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The use of Arabic-Islamic Theme in The Stories of Western writers: El empleo del material árabe-islámico en las historias de los escritores occidentales
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This article presents and  explores the theoretical aspect in the use of Arab Islamic theme by the western writers to obtain and achieve individual motives. In this study the model for the theory of Arab presence in Andalusia  , through the book entitled “ Alhamra” by the English writer Washington Erving ,was  analyzed.

The most important results in this research: the success of  the author in the employment of the Islamic history in the formation of the first American legend, Columbus legend, through the selection of the right thoughts to establish his American National theory.  The author compared between the Andalusia experience and the Arab occupation to Spain and the American conquest of the new continent. This comparison is based on the  Fight and Building theory. The Arab occupation of Spain came as a result of the weakness and deterioration of Europe . During the occupation time, Arabs built a civilization which was remarkable for its scientific and cultural excellence. Erving exploits this experience to justify the appearance of the United States on the expense of the aboriginal people.  

The writer  holds comparison between the Moriscos, the Muslims of Spain who were a mixture of Arabs, Berbers, and Spanish people, and the new nation which was born in America . Then he points out the past of the  disunited Arabs at the late period of their Andalusian state  to warn the American of his time from disunity and sectarianism , and the absence of the heroic leadership. In both cases he exploits the Islamic Arab history not to serve the contemporary Arabs but to form  the American self-image.

Resumen

Este artículo trata de presentar o revelar el aspecto teórico del uso del material árabe- islámico por parte de escritores occidentales con el objetivo de lograr motivos individuales, motivos que merecen ser seguidos y estudiados y que luego analizamos; como ejemplo, la teoría de la presencia árabe- islámica en el Al-Ándalus de Washington Irving en su libro Alhambra.

Los resultados más importantes de la investigación son: El éxito de Washington Irving en el uso de la historia islámica para formular el primer mito estadounidense, el mito de Colón al elegir las ideas correctas para realizar su teoría nacional estadounidense, el escritor comparó entre la experiencia de Al-Ándalus y la ocupación de los árabes a España y la ocupación de los primeros americanos al nuevo continente y esta comparación que apoya a la teoría de la lucha y la construcción, la ocupación de los árabes llegó a España en un momento de debilidad y decadencia en Europa y durante el período de ocupación o conquista árabe, los árabes construyeron la civilización árabe caracterizada por la superioridad cultural y científica y era la mediadora en Europa a la edad del Renacimiento. Esta experiencia es una forma de justificar la construcción de los Estados Unidos en  la tierra de población indígena, por lo tanto el escritor comparó entre los moriscos (musulmanes de España), que son mezclas de árabes, bereberes, españoles y la nueva población que nació en Estados Unidos. Luego, hace escritor una referencia al pasado de la decadencia y la división de los árabes en los últimos días del Estado musulmán en Al-Ándalus, advirtiendo a los estadounidenses de su era de la división, la fragmentación, el sectarismo y la ausencia de un liderazgo heroico. En ambos casos, la historia islámica árabe se emplea no para servir a los árabes contemporáneos, sino para formar la imagen del yo estadounidense.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Graphic narrative and its semantic value in the designs of the incident of the Taff: رغد فتاح راضي
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The concept of narration stems from the connotation of continuous communication through which narration is manifested as a message that is exchanged between the sender and the recipient, and that narration is an educational conceptual necessity, representing the philosophy of intellectual inclusion achieved in a direct speech to the mind, but it is encapsulated in a colorful frame that attracts the soul and attracts attention, and the graphic narration is a speech A visual based on the basis of interference and sequence of the event in weaving the elements in a consensual way through a continuous communication process that begins with the embodiment of an event - an important event - to the recipient, in which an intellectual employment

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of analytical procedures in enhancing confidence AndCredibility of the financial statements presented to the Tax Administration
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The research aims to Measuring the auditors' commitment with the analytical procedures of the economic units of the research sample in carrying out their professional duties and the importance of this commitment to the tax administration and the extent of their reliance on the external auditor's report and the financial statements in determining the income tax and its effect on the tax revenues.

The research depends on a main hypothesis stating that "The use of analytical procedures by the external auditor has a positive impact on the availability of confidence and credibility in the financial statements presented to the tax administration and has a positive impact on the tax revenues."

The resear

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Establishment of method and the development of the teaching methods in the late abbissid period and it s impact on the contemporary leading methods
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Every researcher must say that the world in continually progress toward the best and that
the Arab and Islamic civilization had produced much of systems and virtuous educational
practices which raised from Islamic heritage. This nation was not isolated from external
world, but it was made a clear active for promote the banner of other nations which entered
under her influence to promote Islamic banner and Muslims. Consequently also Muslims are
affected and influenced, this resulted a clear impact in the civilization and educational
ideology especially in the contemporary teaching methods.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Prevalence of Parasites in the Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in Zakho City, Kurdistan-Iraq
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Pigeons have accompanied humans since ancient time because they are used as a source of food, pets, hobby, and religious symbols. Pigeons have shown high prevalence rate of infection with gastrointestinal helminths and protozoan. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of parasitic infections in the domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) from October, 2017 to April, 2018, purchased from bird market of Zakho City, Kurdistan region. The samples were taken from 50 adult pigeons (28 males and 22 females). The birds were transferred to Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Zakho University. In the laboratory, each bird was sacrificed and immediately the feather and skin of under wings, chest and the rest of the

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Impact of Creative Thinking Skills in Administrative Leadership style " Field research in the Medical City " *
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 This research aims at to identify the extent to which creative thinking skills Impact the change &development of Administrative Leadership styles In Administrative Leadership of the Medical City Department. Identify the nature of the relationship between them, determine the prevailing leadership style, &measure the level of creative thinking skills they have. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the descriptive analytical method was adopted.

The research tool consisted of a questionnaire consisting of (61) paragraphs, in addition to the interview & observation. The research sample consisted of (170) administrative leaders in the upper &middle organizational levels. The

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 23 2023
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
أثر اللهجات العربية في إغناء ظاهرة الإتباع الحركي
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       In research it is an important phonemic change for the speaker to reach Ease and lightness ,wich is the kinetic follow-up , and we tried to collect the scattered matter in the various dialects.
it is studied with the ancient and modern Showing the occurrence of this term between both sides Then we clarified the phoneme explanation for this phenomenon

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 26 2022
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
أثر اللهجات العربية في إغناء ظاهرة الإتباع الحركي
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       In research it is an important phonemic change for the speaker to reach Ease and lightness ,wich is the kinetic follow-up , and we tried to collect the scattered matter in the various dialects

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 06 2014
Journal Name
دراسات دولية
العوامل الداخلية والخارجية للتغيير السياسي في المنطقة العربية
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لقد شهدت المنطقة العربية تحولات وتغييرات شاملة انطوت على عنصري المفاجأة من حيث التوقيت، وانعكاساتها الاقليمية والدولية، إذ اجتاحت الدول العربية ثورات شعبية احدثت جملة من التغيرات والتبدلات الجيوسياسية، اذ استطاع بعضها اقتلاع انظمة حاكمة كان من غير المتصور ان تتزحزح من مكانها مع تسلحها بكل ادوات العصر من القمع والديكتاتورية الاستبداد، لذا كان للطابع الشعبي السلمي والنجاح الذي تحقق للشعوب العربية كما في م

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 07 2019
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
دور دورا للغة العربية في العالم الرقمي والانترنيت
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     تزداد أهمية وجود اللغة العربية على الشبكات الحاسوبية مع توجه المجتمع نحو مجتمع المعلومات, ونحو الاقتصاد المبني على المعرفة. ويصطلح عالمياً على هذا الوجود بكلمة المحتوى, فكيف يمكن أن نزيده

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Zur Opposition restriktiv/nichtrestriktiv im Hocharabischen und im Deutschen
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This paper deals with the restrictive/nonrestrictive relative clauses in German and Arabic. I will, first of all, be concerned with some theories that have been provided to define the restrictive and the nonrestrictive relative clauses, particularly with the phonetic hypothesis. It will be, then, shown that the phonetic aspect is unable to give clear answers in this respect. The best way to determine restrictivity in both languages is, I think, by implementing of semantic indicators.

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