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ההשגה על טקסטי התנ"ך ביצירות סופרים עבריים פרופ. עוזר ד"ר. עדנאן שביב ג'אסם
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תקציר

העיון הזה מדבר על דבר ההשגה על הטקסטים המקראיים בידי כמה מסופרים ופילוסופים יהודים אשר הושפעו מהרעיונותיהם של הפילוסופים האירופיים מחד גיסא, ואת הרעיונות של ההשכלה מאידך גיסא. היהודים היו חיים בבידוד, ותחת השליטה של הרבנות (רבנים) שהייתה שליטה מוחלטת. כבר העבודה של הרבנות מאז ימי קדם להעלות רעיונות במוחם של היהודים בתור העם הנבחר, והם מעולים ועדיפים על בני אדם. הם כל כך מסתמכים על פסוקים מהתורה, ולפרש בהתאם למה שמשרת הרעיונות והגישות שלהם.  זו היתה ההנהגה היהודית, לעומת זאת, הרבנות במשך מאות שנים הצליחה לגבש במוחם של היהודים רעיונות אלה שאין להם שום קשר עם המציאות, ועוד לא הגיוניים ולא רציניים. הרעיון של כפיפות של העםים כלפי היהודים לעבוד למען ההנאתם נחשבים מהרעיונות שהיהודים מאמינים ברצינותם למשל בפסוק המקרא האומר: (עשיו, גבר שיודע ודייג ושדה, יעקב יושב אוהלים) (בראשית 24.27)

לאחר הופעת רעיונות ההשכלה והתפשטותם בין הקהילה היהודית ופעתה של הספרות העברית המודרנית, שהכיל את עקרונות ההשכלה החלו סופרים ונלחמו למתוח ביקורת על המסורת העברית וההתעמות עם תנועות דתיות ואנשי דת יהודים, שרבים מהם ניסו לעשות שינויים בחיים ולהעלות את הסיסמה של ההתבוללות. למרות קדושת טקסטים דתיים עם היהודים אך הסופרים המשכילים ביקרו אותם בגלל חוסר רצינות וחוסר ההתאמה עם המציאות שמראה דבר אחר, וזה בגלל מצב היהודים העלוב והנסיבות שאפפו אותם באותה תקופה לכן סופרים רבים המרמרו מטקסטים מקראיים במיוחד אלה מרגיעים ויועדים כי היהודים יהיו בחיים נוחים ויפים. לכן, חלק מן הסופרים סירבו את רעיונות אלה, שנחשבו לסיבה שהיהודים אינם מסוגלים לבצע את המטרות שלהם, על כן השיגו בחריפות וביקרו אותם בעוקצנות, כדי לעורר את העם היהודי לעבוד ברצינות ולהשתען על סמכות הששכל ולדחות שלטון החכמים. גם  לשחרר את היהודים מהרעיונות הקדומות הבורים.

Abstract

      This study deals with biblical texts resistance by expressed some Jewish writers and philosophers who were influenced by the ideas of European philosophers, and the ideas of the Enlightenment. Jews were living in isolation, and under the control of the Rabbinate (rabbis) had total control.

      Religious Scholars have been working since a long time to instill ideas in the minds of Jews as being the chosen people, and that they are distinguished and superior to humans. So they relied on verses from Torah, and interpreted tham according to what serves their ideas and approaches. It was the Jewish leadership, however, the Religious scholars for centuries managed to consolidate in the Jews mind these ideas that have no connection with reality, being logical and unserious. The idea of subordination of nations to them and work for their own pleasure that considered earnestness ideas that believe in the Bible's verse that says, for example: (Esau, a man who knows hunting and field, Jacob dwelt in tents) (Genesis 24.27 (

After the advent of the Enlightenment and the spread between the Jewish community and the bleating of Modern Hebrew literature, which contained the principles of the Enlightenment, writers fought to criticize the Jewish tradition and to confront religious movements and religious Jews. Many of them tried to make changes in life and raise the slogan of assimilation. Despite sanctity of religious texts by Jews, the educated writers criticized and refused them due to the lack of seriousness and reality, and that's because of the situation of Jews poverty and similar surrounding circumstances. Therefore, some of the writers refused the ideas that considered the reason that made them unable to achieve their aims, and objected strongly and criticized them sarcastically, to provoke the Jewish people to work seriously and rely on the authority of reason and reject the religious authority, and free people from the old-fashioned ideas.

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Tue Sep 01 2020
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Two-Stage Classification of Breast Tumor Biomarkers for Iraqi Women
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The theme of the Abbasid Caliph and their children great interest in the knowledge and effective not only in the history of civilization but in the history of the humanity and the sublime values. Their interest and care for the scholar ulamaa and rendering help and encouragement by their caliphs were keen for science and knowledge because whatever the scholars have a status they cannot give help without and knowledge and the practice of their role in the interest and the care

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Tue Sep 15 2020
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Impact of Cranbrook on Graphic Design: راقي صباح نجم الدين
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  Empirical research in the disciplines of art and design has started to escalate and gather consideration within the academic community over the past few decades. However, still, graphic design tends to be a topic extremely under-researched by scholarly persons. Profound research in the field of graphic design extends far beyond the works produced by the designer himself (Khoury, 2009, p.844). In order to develop a clear insight, one needs to delve deep into the subcategories that the diverse field of graphic design is comprised of, including illustration, typography, interaction design, branding and even the impact of notable, eminent institutes from around the world that have taken the budding artists for quite a long time (Walke

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The political and economic repercussions of the Chinese Marshall Plan on the Arab world
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Performance Comparison of Different Advanced Control Schemes for Glucose Level Control under Disturbing Meal
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An Analysis on the Applicability of Meta-Heuristic Searching Techniques for Automated Test Data Generation in Automatic Programming Assessment
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Automatic Programming Assessment (APA) has been gaining lots of attention among researchers mainly to support automated grading and marking of students’ programming assignments or exercises systematically. APA is commonly identified as a method that can enhance accuracy, efficiency and consistency as well as providing instant feedback on students’ programming solutions. In achieving APA, test data generation process is very important so as to perform a dynamic testing on students’ assignment. In software testing field, many researches that focus on test data generation have demonstrated the successful of adoption of Meta-Heuristic Search Techniques (MHST) so as to enhance the procedure of deriving adequate test data for efficient t

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