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تقييم إداء السياسة النقدية في العراق وأثرها في التضخم دراسة تحليلية للمدة من (1980- 2003)
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تلعب السياسة النقدية دوراً فاعلاً ومتميزاً في تحقيق معدلات نمو عالية وتحقيق الاستقرار والتوازن الاقتصادي وبالاخص الحد من ظاهرة التضخم.

يمكن حصر اهداف السياسة النقدية في الدول النامية والعربية خصوصاً من خلال التعرف على الاغراض المنصوص عليها في التشريعات وتشمل (تحقيق استقرار نقدي، المحافظة على قيمة العملة، تشجيع النمو الاقتصادي، تطوير الاسواق المالية والنقدية، استقرار الاسعار، تحقيق التوازن الداخلي والخارجي)([1])

مع ملاحظة وجود اولويات للاهداف المعلنة فمثلاً نجد في الولايات المتحدة تركيز على استقرار الاسعار وفي بريطانيا فإن البنك المركزي حدد الهدف الرئيسي وهو المحافظة على استقرار قيمة العملة والمحافظة على استقرار النظام المالي محلياً ودولياً، اما في المانيا فإن هدف السياسة النقدية ينصب على تحقيق استقرار الاسعار. ان عملية التصحيح الاقتصادي والتي تعنى بتصحيح اوضاع اقتصادية مثل العجز في ميزان المدفوعات او عجز الميزانية العامة او ارتفاع الاسعار او زيادة المديونية وتظهر الكثير من الادبيات الاقتصادية اهمية الدور المتميز للسياسة النقدية في عملية التصحيح الاقتصادي.

وبالرغم من تطور مهمة السياسة النقدية الا انها تتفاعل مع السياسة المالية في عدد من المجالات لأن السياسيتين تستهدفان اهدافاً نهائية واحدة ويشتركان في بعض قنوات التأثير ونجد ايضاً ان هدف السياسة النقدية يكون احياناً هدف مالي مثل الدين العام.

وقد تسعى احياناً السياسة المالية الى تحقيق اهداف نقدية اذن نستطيع القول ان السياسة النقدية تحتاج الى اجراءات مكملة من قبل السياسة المالية تكملها ولا تتعارض معها للوصول الى الهدف النهائي.

عند القاء الضوء على واقع الاقتصاد العراقي في الوقت الحاضر نجد ان المشكلة الرئيسية المطروحة هي وجود بطالة بنسبة عالية تفوق ما حددته الامم المتحدة في نسبة المقبولة من البطالة والتي حددت بـ 6% اما في العراق فإن نسبة البطالة تجاوزت الحد المعقول حيث تقاربت التصريحات بهذه النسب والتي قيل عنها انها بلغت 30% وفق تقديرات وزارة التخطيط والأنماء.

وبغض النظر عن هذه الارقام نجد ان ظاهرة البطالة تزامنت مع وجود تضخم كبير ومزمن وارتفاع في مستوى الاسعار على سبيل المثال بلغت نسبة التضخم في المستوى العام للاسعار عام 2002   19.31% وهذه دلالة واضحة بأن التضخم الموجود في الاقتصاد العراقي هو تضخم جامح ومنفلت.

 

([1]) د. علي توفيق الصادق (السياسة النقدية في الدول العربية) صندوق النقد العربي مايو 1996.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 08 2021
Journal Name
Ournal Of The College Of Basic Education
تحضير الكاربون المنشط المايكروي والنانوي من مخلفات حبوب الذرة باستخدام الكربنة الحرارية واشعاع المايكروويف
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This research work involves the preparation of nano activated carbonand macro activated carbon from corn seeds with a various mixing ratio ofpotassium hydroxide (1:0, 1:0.2, 1:0.4, 1:0.6, 1:0.8 and 1:1) % using thermaland micro radiation carbonization to identify the best mixing ratio. At studyto confirmed that the efficiency and effectiveness of the prepared of activatedcarbon samples increase when ratio potassium hydroxide increase with athermal and micro radiation carbonization was used. The study of samplesexternal surface area was performed via studying the adsorption of methyleneblue from their aqueous solution, also measured the internal surface area wasperformed via studying the adsorption of iodine from their aqueous solution.Measu

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2005
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
الأخطاء الصوتية الشائعة لدى طلبة معاهد اعداد المعلمين والمعلمات من غير الناطقين باللغة الكردية
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الأخطاء الصوتية الشائعة لدى طلبة معاهد اعداد المعلمين والمعلمات من غير الناطقين باللغة الكردية

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Determining the sources of growth of the cement industry in Iraq (analytical study for the period 1990-2014)
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The objective of this study is to determine the sources of growth of the cement industry in Iraq for the period 1990-2014 and to indicate the nature of the technological progress used in it. To achieve this objective we have built an econometric model, by adapting the production function constant elasticity for substitution, using multiple regression, and enforcement, SPSS program, and using the ordinary least squares method (OLS). The results showed that quantitative factors (labour and capital) are the main sources of growth the cement industry in Iraq, and the qualitative factors (technological progress) did not contribute effectively to achieve this growth. And that the production techniques adopted in the cement industry in

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Econometrics analysis of the impact of external shocks on foreign direct investment in Iraq for the period (1995-2016)
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The external shocks are one of the phenomena that the Iraqi economy is exposed to over a period of time. It is referred to as changes and events that come from outside the economic system and extends to many economic variables. However, foreign direct investment may be severely affected due to the extreme sensitivity to changes and local and international developments. This type of trauma and its characteristics to help manage and cope with external shocks, and in order to avoid the standard problems experienced by some models of simple linear regression, multi-linear regression models were used with variables Scientific and other dummy variables .

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of electronic trading and central filing in the performance of the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period (2008-2018)
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The rapid development of information technology and its use in all areas has had a positive impact on all areas, and financial markets have had a share of this development through the use of an electronic trading system to settle transactions, enhance transparency and disclosure in all activities of these markets and revitalize their performance.

The reason for choosing this topic is that it is a very important topic for what modern technology addresses in trading operations in financial markets. It is worth noting that these innovations have eliminated the need for direct contact with people, but through the Internet and telephone networks, and the new technology has reduced the costs of building systems

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Catalysts for money laundering and control by the banks / analytical study in the province of Arbil measures
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Receive money laundering phenomenon of interest to researchers and scholars on different intellectual orientation of economic or political or other, as this process is gaining paramount importance in light of business and increase the number of banks in the province of Kurdistan of Iraq and Erbil in particular and in the presence of openness developments chaotic economic and there are no factors encourage money laundering operation because of the presence of the hidden economy and the weakness of the banking and legal measures to combat them, and on this basis there is a need to examine money laundering operation in the province of Arbil, to indicate the presence or absence of a money laundering operation in working in the provin

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measuring the speed of response of the exported quantity of crude oil to the increase in its prices using the model Impulse Response Functions (IRF) (Iraq case study) for the period (1978-2017)
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Abstract

     Oil is considered a commodity and is still an important and prominent role in drawing and shaping the Iraqi economic scene. The revenues generated from the export of oil are considered the main source of the general budget in cash flows.  

     Since the revenues consist of quantity and price and the latter is an external factor which is difficult to predict, The effect of any commodity on its price, which is proven in the theory of micro-economic, but it is observed through the research that the response is slow, which means not to take advantage of the rise in prices, by increasing the quantity exported, the result of several facto

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Code-Switching in Language : An Applied Study: تغییر الشفرة اللغویة: دراسة تطبیقیة
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Publication Date
Sun May 02 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The extent of adopting the dimensions of the Blue Ocean Strategy and its impact in the market share: بحث استطلاعي في شركة الحمراء للتأمين
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With the increase in competition between insurance companies in addition to the increasing numbers in the number of insurance companies, whose number decreased to (32) private companies until the end of the year (2020). The blue ocean at the level and its effects on increasing the market share. Therefore, the two researchers tested the hypothesis and the research concluded that there is a relationship A .Also the researcher put some recommendations the most prominent is that the invention is considered one of the successful strategies an d the company has to encourage the employees according to inventive thoughts

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Organizational Transparency influence in reducing administrative corruption financially studing analytcal analysts of the same man from the upper leaders in iraqi Organizations
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The Organizational Transparency is regarded one of the effective means in the attempts of the restoration and working to prevent the corruption and reduce the negative managerial economic social and political effects.

Accordingly, this study aims at importance of performing an explorative analytical study in order to stand on the effect of the Organizational Transparency in the reduction of environment of Iraqi Organizations.

To achieve this study, three hypotheses were chosen; the first is the correlation relation and the second is the effect and the third is the differences, and statistical means represented by correlation coefficient "Spearman", "", "Mann- Whit

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