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The relationship between the central government and local administrations in the federal system: Experience the Iraqi model
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   Increasingly, public organizations in the federal state are required to work together, as well as to work with others to achieve their objectives. In Iraq there are two levels of organizations, including federal and local, and these organizations have been forced to work for many years in an environment in which the responsibility for service delivery is shared between policy makers and service providers, and between local governments and the federal government. It is sometimes difficult to manage the relationship between these organizations (federal and local) and do not always provide the best possible outcome of this relationship. This paper reviews how to manage the relationship between local administrations and the federal government in the federal system with a focus on the Iraqi experience. And illustrate examples of how to develop cooperation, exchange and terms of reference. The researcher reached conclusions and recommendations whose main purpose is to streamline the relationship between the federal government and local administrations to reach the desired goal of their respective existence.

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Publication Date
Tue May 16 2023
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The Role of Iraqi Woman in the 2021 Elections
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After the political change in Iraq in 2003, Iraq witnessed a stage of social and political development and the strengthening of the legal foundations of the state system, by the approval of the permanent Iraqi constitution of 2005, and stipulating the quota system.

Iraqi women participated in the parliamentary elections from 2005 until 2021, and despite the participation of Iraqi women in all elections, there are challenges that women in Iraq face that prevent their political participation in general and participation in parliament in particular. There are factors behind this, including those related to Iraqi women themselves, including those concerning the political institution and factors related to the nature of society, and it

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effectiveness Of the Poetic Text Between the Presence and Absence in Abu Firas al_Hamdani Romyate
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Abu Firas al- Hamdani is one of the most prominent abbasid poets Who characterized their poetry with high artistic quality especially in his Romyate which blended the quality of feelings of grief, sorrow, longing and nostalgia that makes sensitive self conflict that stems with time from one hand and with place on the other hand. Because we are dealing with a poet lived west spatial coercive which it has been hurt him within a time conflict swinging between despair and some times patience and hope other times between the present and his painful reality also between the past and the beautiful times.
This researcher is to stand on this Romyat by monitoring effectiveness of the poetic text based on conflict between the presenc

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 10 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Boundary between Advertisement and Mass Media Overlapping Levels in the Press (The Case of Iraq)
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The advertisement is important in maximizing the resources of journalistic institutions. It helps them to perform their duties and also establishes their independence. However, this type of communication has often overlapped with other types of communication, including media and publicity.

Those in charge of the press bear responsibility in this regard, as some of them harness the advertisement for personal purposes; or detrimental to media content. Many communication authorities have drawn attention to the danger of confusing the concepts and levels of the three activities and have moved towards establishing rules to reduce overlap between them.

The aim of this research is to try to disengage the concept of advertising,

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 27 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Extent of auditors' commitment to the quality control system according to the Iraqi Audit guide / 7 : A field study of a sample of auditors of the second district audit office In the The Federal Financial Supervision Board
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The research aims to achieve a set of objectives, the most important of which is determining the extent to which the auditors of the research sample in the Federal Bureau of Financial Supervision adhere to the requirements of the quality control system according to the Iraqi Audit Manual No. The federal financial / research sample with the quality control system according to the Iraqi audit guide No. 7), and the researcher seeks to test the main research hypothesis and sub-hypotheses, and to achieve this, a questionnaire was designed by (Google Form) and distributed electronically to the elements of the research sample, Through the statistical package program (SPSS), the results of the questionnaire were analysed. In light of the applied

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 08 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Activating the Role of Women Leaders in Educational Decision-Making in Educational Administrations in the Northern Border in Light of the Kingdom's 2030 Vision
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This study aims at identifying the activation of the role of feminine leaders in educational decision-making in educational administrations in the Northern Borders Province in light of the Kingdom's vision 2030. It also aims to identify what educational leadership is, to study the conceptual framework of the contemporary education decision-making process, and to examine the reality of the problems of feminine leaders in educational decision-making in the educational administrations in the Northern Borders. In addition, it tries to develop a proposed vision to activate the role of feminine leaders in educational decision-making in Educational Administrations in the Northern Borders Province in light of Vision 2030. To achieve the objectiv

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Semantic differences between the explicit source The Mimi source in the Holy Quran
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The main purpose of the research is to study the significance of the event in the explicit source and its significance in the Mimi source and to explain the difference between them in the Holy Quran, especially since most linguists were not interested in what the Mime source indicates in the text, but focused on its form and form, as they defined it as the name Linguists and grammarians did not mention a difference in meaning between the explicit source and the Mimi source, and they interpret the second in the first sense, which led me to choose this topic, to know the significance of each source through Appeal to the maqam and occasion in a challenge D The exact meaning.

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
LOCAL NEWS SOURCES IN THE IRAQI NEWSPAPERS: Local news sources in the Iraqi newspapers (An analytical study of local news sources In the newspaper Al-Zaman for the period from 1/6/2006 to 06/30/2006)
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Local news is an important topic of the press because of its importance to readers. It touches their daily life in one way or another, which makes them interested in and followers of them. Hence the importance of local news, as it interests a wide segment of readers.
There are many sources of newspapers for obtaining local news, as these sources are distributed to the newspaper's own sources and external sources.

Self-sources are the newspaper's own sources, through which it is possible to obtain this news, such as the representatives of the newspaper and its correspondents and the journalists working in it. This is the example in this way.
The external sources are distributed to local and international news agencies and sa

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison between method penalized quasi- likelihood and Marginal quasi-likelihood in estimating parameters of the multilevel binary model
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Multilevel models are among the most important models widely used in the application and analysis of data that are characterized by the fact that observations take a hierarchical form, In our research we examined the multilevel logistic regression model (intercept random and slope random model) , here the importance of the research highlights that the usual regression models calculate the total variance of the model and its inability to read variance and variations between levels ,however in the case of multi-level regression models, the calculation of  the total variance is inaccurate and therefore these models calculate the variations for each level of the model, Where the research aims to estimate the parameters of this m

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Conflict investigation methodology Between the news and the work of the people of the city
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Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds and prayers to our master and our beloved Muhammad and to his God and companions.
The Sunnah of the prophet completed the prayer and delivery agreed to accept them as evidence of legislation, and the fundamentalists differed in accepting the news of Sundays in the pieces, and most likely if the hadeeth is proven, and completed the correct conditions there is no objection to accept it in branches and pieces. As for the work of the people of the city is one of the evidence adopted when the imam Malik, who is the Imam of the House of the Prophet's blessed immigration, and scientists differ greatly. If you offer a ruling and the ruling of the Hadith of the individual, and the rule of the work of the

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis The Consistency Between The Tariff And The Exchange Rate And Their Reflection On The Trade Balance In Iraq
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       The trade balance is considered as a way to join the national economy with the world, So it is the mirror that reflect the economic center of the country and it is point to competitive ability of it, The tariff and the exchange rate perform a great role to motivate the domestic production and improve the trade balance if we direct them to achieve the same purpose. The Iraqi economic has trade balance which achieve overabundant during the years of studying because of the oil exports, while the other exports represent a small percentage it is hardly remember, and expansion in imports from other side causes exhaustion in oil revenues, and this make the trade balance in permanent

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