Borehole collapse is one of the most critical challenges that continuously appear in drilling and production operations. Problems associated with borehole collapse, such as tight hole while tripping, stuck pipe and logging tools, hole enlargement, poor log quality, and poor primary cement jobs, are the cause of the majority of the nonproductive time (NPT) in the Zubair reservoir developments. Several studies released models predicting the onset of borehole collapse and the amount of enlargement of the wellbore cross-section. However, assump

Background: Acetabular retroversion has been proposed to contribute to the development of pain and osteoarthritis of the hip. Conventional anteroposterir (AP) pelvic radiographs may represent a reliable, easily available diagnostic modality.

Objective: To obtained a reproducible technique allowing the anterior and posterior acetabular rims to be visible for assessment

Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to March 2017 targeting patients with hip pain in orthopedic clinic of Al-Kindy teaching hospital. The study sample consisted of 100 patients with hip pain who were investigated with Antroposterior pelvic plain x-ray, which was done for all

This research aims to identify the effectiveness of counseling by using the technique of self-talkin developing the habits of mind among middle school students by testing important hypotheses, and choosing the experimental design for the two groups (experimental - control). The classification of "Costa & Kallick" was adopted to measure the habits of the mind, and the scale consisted of (64) items, and after confirming the psychometric properties of the scale, the researcher applied it to the research sample (487) students from middle school students. One of the students who got the lowest marks after answering the scale. purpose of applying the experiment. He divided them into two groups, one of them is experimental (10) students, as

Objective: Assess type 2 diabetic patients’ knowledge regarding preventive measures of diabetic foot. Find out the relationship between of type 2 diabetic patients’ knowledge regarding preventive measures of diabetic foot with certain sociodemographic characteristics

Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out from (2^nd January 2022 to 26^th March 2022).  A non –probability (purposive) sample of (60) adult patients who are diagnosed with type2 diabetes mellitus these patients have met the study criteria which was selected from Imam AL-Hussein Medical-City. The study instrument consist of two section: (Demographic Information Sheet, and Foot Care Outcome Expectation

The objective of the present study is to verify the actual carious lesion depth by laser
fluorescence technique using 650 nm CW diode laser in comparison with the histopathological
investigation. Five permanent molar teeth were extracted from adult individuals for different reasons
(tooth impaction, periodontal diseases, and pulp infections); their ages were ranging from 20-25 years
old. Different carious teeth with varying clinical stages of caries progression were examined. An
experimental laser fluorescence set-up was built to perform the work regarding in vitro detection and
quantification of occlusal dental caries and the determination of its actual clinical carious lesion depth by
650 nm CW diode laser (excitat

Nicotine was separated from eggplant and green pepper seeds (Solanaceous) by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).The concentration of nicotine in the eggplant extract (0.871-0.877 μg/ml) was determined by injecting standard material with 0.5 and 1.5 μg/ml, while the concentrations of nicotine in green pepper extract (0.613-0.618 μg/ml) was determined when the standard material was injected with 0.5 and 1.5 μg/ml. The qualitative chemical data was calculated from derivations of the standard material. Nicotine concentration was measured qualitatively in both extracts through the calibration curve and method of the standard addition. This technique has high accuracy and compatibility, bringing the proportion of relati

Since I live in a society in which violence has become widespread, and killing among its own people flared up till they began to kill under the excuse of taking shelter, in these pages I would like to explain the status of taking shelter in the light of Islamic Law (Sharia), exploring scholars’ opinions in the legitimacy or illegitimacy of this issue according to the legal standards.
And, to acquaint people, and myself in the first place, with the true nature and the gravity of this issue; to expose it to those who are unaware of it; to remind those who are already aware of it. I would refute the fabrications, remove the suspicions which surround it untill it made the forbidden permissible; the wrong right. I would explain to those