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Decentralization in Iraq: Addressing The State – Society Gap

The implementation of decentralization in Iraq was asymmetrical, leading to different forms and paces of implementation. Comparing four cases of Basra, Kirkuk, Nineveh, and Sulaymaniyah indicate that these cases differ in their political stability and autonomy in a way that led to a different forms of decentralization. This paper argues that the higher the level of political autonomy from the federal government, the more efficient the governance model, and the more efficient the governance model, the more legitimate the system (trust), and the more legitimate a system, the more accountable elected officials. Therefore, it recommends reforming the institutional setup of decentralization by having districts, instead of provinces, as the building block of decentralization.

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 06 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Applied Physics
Effect of Gas Mixing Ratio on Energy Band Gap of Mixed-Phase Titanium Dioxide Nanostructures Prepared by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering Technique

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
دراسة منهجية للوفيات في كتاب (التاريخ الباهر في الدولة الأتابكية بالموصل) لأبن الأثير (ت 630هـ -1232م)

للدراسات التاريخية أهميتها ولاسيما دراسة المؤلفات الذي يعطينا صورة كاملة عن تطور الواقع التاريخي للمرحلة التي عاصرها المؤلف وتكتب دراسة الشخصيات العلمية طابعاً خاصاً ومهم يدفعنا إلى التعريف بالمؤرخ ومنهجه في الكتاب والموارد التي استقى معلوماتهِ منها . 

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 11 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
Directorial Vision Between The Closed And Open In The Iraqi Theater Space

This research deals with the concept of space in the theatrical performance and how the director works between two different spaces, the closed space and the open space. The question was how to use space according to the director's vision in the presentation. The problem of the research was whether the director of the Iraqi filmmaker could see the variable in the architectural space Or the place or space within the exhibition between open and closed, through the formation of the vision of the external components of intellectual and aesthetic and aesthetic, and impact on the relationship between the actor and the recipient to produce a new aesthetic space, and then the purpose of research and importance and limits and terminology The seco

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measure and evaluate the return and risk formulas of Islamic Finance: Empirical study of the state of Jordan Islamic Bank and Islamic Arab International Bank

    The study aims to measure and evaluate the return and the risk formulas of Islamic finance of Jordan during the period (2000 – 2009) according of increasing  importance of these banks in recent and coming years to face challenges to maximize returns and minimize risks through financing with  Islamic formula to investigate of existence statistical significant  relationship between returns and risking Islamic bank , has been use of financial other statistical  measurement. Measuring return and risk of Islamic banks have not been widely considered ,except in few descriptive studies . The controversy among academic and professionals about hot to measure and evaluate a comprehe

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 06 2025
Journal Name
Adab Al Rafidayn
The State of the Practical Application by Students at Department of Information and Technology and Libraries/ Institute of Administration-Al-Rusafa: A Developmental Evaluative Study

Practical application is an effective tool for preparing qualified scientific and technical cadres if applied correctly and efficiently. In addition to being the complementary part of everything that has been studied in the years of study, it is a scientific linking tool between theory and application. Here lies the importance of this research in clarifying the central and important role that practical application plays in general in raising the scientific level of the student, and the extent of the suitability of the curriculum and means of practical application and the extent and needs of the students applying at the Institute of Administration - Rusafa - Department of Information Technology and Libraries. This research attempted to answe

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Identifying the leading sector in the Iraqi economy through the interrelationships between sectors - applied research

 

   Analyzing the size of the interrelationships between the main economic sectors in the Iraqi economy is an important necessity to know the impact of each sector on other economic sectors on the basis of the interrelationships and reciprocity between them, and what these relationships have achieved in terms of enhancing development and increasing the gross domestic product. To achieve the objectives of the study, we relied on mathematical (quantitative) analysis using user-product tables. Issued by the Ministry of Planning / Central Bureau of Statistics and Research (Directorate of National Accounts) for the economic sectors that make up the Iraqi economy. The study conc

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2008
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The role of Japan in the reconstruction of Iraq

The Role of Japan in the Reconstruction of Iraq 

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 03 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The development of relations between Kuwait and the Soviet Union (1961-1991)

This study examines the relationships between Kuwait and the Soviet Union from 1961 to 1991, chiefly by analyzing not only the factors that drove Kuwait to form diplomatic relationships with Moscow in 1963 but also how domestic, regional, and international variables affected the development of those relationships until 1991. The study presents the analytical and historical research methods used to reach its findings. Among the findings, Kuwait’s decision to forge diplomatic relationships with Moscow in 1963 indeed seems to have been driven by domestic, regional, and international factors, including Kuwait’s geographical situation, the historical background of the relationships between Kuwait and Moscow, and the structure of t

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 03 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Interchange of Sign Transformation between Locality and Universality in the Iraqi Theatre, "Romeo and Juliet in Baghdad Show" - A Model

The research deals with the interchange of the sign transformed from the universal to the local in the theatrical show through the direction processing in the production of a communicative artistic discourse and message, thus making the process of reading the speech and recognizing it by taking into account the cultural differences, customs and local rituals of each country, region, or area. The problem of the research was focused on answering the following question: What are the requirements for the sign in terms of its transformation between the universality and locality in the read-out?

               The importance of research is to determine the requiremen

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The security environment in Northeast Asia between American authority and Chinese influence

The security environment for Northeast Asia is extremely important, as it includes most of the international actors (United States of America, China, Russian Federation and Japan), which gives the nature of the interactions of these forces a special importance for the region.

Because of the multiplicity of policies and interests of the active forces in the region, the result has been an unstable regional environment where the interests of the major powers often clash repeatedly on many related issues, which is coupled with the growing efforts of many powers to adopt policies that differ from what they did in the past This resulted in different patterns of relations, which were mainly characterized by competition over regional lea

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