تعد المواطنة مبدأ ومرجعية دستورية وسياسية لا تلغي عملية التدافع والتنافس في الفضاء الاجتماعي ، نضبطها بضوابط الوطن ووحدته القائمة على احترام التنوع وليس على نفيه ، والساعية بوسائل قانونية وسلمية للافادة من هذا التنوع في تمتين قاعدة الوحدة الوطنية ، بحيث يشعر الجميع بان مستقبلهم مرهون بها ، وانها لاتشكل نفيا لمحو حياتهم ، وانما مجالا للتعبير عنها بوسائل منسجمة وناموس الاختلاف وافاق العصر ومكتسبات الح

The follower to study the markets in the Islamic Mashreq (Iraq, Persia and the country of Ma
Behind the river for the period from the reign of the Prophet Muhammad until the end of the Islamic era) to find that there
A remarkable development in the pattern, shape, planning and privatization of markets
Islamic cities and places are the main conditions for their existence, which is the mosque of the mosque
And markets, and these markets have evolved from being a space in which there are no building and no ceilings to shade them in
The places of sale and purchase to specialized markets classified according to the materials and goods produced in them
This would facilitate the task of supervising it by the market factor and

ABSTRUCT

This research aims at examining the expected gap between the fact of planning and controlling process of production at the State Company for Electric Industries and implementation of material requirements planning system in fuzzy environment. Developing solutions to bridge the gap is required to provide specific mechanisms subject to the logic of fuzzy rules that will keep pace with demand for increased accuracy and reduced waiting times depending on demand forecast, investment in inventory to reduce costs to a minimum.

The proposed solutions for overcoming the research problem has required some  questions reflecting the problem with its multiple dimensions, which ar

It is no secret that the prophets speech is of great importance, as the second source of Islamic legislation after the Holy Quran, and as such we must reserve and verify the authenticity of the novel and the narrators seizure, and all the conditions laid down by the scholars.

The subject of our research here concerns part of this verification, which is the unknown, the subject of the unknown hadith is considered a matter of great interest by the modernists because it relates to the validity of the novel and the narrators, and the methods of the modernists varied in terms of the reasons for this weakness, the fool never entertained them by the reckless narrative.

I chose the subject of my research the types of Mahjail and

Allah Almighty has aggrandized the position of orphans and elevated their status in the society and has given the graces for those who sponsor the orphan and care for and protecting them, even those who rub their heads. The divine care is manifested in the verses of the Holy Bible and the Holy Quran. Therefore, the whole world cared for the orphan, and called for the rights of the orphans in the conferences and the channels. But all that was little effort that does not meet what the orphan need and some were only ink on paper that were not applied. All that mentioned above is necessary in dealing with the study (the rights of orphans in the Old Testament and Islam, a Comparative Study). The study was divided into a Preface and four inquirie

In pre- Islamic poetry, there are a lot of words that indicate
peacefulness of one sort of another, in addition to the inspirations of semantic
modeling in which the poet sets himself in various horizons.
Among these words: brother, comrade, friend, companion, lover,
people, prince, home, land, country, blessing, honesty, contract, company,
justice, thankfulness, forgiveness, pardoning, guest, goodness, faithfulness,
silence, death, peace,….
In addition, there are their derivatives from various aspects that indicate
peacefulness either directly or indirectly.

يتناول البحث اثر درجة جسامة الخطأ في المسؤولية المدنية من حيث التعويض ومدى الخذ بفكرة التعويض العادل بجانب فكرة التعويض الكامل

The contemporary ideas were characterized by the abundance and diversity of their knowledge, human and conceptual production, the strategy is both a general and a detailed framework covering all design disciplines both inside and outside the field of architecture. From here, many of these terraces emerged from fields outside the field of architecture, but soon moved to form an important nerve within the field of architecture. Hence the need to define a more comprehensive framework for studying one of the concepts that can frame the framework, namely the concept of "Alliteration", and its adoption as an architectural design strategy aimed at giving the resulting form a feature of rhetoric. So the research highlighted the

Abstract:

               The aim of the research is to verify the role of organizational trust as an “administrative” dimension of objective importance in the relationships adopted by the Iraqi General Insurance Company with customers, as it is one of the basic pillars in building and succeeding companies, which allows the provision of services with high confidence through the customer relationship management system in order to achieve The company's goal is to gain new customers, retain current customers, increase work in insurance companies, and develop the national economy by increasing the company's sales and profitability. The research

Solid state blue laser source is a solid state laser include generation of IR laser light 1064 nm and companied with other wavelength 810 nm that invented from other active medium (Tm:ZBLAN) and non-linear crystal (CLBO) are used to generate fourth harmonic of the resultant wavelength 1874 nm that is blue laser light of 460nm. Several optical component have been designed by multilayer dielectric structure and anti reflection coating analysis. By using MATLAB soft ware, the simulation done and used the following non linear material (ZrO2, HfO2, MgO, SiO, Ta2O5 CaF2) and other linear material (ZnO, MgF2, GaAs, AlAs, BaF2, LiF, TiO2) as coating material. The result showed that as more quarter wave layers are added to the structure, the refl