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Plain Language Movement and Legal Translation : An Analytical Study of Two Translations of a Contract of Lease from Arabic into English
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The present paper addresses one of the most challenging topics in translation; namely legal translation in the framework of two different approaches; the classical (formal) and the more recent (functional). The latter approach is the outcome of the process of simplifying legal language known technically as Plain Language Movement. The advent of this movement dates back to the 1950s, in response to the widely-held complain about the awkwardness of the legal register. Within this framework, the salient features of legal language, at the various linguistic and textual levels, underwent reconsideration in favor of more publicly digested expressions. The paper then subjects two translations of a lease contract to analysis in the light of the formal/functional dichotomy. These two texts are taken from textbooks widely accredited to train students legal translation at the Iraqi universities. The analysis revealed that the translators did not adhere to one specific approach; rather they moved smoothly from one approach to another. This is a promising change in attitude towards the rather flexible approach, and departing from the rather static one. The paper finally suggests some guidelines for investing this new tendency in training translators who have been complaining about the rigorous nature of legal translation.

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Economic policies and their ability to reform the investment climate Case Study Iraq after 2003
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The investment climate is the main engine of economic development. If an appropriate and attractive investment climate is created that takes into account economic, administrative, political and environmental issues, it will contribute to the development of industry, transfer of technology, diversification of agricultural production, increased productivity, the promotion of a green economy and support for sustainable and inclusive growth. Thus, analyzing the investment climate of a country can provide reasons and roots for the complexity of the problems in the economy. In the Iraqi economy, the problem has not been rooted in the economy, but the roots of the problem are deeper and inherent in the management of the economy. Investm

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Publication Date
Sat May 08 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of The Romanian Society For Cell Biology
Sequencing of IL-10 Gene Promoter for -592 (A/C) and -1082 (A/G) Positions in Iraqi Children Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
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We studied the relationship between DNA sequencing of interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene promoter for -1082 (A/G) and -592 (A/C) positions with the concentration of IL-10 in blood serum of Iraqi children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Fifty blood serum samples collected from children with age ranged between 7-12 years. Thirty-five blood samples collected from patient children with T1D, and compared with 15 healthy children age matched as control sample. The results revealed decreasing in anti-inflammatory IL-10 concentration in T1D patient’s blood serum (0.068 Pg/ml) as compared with the control sample (0.111 Pg/ml). No significant differences were found in interleukin concentration between the studied samples when they analyzed with the M

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 07 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
Automatic brain tumor segmentation from MRI Images using superpixels based split and Merge algorithm
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RA Ali, LK Abood, Int J Sci Res, 2017 - Cited by 2

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Publication Date
Wed May 17 2017
Journal Name
Helminthologia
Baylisascaris procyonis roundworm infection patterns in raccoons (Procyon lotor) from Missouri and Arkansas, USA
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Summary<p> Baylisascaris procyonis is a helminth parasite of raccoons Procyon lotor and represents a health concern in paratenic hosts, including humans and diverse domestic and wildlife species. In North America the helminth is expanding its geographic range. To better understand patterns of infection in the Ozark region of the USA, raccoons (n = 61) were collected in 2013-2014 from five counties in Missouri and Arkansas, USA and necropsied. We documented B. procyonis in all surveyed locations. The overall prevalence of B. procyonis was 44.3 % (95 % CI = 31.9 - 57.4) and was significantly higher in females than males. There were also significant differences in prevalence among raccoons sampled </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Chlorpyrifos Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Emulsion Liquid Membrane – Stability, Extraction, and Stripping Studies
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Sumer 1
Biologically synthesized Copper Nanoparticles from S. epidermidis on resistant S. aureus and cytotoxic assay
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The risk of significant concern is resistance to antibiotics for public health. The alternative treatment of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), such as heavy metals, effects on antibiotic resistance bacteria with different types of antibiotics of - impossible to treat using noval eco-friendly synthesis technique nanoparticles copper oxide (CuO NPs) preparation from S. epidermidis showed remarkable antimicrobial activity against S.aureus Minimum inhibitory concentra range (16,32,64,256,512) µg/ml via well diffusion method in vitro, discover those concentrations effected in those bacteria and the best concentration is 64 µg/ml, characterization CuO NPs to prove this included atomic force microscope, UV, X-ray Diffraction and TEM, and ant

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Contemporary trends for the treatment of the prisoner in the light of the minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners
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The issue of the prisoners' rights and the way of dealing with them is not just a minor or
primary issue according to the contemporary attitudes to deal with criminals, but it is a fatal
issue that goes with the development of life and comprehension of human rights. As the
criminal is considered as a human-being who can be reformed and qualified, according to the
aims of the contemporary social service the prisoner is regarded as an idle human source who
can be reformed, treated and qualified so as to make him participate to improve his family and
society in the end.
This study aims at reconstructing the prisons bases when applying the laws of the lowest
level of treatment through the research of oppositions, atti

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Publication Date
Wed May 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Evaluation the individual's share of urban land use for the holy city of Karbala
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The research aims to analyze and evaluate the urban land use according to the needs of the current and future population by adopting the planning criteria for the holy city of Karbala. In the theoretical side, we discussed the most important concepts of urban land use planning. In the practical aspect of the study, field surveys were conducted to obtain the required information. Using the GIS program, the land uses were planned and executed, Analysis By comparing the per capita use of urban land with criteria and the production of maps.

The main findings of the study are that there is a large deficit in meeting some of the needs of the urban land uses and the basic services of the city. The research recommended that the needs of

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Pais estimator for the reliability function of the Pareto model of Type I failure
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In this paper an estimator of reliability function for the pareto dist. Of the first kind has been derived and then a simulation approach by Monte-Calro method was made to compare the Bayers estimator of reliability function and the maximum likelihood estimator for this function. It has been found that the Bayes. estimator was better than maximum likelihood estimator for all sample sizes using Integral mean square error(IMSE).

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The mediating effect of organizational innovation climate on enhancing the relationship between talent development practices and organizational performance
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The current, research, aims, to, verify, the relationship between talent development practices and organizational performance through a mediating role of creative organizational climate at the Institution of Industrial Development and Research- the Iraqi Industry Ministry. The descriptive and analytic approach was adopted as a research design. The research sample was represented by a number of managers and employees who work at the middle management level. The researchers used the questionnaire as the main method for collecting data to achieve the main research objective. It was distributed 162 questionnaires, of which 146 received; and then all of those were used on the final statistical analysis. The sample response-rate rate w

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