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Relationship of environmental costs to product life cycle costs Applied in the General Company for Battery Industry
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The relationship between costs of environment and costs of product life – cycle.    Boubtlessly when the economical unit exercise their productive works, they lead to pollution in water, air and soil as well as all stages of product life- cycle from Rans Dstage, production stage, packaging stage and finally abandonment stage-             Pollution causes environmental costs. Lgnoring or hiding environmental costs and no taking them in consideration with product cost lead to a wrong account of preduot cost.

Therefore, environmental costs should be included and matched for all stages with in product costs to know which activities, processes or products that cause environmental costs that have importance in decision making.

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2007
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study of Mechanical Characteristics for Polymer Composite Reinforced by Particles of (Al2O3) or (Al)
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A particulate polymer composite material was prepared by reinforcing with the Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) or Aluminum (Al) metallic particles with a particle size of (30) µm to an unsaturated Polyester Resin with a weight fraction of (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%).

Tensile test results showed the maximum value of elastic modulus reached (2400MPa.)  in the case of reinforcing with (Al) particles with weight fraction (20%) and (1500 MPa.)  in the case of reinforcing with (Al2O3) particles of the same weight fraction.

  When the impact and the flexural strength tests were done, the results showed that flexural strength (F.S), maximum shear stress (τmax), impact strength

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 15 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Evaluation of Altruistic Behavior for Kindergartens Children from their Mothers & Teachers Point of view
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Abstract

 This study is aim to :

  • Put a standard to evaluate the altruistic behavior in kindergarten children.
  • Know level of the altruistic behavior in the kindergarten children according to their mother "s points of view.
  • Know the level of the altruistic behavior in the kindergarten children according to their teacher "s points of view.
  • The differences in the level of altruistic behavior in kindergarten children between their mothers & teachers points of view.

      The sample consists of (120) children of kindergarten children in Baghdad. The researcher has built a to

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Medical Sciences
CLINICAL UTILITY OF URINARY ANTIGEN TEST AND MOLECULAR METHOD FOR DETECTION OF LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA
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Background: Legionella pneumophila (L. pneumophila) is gram-negative bacterium, which causes Legionnaires’ disease as well as Pontiac fever. Objective: To determine the frequency of Legionella pneumophila in pneumonic patients, to determine the clinical utility of diagnosing Legionella pneumonia by urinary antigen testing (LPUAT) in terms of sensitivity and specificity, to compares the results obtained from patients by urinary antigen test with q Real Time PCR (RT PCR) using serum samples and to determine the frequency of serogroup 1 and other serogroups of L. pneumophila. Methods: A total of 100 pneumonic patients (community acquired pneumonia) were enrolled in this study during a period between October 2016 to April 2017; 92 sam

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
On Existence of Prime K-Tuples Conjecture for Positive Proportion of Admissible K-Tuples
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Number theorists believe that primes play a central role in Number theory and that solving problems related to primes could lead to the resolution of many other unsolved conjectures, including the prime k-tuples conjecture. This paper aims to demonstrate the existence of this conjecture for admissible k-tuples in a positive proportion. The authors achieved this by refining the methods of “Goldston, Pintz and Yildirim” and “James Maynard” for studying bounded gaps between primes and prime k-tuples. These refinements enabled to overcome the previous limitations and restrictions and to show that for a positive proportion of admissible k-tuples, there is the existence of the prime k-tuples conjecture holding for each “k”. The sig

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Materials
Prediction of bearing capacity of driven piles for Basrah governatore using SPT and MATLAB
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Based on the results of standard penetration tests (SPTs) conducted in Al-Basrah governorate, this research aims to present thematic maps and equations for estimating the bearing capacity of driven piles having several lengths. The work includes drilling 135 boreholes to a depth of 10 m below the existing ground level and three standard penetration tests (SPT) at depths of 1.5, 6, and 9.5 m were conducted in each borehole. MATLAB software and corrected SPT values were used to determine the bearing capacity of driven piles in Al-Basrah. Several-order interpolation polynomials are suggested to estimate the bearing capacity of driven piles, but the first-order polynomial is considered the most straightforward. Furthermore, the root means squar

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 11 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Rheological Investigation of Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanocarriers for Oral Delivery of Felodipine (Conference Paper )#
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The rheological behavior among factors that are present in Stokes law can be used to control the stability of the colloidal dispersion system. The felodipine lipid polymer hybrid nanocarriers  (LPHNs) is an interesting colloidal dispersion system that is used for rheological characteristic analysis. The LPHNs compose of polymeric components and lipids. This research aims to prepare oral felodipine LPHNs to investigate the effect of independent variables on the rheological behavior of the nanosystem. The microwave-based technique was used to prepare felodipine LPHNs (H1-H9) successfully. All the formulations enter the characterization process for particle size and PDI to ascertain the colloidal properties of the prepared nanosystem t

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Publication Date
Thu May 18 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Design and Analysis of Electro-Hydraulic Servo System for Speed Control of Hydraulic Motor
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In this study, the electro-hydraulic servo system for speed control of fixed displacement hydraulic motor using proportional valve and (PID) controller is investigated theoretically ,experimentally and simulation . The theoretical part includes the derivation of the nonlinear mathematical model equation of (valve – motor ) combination system and the derivation of the transfer function for the complete hydraulic system , the stability test of the system during the operation through the transfer function using MATLAB package
V7.1 have been done. An experimental part includes design and built hydraulic test rig and simple PID controller .The best PID gains have been calculated experimentally and simulation, speed control performance te

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Properties of Thermal Waves Affecting Iraq
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This research aims at studying each of the cold and hot thermal wavelengths affecting
Iraq for a minimum climatic course of 11 years beginning from 1992 till 2002. Three stations
were selected including the parts of Iraq surface: Mosul, Baghdad and Basrah.
The wave days were also connected with the related climatic elements represented by
the wind direction and speeds and the relative humidity. It was shown that Iraq is affected by
the rates of hot thermal wave lengths greatly compared to the rates of cold wavelengths. The
results suggested that the highest rate of hot and cold wavelengths recorded over Basra station
was (3.5) days for the cold and (5) days for the hot. While the lowest rates was at Mosul
station

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Study the Efficiency of Drilling With Casing Operation in an Iraqi Oil Field
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Drilling with casing (DWC) can be considered as a modern drilling technique in which both of drilling and casing operations done in the same time by using the casing to transfer the hydraulic and mechanical power to the bit instead of traditional drilling string. To overcome oil well control, minimizing the total cost through enhancing drilling efficiency, drilling with casing was proposed as an enabling technology.

   Two surface sections (17 1/2 - and 12 1/4- inch) were drilled successfully in Rumaila oil field with  casing strings which reached 655m and 1524m measured depths respectively.

   By using DWC technique, the total drill/case phase time was reduced up to 20% comparing to conventional

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 07 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Preparation of Optical Window in the Infrared Region (35) µm Using Al2O3 Material
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In this work optical window for infrared region was prepared by using Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3)material as antireflection coating on ZnSe substrate which covers the atmospheric window 3-5µm. the maximum transition was 97% at a wavelength 0f 4.4µm.

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