Estimation the unknown parameters of a two-dimensional sinusoidal signal model is an important and a difficult problem , The importance of this model  in modeling Symmetric gray- scale texture image . In this paper, we propose employment Deferential Evaluation algorithm and the use of Sequential approach to estimate the unknown frequencies and amplitudes of the 2-D sinusoidal components when the signal is affected by noise. Numerical simulation are performed for different sample size, and various level of standard deviation to observe the performance of this method in estimate the parameters of 2-D sinusoidal signal model , This model was used for modeling  the Symmetric gray scale texture image and estimating by using

The percent work was designed to determine the effect of ginger plant aqueous extract on function and histological structure of kidney in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Ginger plant caused a protective effect against CCl4 induced kidney damage and improved the kidney weight and biochemical parameters including urea, uric acid and creatinine. The ginger plant has a protective effect against injury in the kidney of mice treated with CCL4, because the ginger plant protects the tissues of kidney from toxic effect of CCL4. The kidney of CCL4 treated mice showed many histological alterations in the kidney included: atrophy, vascular degeneration and hemorrhage, death cell, degeneration of epithelial cells, destruction of basement

     This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Cuminum cyminum seed aqueous extract on the function and histological structure of rat kidney treated with dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Eighteen albino rats weighing 190-240g and aged 10-12 weeks were used for this study which went on for 28 days. The rats were divided into three groups (each with six animals): 1^st  group: control rats were given food and tap water, 2^nd group was given DBP (420mg/Kg. B.W.)  with tap water and diet, 3^rd group were fed cumin plant orally at a daily dose of (200 mg/kg B.W.) and DBP (420mg/kg. B.W.) was given with drinking water and fed with diet daily. Kidney and liver function parameters were measured and hi

The seed propagation is the predominant method of Echinacea propagation, which has been criticized for its time-consuming control over the separation factor and the uncertainty of pathogen-free plants produced by this method. The technology of tissue culture has provided multiple opportunities for the production of secondary metabolites continuously without being restricted to a specific season, due to the possibility of controlling the environmental conditions and the components of the nutrient medium needed by the plant. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of salicylic acid as elicitor and tyrosine as precursor on propagation and some secondary compounds production in coneflower in vitro. The result showed the superiori

    In this work, a class of stochastically perturbed differential systems with standard Brownian motion of ordinary unperturbed differential system is considered and studied. The necessary conditions for the existence of a unique solution of the stochastic perturbed semi-linear system of differential equations are suggested and supported by concluding remarks. Some theoretical results concerning the mean square exponential stability of the nominal unperturbed deterministic differential system and its equivalent stochastically perturbed system with the deterministic and stochastic process as a random noise have been stated and proved. The proofs of the obtained results are based on using the stochastic quadratic Lyapunov function meth

larization modulation plays an important role in polarization encoding in quantum key distribution. By using polarization modulation, quantum key distribution systems become more compact and more vulnerable as one laser source is used instead of using multiple laser sources that may cause side-channel attacks. Metasurfaces with their exceptional optical properties have led to the development of versatile ultrathin optical devices. They are made up of planar arrays of resonant or nearly resonant subwavelength pieces and provide complete control over reflected and transmitted electromagnetic waves opening several possibilities for the development of innovative optical components. In this work, the Si nanowire metasurface

     In this paper, we present a Branch and Bound (B&B) algorithm of scheduling (n) jobs on a single machine to minimize the sum total completion time, total tardiness, total earliness, number of tardy jobs and total late work with unequal release dates. We proposed six heuristic methods for account upper bound. Also to obtain lower bound (LB) to this problem we modified a (LB) select from literature, with (Moore algorithm and Lawler's algorithm).  And some dominance rules were suggested. Also, two special cases were derived. Computational experience showed the proposed (B&B) algorithm was effective in solving problems with up to (16) jobs, also the upper bounds and the lower bound were effective in restr