The neo – realism school confirms the using of soft instruments in foreign policy which replaced martial means . this is the age of economies that based on in formatting and interdependence which overpass the national boundaries . The power becomes less trans fer able and trans fordable. It becomes tangible and less coercive . The former American minister Henry Kissinger , despite his deep belief in the policy of the traditional power balance, argued in 1975 by saying “we are now witnessing a new Ara. The new global patterns are falling apart … we are living in a new world of inter deepen dense in the economy communications and human tartan aspirations” The priority of economy in concern of war was the mean reason behind the winn

Studying translation as academic article has cultural motive side by side academic aim to establish a professional generation that have the ability to serve labor market .

And because translation is important in many sectors in the society such as technology, science, popular institutions, tourism and political and legal relations between countries.

Our investigation concentrate on the articles of translation teaching in fourth class/ Spanish Department/ College of Languages/ Baghdad University for five years in order to evaluate the level of utility of creating translators and interpreters after graduation .

From 2009 until 2014 we saw continuous yearly exchanging in teaching articles by many professors with diff

Cities have witnessed great changes since the planning of the first cities. This is due to the increase in population and problems in services which affect urban security. As such, urban security is directed and affected by the nature of city planning and the types of services. Besides, the kind of services plays an imminent place in providing urban security at all levels. Other factors that influence urban security can be limited to the increase of population, economic and social changes. This leads to losing urban control. This study will explore the historical chronology to identify weaknesses in urban planning since its dawn and reaching solutions to protect urban security. The importance of the research lies in achieving urban secur

Examining the pictures of the scientific miracles in Surat Al-Ra’d revealed to us - as all other verses of miracles revealed - the truth of the prophecy of our noble Messenger (may God bless him and his family and grant him peace) in receiving the verses of the Qur’an from God Almighty through revelation. It is not possible to talk about cosmic phenomena and their secrets in this way. Fourteen centuries ago, when scientific techniques, observational devices, space surveys, and means of science were non-existent, except for what is related to eye observation, transmitted experiences, and even observation is unable to explain many phenomena near as well as distant ones. The interpretations that are tainted by myth in the books

The article aims to study the crisis of political change  from three Phases . The first focuses on the crises of political legitimacy and democratic postponement, as fundamental issues in analyzing the phenomenon of power struggle through the dialectic between the concept of historical legitimacy and institutional fragility from the beginning of statehood in 1962 to the stage of multi-partyism and the cessation of the electoral process in the 1990s. While the second focuses on the question of the monopoly of power in the post-terrorism and national reconciliation according to considerations  Political, social and security measures to prolong the life of the regime and avoid the demands of political change brought about

يتناول البحث الاجابة عن سؤال هل ان العقد بقي ذو صفة ارادية ام تحول الى الصفة التنظيمية نتيجة تدخل المشرع في العديد من جزئياته

الانتصار في الحروب الحديثة

The Arabic language has always been and still is the preoccupation of our scholars, both advanced and late, because of the amazing secrets that this language holds. What distinguished it from the rest of the languages ​​is that its owners speak with sounds that others are unable to pronounce, except by vigorous attempts, and these voices include za’, middle and extreme hamza, and ha’.

After this trip in the poetry of irony fields, which  restricted to the second Abbasid poetry .it is necessary to mention the most notable results that the research reached