الخلاصة Bahraini Parliamentary Elections and their Impact on the Popular Uprising) Bahrain has a distinguished constitutional and parliamentary experience, which distinct it from the other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Its experience in this area is the second after the experience of Kuwait to establish a system of government based on modern constitutional principles. As the government presented the Constitution to the Constituent Assembly elected by people and approved in 09/06/1973. After that, it witnessed the birth of the first parliament elected by the people in 1973, but the experiment did not last long and the parliament dissolved by Prince, and didn’t determine the period of the return of the working with the terms of the Constitution governing the functioning of the legislative process in Bahrain. Since 1975, the date of the dissolution of the National Bahrain council, Bahrain witnessed a wave of protests and sit-ins condemning its policy of rejecting the modus of the government, which did not subside even after trying to find specific Council appointed by the Prince, who has the Advisory power. The events of disagreement and dissatisfaction continued by some opponents parties and personalities, which always demand the return of the 1973 Constitution, despite reforms initiated by Sheikh (Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa) in 2000, and using the National Action Charter, which some counted it as a positive step followed by other steps, that distinguished Bahrain from its neighboring Gulf countries. As a result, Bahrain has witnessed the return of the legislative elections in 2002, despite the county of the political associations which has weight in the representation of Bahrain’s street as well as some opponents figures, who tried to use any opportunity to reject and try to make their voice reach all platforms and religious media, or try to send petitions to the king himself to respond to their demands. The government's reaction about this was; indifference and tried to silence the voice of opposition by arrests or by putting the responsibility on the outside parties for all these protests and sit-ins. When these opponents parties entered the legislative elections in 2010/2006, they got a large percentage of the vote that enabled them to prove their power in the political domain. The government tries in different ways to keep equilibrium between them and the number of these parties. In the other way the government could not deny the existence or the actions of these parties, the Bahraini government must put in consideration the opponents’ popularity before doing a particular deed against them, especially as we witnessed a wave of protests and sit-ins in many Arab cities demanding change and reform. Some of these cities succeed in changing regimes as in the case of Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, and Yemen. Bahrain government should learn from all of this, and complete what it started in the field of reform and change, and not limit itself to change from the republic to the Kingdom. The change should be comprehensive and effective particularly with regard to the performance of the legislature power and the involvement of all classes of people in the process of political decision-making and improve the conditions of the poor people
The necessity of addressing global economic prosperity has garnered significant attention from recent studies and policymakers. This article analyses the effects of the digital economy, business synergies, and trade policies on the economic prosperity of China and India. The study examines the impact of political support on the digital economy, business synergies, trade policies, and global economic prosperity in China and India. The study collects data from prominent economists in India and China using questionnaires. The article utilised the SPSS-AMOS software to analyse the relationship between variables. The results showed that the digital economy, business synergies, and trade policies are positively linked to global economic prosperit
... Show MoreThis article aims to identify the views of media elites on citizen journalism, a new media genre that strays away from the foundations and ethics of professional journalism, thus calling for in-depth exploration and scrutiny into the genre and its commitment to the professional standards of journalism.
For this purpose, the researcher opted for the survey method by distributing a questionnaire to a purposive sample consisting of 407 media elites. The research is also based on Habermas' public sphere theory.
The present study discusses the problem based learning in Iraqi classroom. This method aims to involve all learners in collaborative activities and it is learner-centered method. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follow” It is hypothesized that there is no statistically significant differences between the achievements of Experimental group and control group”. Thirty learners are selected to be the sample of present study.Mann-Whitney Test for two independent samples is used to analysis the results. The analysis shows that experimental group’s members who are taught according to problem based learning gets higher scores than the control group’s members who are taught according to traditional method. This
... Show MoreThe present study discusses the problem based learning in Iraqi classroom. This method aims to involve all learners in collaborative activities and it is learner-centered method. To fulfill the aims and verify the hypothesis which reads as follow” It is hypothesized that there is no statistically significant differences between the achievements of Experimental group and control group”. Thirty learners are selected to be the sample of present study.Mann-Whitney Test for two independent samples is used to analysis the results. The analysis shows that experimental group’s members who are taught according to problem based learning gets higher scores than the control group’s members who are taught according to traditional method. This
... Show MoreIn this numerical study a detailed evaluation of the heat transfer characteristics and flow structure in a laminar and turbulent flow through a rectangular channel containing built-in of different type vortex generator has been a accomplished in a range of Reynolds number between 500 and 100,000.A modified version of ESCEAT code has been used to solve Navier-Stokes and energy equations. The purpose of this paper is to present numerical comparisons in terms of temperature, Nusselt number and flow patterns on several configurations of longitudinal vortex generator including new five cases. The structures of heat and flow were studied, using iso-contours of velocity components, vortices, temperature and Nusselt n
... Show MoreMany of researchers have written about social responsibility and business strategy and competitive advantage, and they have given particular attention to the relationship between economic and social responsibility , but what is missing in this aspect is how the economic units that use their core competencies to advance social responsibility initiatives so that they can achieve a significant competitive advantage and create value for it ?
The current research aims to verify the view that "the economic and social objectives in the long term is not contradictory in nature but complementary objectives essential", as well as make sure that the s
... Show MoreWe have found through research , that administrative institutions on the outskirts of Kufa and their management is not as important as administrative institution in place that were associated with it and subject to its control ,as it often was express power , or poor ( if true ) expression , directors of the center for the suburbs , as it became clear to our diversity of those administrative institutions and prominent role in the interest of the affairs of the people and society in all aspects of life , and are the functions and different staff from the highest authority the suburbs represented by house of representatives ( the workers ) ,then workers abscess and Al-dhaqan and not to mention for other jobs came the actions of Bhaltsier a
... Show MoreAbstract
The research aims to shed light on the extent to which the practices of performance management in achieving organizational excellence in one of the formations and the Ministry of Finance (GCT). The importance of the selection of these organizations is that they occupies a large and exceptional importance in the national economy through income redistribution add it to cover a large part of the state budget revenues, these organizations possess functionally diverse cadre of them pregnant initial certification and other senior and he fairly stable To meet this target, and on the basis of the data search exploratory researcher built model hypothesis for the search included variable impressionist and
... Show MoreThis study aims to determine the extent to which Palestinian elites use digital diplomacy to confront the Israeli narrative by exploring the motives for usage, patterns, essential digital diplomatic tools, and achieved satisfactions. The study adopted a survey methodology and employed a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 110 Palestinian political and media elites.
The study arrived at several key findings, including: Palestinian elites allocate a substantial (%67) of their efforts towards employing digital diplomacy as a response to the Israeli narrative. The foremost platforms employed for this purpose are Facebook and Twitter. The primary motivation for utilizing these digital platforms is to present
Each school of Islamic jurisprudence has principles and rules upon which the diligent work in these schools is based. This is due to the view of sanctification of these rulings, as they are divine rulings. Therefore, the goal is to reach a ruling that represents the intent of the legislator as much as possible.
Hence, these schools of thought established rules for issuing fatwas with the intention of restricting the performance of a fatwa to the hands of those who are qualified for it and have met its conditions, so they gave priority to the most knowledgeable person over others to perform the fatwa. In the Hanafi school of thought, for example, the saying of Imam Abu Hanifa (may God have mercy on him) is given precedence over others,