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تقييم إداء السياسة النقدية في العراق وأثرها في التضخم دراسة تحليلية للمدة من (1980- 2003)
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تلعب السياسة النقدية دوراً فاعلاً ومتميزاً في تحقيق معدلات نمو عالية وتحقيق الاستقرار والتوازن الاقتصادي وبالاخص الحد من ظاهرة التضخم.

يمكن حصر اهداف السياسة النقدية في الدول النامية والعربية خصوصاً من خلال التعرف على الاغراض المنصوص عليها في التشريعات وتشمل (تحقيق استقرار نقدي، المحافظة على قيمة العملة، تشجيع النمو الاقتصادي، تطوير الاسواق المالية والنقدية، استقرار الاسعار، تحقيق التوازن الداخلي والخارجي)([1])

مع ملاحظة وجود اولويات للاهداف المعلنة فمثلاً نجد في الولايات المتحدة تركيز على استقرار الاسعار وفي بريطانيا فإن البنك المركزي حدد الهدف الرئيسي وهو المحافظة على استقرار قيمة العملة والمحافظة على استقرار النظام المالي محلياً ودولياً، اما في المانيا فإن هدف السياسة النقدية ينصب على تحقيق استقرار الاسعار. ان عملية التصحيح الاقتصادي والتي تعنى بتصحيح اوضاع اقتصادية مثل العجز في ميزان المدفوعات او عجز الميزانية العامة او ارتفاع الاسعار او زيادة المديونية وتظهر الكثير من الادبيات الاقتصادية اهمية الدور المتميز للسياسة النقدية في عملية التصحيح الاقتصادي.

وبالرغم من تطور مهمة السياسة النقدية الا انها تتفاعل مع السياسة المالية في عدد من المجالات لأن السياسيتين تستهدفان اهدافاً نهائية واحدة ويشتركان في بعض قنوات التأثير ونجد ايضاً ان هدف السياسة النقدية يكون احياناً هدف مالي مثل الدين العام.

وقد تسعى احياناً السياسة المالية الى تحقيق اهداف نقدية اذن نستطيع القول ان السياسة النقدية تحتاج الى اجراءات مكملة من قبل السياسة المالية تكملها ولا تتعارض معها للوصول الى الهدف النهائي.

عند القاء الضوء على واقع الاقتصاد العراقي في الوقت الحاضر نجد ان المشكلة الرئيسية المطروحة هي وجود بطالة بنسبة عالية تفوق ما حددته الامم المتحدة في نسبة المقبولة من البطالة والتي حددت بـ 6% اما في العراق فإن نسبة البطالة تجاوزت الحد المعقول حيث تقاربت التصريحات بهذه النسب والتي قيل عنها انها بلغت 30% وفق تقديرات وزارة التخطيط والأنماء.

وبغض النظر عن هذه الارقام نجد ان ظاهرة البطالة تزامنت مع وجود تضخم كبير ومزمن وارتفاع في مستوى الاسعار على سبيل المثال بلغت نسبة التضخم في المستوى العام للاسعار عام 2002   19.31% وهذه دلالة واضحة بأن التضخم الموجود في الاقتصاد العراقي هو تضخم جامح ومنفلت.

 

([1]) د. علي توفيق الصادق (السياسة النقدية في الدول العربية) صندوق النقد العربي مايو 1996.

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Tue Dec 31 2019
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Measuring the Range Application of Internal Marketing for HRM Philosophy in the Public Company for Electrical and Electronic Industries
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The reason behind choosing this topic " internal marketing (IM) of human resource management (HRM)" is to highlight the advantages of using IM in the organization framework. The problem of the research paper lies in not paying enough attention to employees genuine needs as they interact with each other in the sake of organization prosper. This research paper can be used as indictor to expose the weaknesses that the organization encounters daily. The current research paper attempts at examining the possibility of developing philosophy of internal marketing of human resources and its most practices, empowering staff, training courses, motivations and recognitions, and within departments communication, in order to reach targeted res

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Fri Aug 31 2012
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Natural Convection Heat Transfer in an Inclined Open-Ended Square Cavity with Partially Active Side Wall
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This paper reports a numerical study of flow behaviors and natural convection heat transfer characteristics in an inclined open-ended square cavity filled with air. The cavity is formed by adiabatic top and bottom walls and partially heated vertical wall facing the opening. Governing equations in vorticity-stream function form are discretized via finite-difference method and are solved numerically by iterative successive under relaxation (SUR) technique. A computer program to solve mathematical model has been developed and written as a code for MATLAB software. Results in the form of streamlines, isotherms, and average Nusselt number, are obtained for a wide range of Rayleigh numbers 103-106 with Prandtl number 0.71

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 22 2019
Journal Name
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الاسطوغرفيا العثمانية التركية حول ثيمة محمية الجزائر في الفترة العثمانية ما بين - الموضوعية العلمية والذاتية المؤدلجة
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Thu Nov 01 2018
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Comparison of Multistage and Numerical Discretization Methods for Estimating Parameters in Nonlinear Linear Ordinary Differential Equations Models.
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Many of the dynamic processes in different sciences are described by models of differential equations. These models explain the change in the behavior of the studied process over time by linking the behavior of the process under study with its derivatives. These models often contain constant and time-varying parameters that vary according to the nature of the process under study in this We will estimate the constant and time-varying parameters in a sequential method in several stages. In the first stage, the state variables and their derivatives are estimated in the method of penalized splines(p- splines) . In the second stage we use pseudo lest square to estimate constant parameters, For the third stage, the rem

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Emotional competence, is relatively a new concept, stands for the ability of people to perceive their feelings and emotions, and sharing them with others. It also refers to capability in optimizing these feeling and emotions, and managing them over various situations. Thus, this study aims to examine the efficiency of counseling program in developing an emotional competence among intermediate school students in Baghdad city. The sample included group of female students at intermediate stage. The findings revealed none of experimental and control groups have statistically significant differences in pre-posttests of emotional competence efficiency.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 25 2018
Journal Name
مجلة كلية الادارة والاقتصاد -الجامعة العراقية
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Sat Jan 02 2021
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 21 2023
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مجلة علوم الرياضة
تأثير منهج إرشادي نفسي لتخفيف الضغوط النفسية المصاحبة قبل أداء المباراة للحكام الدوليون في كرة القدم
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Sat Feb 01 2020
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The Relationship between the Strategies of E-marketing mix and Marketing Effectiveness of the Palestinian Small Business Industrial Organizations in the City of Hebron
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In the city of Hebron, small business industrial organizations face a major challenge related to its ability to reach, attract and sustain a sufficient number of customers in order to ensure its continuity and sustainability. The research problem is summarized in an attempt to reveal how the e-marketing could improve and support the marketing effectiveness of small business industrial organizations in the city of Hebron/Palestine. The importance of this research stems from the fact that it addresses a new knowledge branch of the field of marketing, which is electronic marketing for small business organizations, and the fact that the research highlights appropriate marketing solutions for these organizations in light of the Intern

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Sun Dec 01 2019
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Reinsurance risks and their reflex on the financial performance of the National Insurance Company: Applied Research in Maritime Insurance Branch
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