Some modified techniques are used in this article in order to have approximate solutions for systems of Volterra integro-differential equations. The suggested techniques are the so called Laplace-Adomian decomposition method and Laplace iterative method. The proposed methods are robust and accurate as can be seen from the given illustrative examples and from the comparison that are made with the exact solution.

In this paper a refractive index sensor based on micro-structured optical fiber has been proposed using Finite Element Method (FEM). The designed fiber has a hexagonal cladding structure with six air holes rings running around its solid core.  The air holes of fiber has been infiltrated  with different liquids such as water , ethanol, methanol, and toluene then sensor characteristics like ; effective refractive index , confinement loss, beam profile of the fundamental mode, and sensor resolution are investigated by employing the FEM. This designed sensor characterized by its low confinement loss and high resolution so a small change in the analyte refractive index could be detect which is could be useful to detect the change of

     One major problem facing some environments, such as insurance companies and government institutions, is when a massive amount of documents has to be processed every day. Thus, an automatic stamp recognition system is necessary. The extraction and recognition of a general stamp is not a simple task because it may have various shapes, sizes, backgrounds, patterns, and colors. Moreover, the stamp can be printed on documents with bad quality and rotation with various angles. Our proposed method presents a new approach for the preprocessing and recognition of color stamp images. It consists of four stages, which are stamp extraction, preprocessing, feature extraction, and matching. Stamp extraction is achieved to isol

Hartree-Fock calculations for even-even Tin isotopes using
Skyrme density dependent effective nucleon-nucleon interaction are
discussed systematically. Skyrme interaction and the general formula
for the mean energy of a spherical nucleus are described. The charge
and matter densities with their corresponding rms radii and the
nuclear skin for Sn isotopes are studied and compared with the
experimental data. The potential energy curves obtained with
inclusion of the pairing force between the like nucleons in Hartree-
Fock-Bogoliubov approach are also discussed.

Different compositions of hydrogels composed of mathacrylamide homopolymer (60 and 90% of PMAM) were prepared using the free radical polymerization technique, with and without methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker (0 and 3%). Several parameters and properties were studied to evaluate their performance as oil/water separators. Many parameters are used, such as residual oil in water, water recovery, separation time, hydrogels coated percentages, swelling parameters, mechanical properties, microscopic and photographic images, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that water recovery (87-97), Separation efficiency (96.2-99.6 %), separation time (6-9.5 min.), hydrogels coated percentages (18-23 %), water content (70-97 %), and

The present work is an attempt to develop design data for an Iraqi roof and wall constructions using the latest ASHRAE Radiant Time Series (RTS) cooling load calculation method. The work involves calculation of cooling load theoretically by introducing the design data for Iraq, and verifies the results experimentally by field measurements. Technical specifications of Iraqi construction materials are used to derive the conduction time factors that needed in RTS method calculations. Special software published by Oklahoma state university is used to extract the conduction factors according to the technical specifications of Iraqi construction materials.  Good agreement between the average theoretical and measured cooli

This study is unique in this field. It represents a mix of three branches of technology: photometry, spectroscopy, and image processing. The work treats the image by treating each pixel in the image based on its color, where the color means a specific wavelength on the RGB line; therefore, any image will have many wavelengths from all its pixels. The results of the study are specific and identify the elements on the nucleus’s surface of a comet, not only the details but also their mapping on the nucleus. The work considered 12 elements in two comets (Temple 1 and 67P/Churyumoy-Gerasimenko). The elements have strong emission lines in the visible range, which were recognized by our MATLAB program in the treatment of the image. The percen

This research aims to develop new spectrophotometric analytical method to determine drug compound Salbutamol by reaction it with ferric chloride in presence potassium ferricyanide in acid median to formation of Prussian blue complex to determine it by uv-vis spectrophotmetric at wavelengths rang(700-750)nm . Study the optimal experimental condition for determination drug and found the follows: 1- Volume of(10M) H2SO4 to determine of drug is 1.5 ml . 2- Volume and concentration of K3Fe(CN)6 is 1.5 ml ,0.2% . 3- Volume and concentration of FeCl3 is 2.5ml , 0.2%. 4- Temperature has been found 80 . 5- Reaction time is 15 minute . 6- Order of addition is (drug + K3Fe(CN)6+ FeCl3 + acid) . Concentration rang (0.025-5 ppm) , limit detecti

      In this paper we shall prepare an  sacrificial solution for fuzzy differential algebraic equations of fractional order (FFDAEs) based on the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) which is proposed to solve (FFDAEs) . The blurriness will appear in the boundary conditions, to be fuzzy numbers. The solution of the proposed pattern of  equations is studied in the form of a convergent series with readily computable components. Several examples are resolved as  clarifications, the numerical outcomes are obvious that the followed approach is simple to perform and precise when utilized to (FFDAEs).

In this paper, suggested method as well as the conventional methods (probability
plot-(p.p.) for estimations of the two-parameters (shape and scale) of the Weibull
distribution had proposed and the estimators had been implemented for different
sample sizes small, medium, and large of size 20, 50, and 100 respectively by
simulation technique. The comparisons were carried out between different methods
and sample sizes. It was observed from the results that suggested method which
were performed for the first time (as far as we know), by using MSE indicator, the
comparisons between the studied and suggested methods can be summarized
through extremely asymptotic for indicator (MSE) results by generating random
error