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Cultural Diversity in Native and Non-Native Speakers of English Communication
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With the advancement of technology ,the study of  cross-cultural communication via on line  has become  an important and researchable topic in linguistic theory and its applications.The  aims of  this study are two- fold (a)  exploring the influence of cultural diversity on on-line interaction between American  native  speakers (NSs) and  Iraqi non-native speakers (NNSs) of English which, together with other factors might potentially lead to what Thomas(1983) calls  "pragmatic failure" (PF), a main cause of communication breakdowns  and (b) specifying  which  type of PF  occurs more frequently between the two groups along with the reasons behind such failures. To achieve these objectives , a number of online chats conducted between (10)  American speakers of English and (8)  Iraqi graduate students of English were collected and analyzed on the basis of  Thomas' (1983) division of PF in an attempt to verify the assumption that pragmatic failure is a result of cultural diversity between the two groups of participants.Results  revealed that the cultural differences between the two groups  could be a major cause of misunderstanding ie. PF., a finding which can be  of value to  textbook designers and teachers of English as a foreign language (FL)who are required to improve students' pragmatic ability in classroom by focusing  not  only on their grammatical competence but also on their pragmatic competence.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Teaching and Education manners in Islamic legacy
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Learning education in the Islamic legacy vision considers a completed The Islamic learning education took its bases from origins of Quran and honored prophet Suna , and stressed on education child a good education and providing him with principles of religion and semantic moral values and Messenger (peace on him) considers the higher example for man in his moral, behavior and goodness and witness on this Higher God said

(you had in God Messenger a good leadership for those were requesting God and last day and mentioned God a lot). Al- Ahzab Surah :21. learning education converts man from religion to another and from culture to another and teacher left his signs on the generation if he accept or refuse.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 20 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Form and content in book covers designs
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   Despite the development in the fields of communication and informatics, the book remains its distinguished presence and popular popularity as it is the oldest means to obtain knowledge, addressing the vast majority of society in different levels and levels of knowledge and culture. The design of the cover book portal and the structure of semolina semantic including the elements of construction and typography contribute to the activation of the relationship between form and content, and here lies the importance of this relativity and its role in enhancing the communicative dimension of the design of the book cover, and cast a shadow on the promotional and marketing effectiveness. Hence the importance of research, but the prob

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Discipline in the classroom (problems and solutions)
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Research Summary

First: the problem of research and its importance

      The teacher's success in facilitating the students' learning and growth according to the educational and educational goals set out, he must identify the problems of discipline of students in the classroom in terms of sources and reasons and types and methods of prevention and treatment and the teacher to remember that success in his teaching and instruction is not completed more fully once he has the information And knowledge of the subject of the lesson, but must understand the dynamics of the group (class group) and master the skills of classroom management, su

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 31 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Child custody and protection In Islamic jurisprudence
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Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our Master Muhammad and upon all his family and companions:
And then: What most concerns rational people and reformers in the modern era is the moral deviation and delinquency that dominates childhood, due to family disintegration and the lack of discipline of most societies according to the religious and moral motives called for by the heavenly messages, especially Islam, which is the final message and guarantees the reform of people in life. Every time and place.
Islam has drawn attention to this issue (childhood) and made it the focus of its consideration, considering that the child is the nucleus of society and the preparation for the future, so it ordered that

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2007
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Fuzzy Logic and its Application in Linguistics
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The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the concept of fuzzy logic ,its application in linguistics ,especially in language teaching and the fuzziness of some lexical items in English.
Fuzziness means that the semantic boundaries of some lexical items are indefinite and ideterminate.Fuzzy logic provides a very precise approach for dealing with this indeterminacy and uncertainty which grows (among other reasons) out of human behavior and the effect of society.
The concept of fuzzy logic has emerged in the development of the theory of fuzzy set by Lotfi Zadeh(a professor of computer science at the university of California) in 1965.It can be thought of as the application side of the fuzzy set theory. In linguistics, few scholars

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Crops and Ecological Series of Crops Placement
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The accumulation of toxic elements in vegetables and melons grown in agriculture, Brassica rapa - turnip, Solanum lycopersicum - tomato, Citrullus lanatus - watermelon, Capsicum annuum - bell pepper, Daucus carota - carrots, Cucurbita pepo - pumpkin, Cucumis melo - melon, and also Prunus armeniaca - apricot from fruit trees were analyzed. The excess of maximum allowable concentrations in agricultural crops of the element As by 1.65-1.75, Cd - 1.6-2.3, Cr -1.2-2.35, Cu -1.6-3.3, Ni - 1.16-3.53, Pb - 1.54-3.08, Al - 1.36-3.5, Sb - 2.0-33, Se - 1.1-3.3 times was established. The maximum allowable concentration of mercury in vegetables and melons was equal to 0.02 mg/kg,

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Manifestations of Selfhood and Otherness in Indian Schools of Photography: رشا اكرم موسى
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The current research addressed (the manifestations of selfhood and otherness in Indian schools of photography) through studying the concept of selfhood and otherness and their manifestations in Indian miniatures scenes for the period (1625-1790). The researcher, in the first chapter, sought to clarify the research problem, importance, and the need for it, in addition to the objective of the study represented by the following: "how did selfhood and otherness manifest in the Indian schools of photography?". The researcher, then, concluded the aforementioned chapter by defining the terms that have direct relation to the title and the objectives of the research. As for the second chapter, it consists of an overview for the theoretical framew

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A Multimodal Analysis of Hyperbolic Devices in Advertisements of Health and Beauty Products
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         This paper examines the use of one of the most common linguistic devices which is hyperbole. It shows how hyperbolic devices are used as an aspect of exaggeration or overstatement for an extra effect in which the speaker can use hyperbole to add something extra to a situation in order to exaggerate his idea or speech. It is, like other figures of speech, used to express a negative or positive attitude of a specific unit of language. Thus, this paper is set against a background of using hyperbole concerning two main fields (advertisements and propaganda). So, the use of hyperbole will be implied by analyzing them concerning their meaning) literal and non-literal).  Methodology of this

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Study of the imperatives of promoting financial inclusion in Iraq: Opportunities and challenges
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The aim of the research is to provide an analytical study to promote financial inclusion in Iraq by clarifying the opportunities and challenges of the economic and demographic situation in Iraq, studying the structure of the financial system and introducing non-bank financial institutions operating in Iraq, and using the descriptive approach. Analytical in the study of the phenomenon of research, the research reached a number of conclusions, the most prominent of which were:

  • Iraqi society is a young society.
  • The majority of the population is 70 percent. They live almost in urban areas.
  • The coverage of bank branch networks is concentrated in only four provinces, leaving other provinces outside financial

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2012
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Issues of Iraqi Photojournalists Working in Local and Foreign Institutions in Iraq: Iraqi Photojournalists Association - Case Study 2012
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The issues of journalists and media employees in general and photojournalists in particular have become important issues, especially as those issues are closely linked to the success or failure of the media process.

This research deals with (the issues of Iraqi photojournalists working in local and foreign institutions in Iraq - a case study in 2012), because of the ambiguity in identifying those issues, which focused on the issues of this research.

This was done through the research community of members of the Association of Iraqi photojournalists in Baghdad exclusively of (64) photographers and television photographers to identify the problems encountered in their work

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