Class consciousness represents its highest stage in the contemporary Marxist thought of Rosa Luxemburg and Antonio Gramsci, not just a reflection of reality, but rather a dialectical form through the reflection of consciousness on reality and its reproduction. The superiority over the infrastructure (historical materialism) promised the revolutionary class consciousness to be achieved spontaneously, and the seeds of a breakthrough are mass strikes, denying the role of the party to organize this awareness, limiting its role to the interconnection between classes, emphasizing the role of socialist democracy as a conscious vanguard for organizing spontaneity, struggle, and developing awareness during the revolutionary process and the leadership of the revolution to achieve its goals. But at the same time it called for reducing the role of the leading vanguard whenever the class consciousness of the proletariat increased, and although it reduced a lot of the role of violence in achieving the revolution, in the end it relied on revolutionary violence as a final solution to achieving the revolution after the revolution had run out. Peaceful means of change, then, after the socialist revolution is achieved through the conscious proletarian class and the establishment of its state, will wither after achieving its goals and consolidating its principles in awareness of individuals, for Rosa's class consciousness is an important tool in educating the masses, achieving revolution, changing the bourgeois system, and establishing the bourgeois state; and at the same time it is a tool for its decay.
This paper is mainly concerned with the study of the moral aspects that prompts William Shakespeare to attempt a romance in which he has embedded the epitome of his thought, experience, and philosophy concerning certain significant aspects of human life whose absence or negligence may threaten human existence, peace, and stability. From the beginning of history man realizes the importance of prosperity on the many and various levels that touch and address his needs and desires—natural, material, and spiritual. The Tempest, due to the dramatist's awareness of the aforementioned values, reflects the dramatist's duty as to projecting and unfolding these important aspects, reconciliation and forgiveness, that promote prosperity which is th
... Show MoreThe current study aims to identify the organizational values of kindergarten teachers as well as to identify the difference in the organizational values of kindergarten teachers in term of years of service, to do this; the researcher designed a scale to measure the organizational values. The scale was applied on a sample of (400) kindergarten teachers. The resesults revealed that kindergarten teachers have a high level of organizational values within the classroom. The result of the second objective showed significant differences among the organizational values (political,
... Show MoreThe current research aims to identify the Vocational Self of the educational counselors as well as to identify the significant difference in the professional self according to the gender variable (male-female). The researcher adopted the scale of al-hasani (2015), which consisted of (34) items. It was applied to a sample of (300) school counselors (male-female) who were randomly selected from the six directorates in the Baghdad governorate for the academic year 2020/2021. The results showed that the research sample of educational counselors has a vocational self-concept. There are no statistically significant differences in the vocational self-concept between males and females among the educational counselors.
The aim of this research is to measure the logical maturity of kindergarten children. To achieve this aim, the researcher adopted the scale of Gold Schmid and Bentler (1968), which was translated to the Arabic language by Shabili (1988). The scale was administered to a sample of (100) kindergarten children were chosen randomly from a number of kindergartens in Baghdad city for the academic year (2017-2018). SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. The results revealed there is a level of logical maturity among the kindergarten children. The researcher came out with a number of recommendations and suggestions. &
... Show MoreThe current study aims to find out:
- The ingratiating behavior of university students.
- The differences of statistical significance in The ingratiating behavior among university students according to the variables of sex and specialization
The current study is determined by University of Baghdad students of both genders (males and females) and for both majors (scientific and humanities) for the academic year (2019-2020).
In order to achieve the researcher's objectives:Ingratiating behavior scale has been constructed. It consists in its final form of (32) items divided into four behaviors. The researcher has extracted scale validity and reliability.
The researcher based the two scales
... Show MoreWe notice that the issue of development is one of the most important issues in ourepoch especially in our country which classify within back ward countries.
When we talk here about the development we don’t mean only the development of capitals or the development of products.but the most important thing is the development of mind .if we notice the experience of developits economy and it didn’t reach to the wanted aim.because these sides . The highness of the meutal rate of the nation is the standard of of the nation is the standard of the sentific and cultural advance for this nation .And that is what we have noticed in human societies ingenerall .
We noticed that
... Show MoreEnvironmental exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can have negative effects on the health of ecosystems and humans. While numerous studies have monitored APIs in rivers, these employ different analytical methods, measure different APIs, and have ignored many of the countries of the world. This makes it difficult to quantify the scale of the problem from a global perspective. Furthermore, comparison of the existing data, generated for different studies/regions/continents, is challenging due to the vast differences between the analytical methodologies employed. Here, we present a global-scale study of API pollution in 258 of the world’s rivers, representing the environmental influence of 471.4 million people across
... Show MoreThis research aims at building a proposed training program according to the self-regulated strategies for the mathematics teachers and to identify the effect of this program on relational Mathematics of teachers. The sample of the research was (60) Math teachers; (30) teachers as experimental group and (30) teachers as control group. The results of the current research reacheded that the proposed training program according to some self-managed learning strategies, meets the needs of trainees with remarkable effectiveness to improve the level of their teaching performance to achieve the desired goals. Training teacher according to self-managed learning strategies is effective in bringing about the transition of training to their students
... Show MoreIn recent years, the attention of researchers, governments and international non-governmental organizations has focused on the aggressive practices adopted by companies with the aim of evading the tax burden or from paying the tax obligations imposed on them by law, as the results of these practices are negatively affected by tax revenues. And that companies are part of the society in which they work, and they have rights and obligations, including paying taxes. The research community is the Iraqi private shareholding companies, and the research sample was 4 companies within the private sector and in the field and finance - banking, insurance, industrial and service, which are Ashur Bank, Al-Ahlia Insurance Company, Baghdad Soft
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