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Criticism and study of Al-Bandari's Arabic translation of the story Bigan and Manijeh by Shahnameh Ferdowsi: نقد و بررسی ترجمه¬ی عربی بنداری به داستان بیژن و منیژه از شاهنامه¬ی فردوسی
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      Among Persian poets and literary works, Ferdowsi and Shahnameh have a distinctive and prominent place. Since the 5th  C. AH , they took the interest of all Persian language and literature scholars and were one of the first books to be translated into different languages including Arabic by Al Fatih Bin Ali Bin Mohammed Al-Bandari in  the year of (620)AH  .Because it was completed in the early 7th C. AH and in terms of antiquity, there is no older copy than  of Al-Bandari’s version  which holds great value in the analysis of  Shahnameh other different copies.

      To find out the how far analogy goes, the present paper makes a general comparisons of  Bijan and Manijeh in Shahnameh Ferdowsi main story text based on the copy of  Professor Jalal Khaliqi Mutlaq and  of Al-Bandari translated text which is corrected  by Professor Abdul Wahab Azzam and published in Egypt.

- چکیده

در میان شعرا و آثار ادبی فارسی ، فردوسی و شاهنامه تمایز و اهمیت خاصی دارند و از قرن پنجم هجری تا امروز همیشه مورد توجه متخصصان و علاقه­مندان زبان و ادبیات فارسی بوده­اند. این رویکرد باعث شد شاهنامه در زمره­ی اولین کتاب­هایی قرار گیرد که به زبان­های مختلف دنیا از جمله زبان عربی ترجمه شود. همچنین ترجمه­ی عربی شاهنامه­ی فردوسی که توسط الفتح بن علی بن محمد اصفهانی معروف به "بنداری" در سال (620 هـ.ق) ترجمه شده ، مورد توجه متخصصان و علاقه­­مندان زبان و ادبیات فارسی قرار گرفته است ، و به علت این که این اثر در ابتدای قرن هفتم هجری به پایان رسید ، از نظر قدمت ، نسخه قدیمی­تری از این نسخه که توسط بنداری ترجمه شده ، شناخته نمی­شود. بنابراین ، این ترجمه در نقد نسخه­های مختلف شاهنامه از ارزش بالایی برخوردار است.

روش تحقیق ما در این مقاله مبتنی بر مقایسه­ای عمومی میان متن اصلی داستان بیژن و منیژه در شاهنامه­ی فردوسی بر اساس نسخه­ی استاد جلال خالقی مطلق و متن شاهنامه از ترجمه بنداری تصحیح استاد عبدالوهاب عزام چاپ مصر است ، تا بدانیم تا چه حدی ترجمه با اصل نزدیک است.

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Tue Jan 02 2018
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Textual thresholds and its Aesthetic in history: "Mamo Zain" by its author, the famous Kurdish poet Sheikh Ahmad Al-Khani, deceased (1118 AH / 707 AD), translated by Sheikh Dr. Muhammad Saeed Ramadan al-Bouti. Research on the connotation and manifestations of interconnection
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Wed May 28 2025
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Despite scholars’ attention on the typology of modality as a linguistic phenomenon, yet the use of modality across varieties of English is not well visible in communication-based researches that take semantics, pragmatics and discourse issues as the objects for their investigation. The paper generates its data from six M. A. dissertations from Nigerian University and equal number of the M. A. dissertations from Iraqi University to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the contextual use of modality within the pragmatic perspective. The data analysis reveals that modality such as usuality, potentiality, necessity, probability and obligation in the dissertations encapsulates interpersonal and authorial voice in which the mean

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