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Fuzzy Logic and its Application in Linguistics
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The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the concept of fuzzy logic ,its application in linguistics ,especially in language teaching and the fuzziness of some lexical items in English.
Fuzziness means that the semantic boundaries of some lexical items are indefinite and ideterminate.Fuzzy logic provides a very precise approach for dealing with this indeterminacy and uncertainty which grows (among other reasons) out of human behavior and the effect of society.
The concept of fuzzy logic has emerged in the development of the theory of fuzzy set by Lotfi Zadeh(a professor of computer science at the university of California) in 1965.It can be thought of as the application side of the fuzzy set theory. In linguistics, few scholars have dealt with this phenomenon, among them, Lakoff (1972), Labov (1973), and Aitchison (1994). Consequently, very little literature is available on this concept in linguistics. The researcher has to collect bits of information scattered in various fields of knowledge.
The paper is of three sections: section one surveys briefly some of the semantic terms which are closely related to lexical fuzziness, since it is a problem of meaning by nature, like denotation versus connotation and intension versus extension. Section two is of two main parts. The first explores in detail the emergence of fuzzy logic, shedding light on its development and the criticism to it. The second part is devoted to lexical fuzziness, trying to discover its characteristics, the reasons behind its existence in languages, its relation to other similar concepts like vagueness, its application in teaching a second language and some other related titles.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Response of Local rice cultivar to Zinc and Boron application
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Five levels of Zn-EDTA fertilizer and foliar application of boron were used to study the local rice response through studying of some vegetative and reproductive growth characters, by conducting two field experiments at Kanipanka Agricultural Research Station during the summer season of 2004 by using RCBD with three replications. Significant differences were found in studied characters, there were increase in the number of days from seeding to 50% flowering (94.330-96.233) days, from 50% flowering to physiological maturity (37.50-38.28) days, plant height (82.50-91.423) cm and LAI (5.441-7.525). Reproductive characters such as number of grains panicle-1 (74.11-85.88), number of panicles m-2 (321.00-426.083), biological yield (8166.166-11082

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jan 05 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Fabrication and characterization of porous silicon for humidity sensor application
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Porous Silicon (PS) layer has been prepared from p-type silicon by electrochemical etching method. The morphology properties of PS samples that prepared with different current density has been study using atom force measurement (AFM) and it show that the Layer of pore has sponge like stricture and the average pore diameter of PS layer increase with etching current density increase .The x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated the nanocrystaline of the sample. Reflectivity of the sample surface is decrease when etching current density increases because of porosity increase on surface of sample. The photolumenses (PL) intensity increase with increase etching current density. The PL is affected by relative humidity (RH) level so we can use

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 08 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Lebanese building law between texts, Application gaps and land scarcity
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This paper examines the gaps in Lebanese building law as well as the exploitation of contractors, stakeholders, and residents in order to make illegal profits at the expense of The Shape of urban agglomerations and their expansion in cities and rural areas, which is contrary to the principles of sustainable land development. It also emphasizes the amplification of the factors of vertical and horizontal building investments in the implementation of buildings contrary to the license, as well as the burden that this places on the city's resulting infrastructure and ability to absorb the activities and needs of its residents. The study then presents recommendations in the process of transformation in the technique of planning and application

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 15 2022
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
The Impact of Mind and Informational Strategy on the ‎Achievement of the Second Intermediate Students in the Grammar ‎of Arabic Language
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The aim of the current research is to recognizing the impact of mind and informational strategy on the achievement with the second intermediate students in the grammar of arabic language, the researcher used a partial-set experimental design and intentionally selected a sample out of the second intermediate class from (AL- Markazya Intermediate school) in the district of Hilla, affiliated which belongs to General Directorate of Babylon Education in the year (2020-2021) for applying the experiment. The sample was composed of (50) students, (25) ones for each group, the experimental group and normal one. The researcher balanced between the two groups in various changes including: (the chronological age counted by months, the academic achie

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Innovation, Creativity And Change
Responsible accounting and its role in achieving competitive advantage
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One of the management accounting tools is responsible accounting. In this system, the organisation is divided into responsibility centres that help to connect an individual performance responsible to perform through a combined system of reports according to the implementation of the mechanism of exception tools which gives assistance in planning. The exploitation of the organisation's available resources is achieved through the application of responsible accounting. Also, the best exploitation will lead to the provision of low-cost products through the disposal of all types of waste or loss during the cost centres. By providing products at a lower cost and satisfying the wishes of the needs of customers, the result reflects the competitive

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Scopus
Publication Date
Mon Jun 03 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Social Trends
Digital Literacy and Its Importance in the Modern Workforce
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Digital literacy is crucial in the modern workforce, where technology plays an integral role in daily operations. This abstract explores the significance of digital literacy in enhancing productivity, efficiency, and competitiveness in the workplace. Digital literacy encompasses the ability to use and navigate digital tools and platforms effectively, including software, applications, and online communication tools. In today's digital age, employers increasingly value candidates with strong digital skills, as they are better equipped to adapt to rapidly evolving technologies. This abstract highlights the importance of digital literacy in empowering employees to perform tasks more efficiently, collaborate seamlessly, and innovate effecti

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Suggestibility in Kindergarteners and its relation to some variables
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The childhood of the most important stages throughout the human and which have been more vulnerable to various factors surrounding it and with the scientific and cognitive development in all fields surfaced many psychological phenomena that play a large role in influencing children and their behavior trends is the susceptibility of the lure of psychological phenomena which plays a major role in the social attitudes of individuals it may not be predictable so that individuals vary in between them in terms of vulnerability Balasthoa You do this only _bl that the same individual at different influenced Balasthoa different depending on the positions and this was research to achieve its objectives and that are known:
_ alasthoa The childre

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Investment in higher education and its impact on the labor market: Applied Research in private colleges
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      Investment in high education is considered to be most important factors of production which the return an individual and social than economic returns found by searching the growing problem of unemployment, especially among youth graduates, where the unemployment rate in 2010 (50%) of these high rates have led to increased migration of scientific minds graduate recently, "to search for job opportunities outside Iraq for not hiring functions and this is in vain" clear "in the human and financial resources lead to structural imbalances in the Iraqi economy.  When calculating the correlation coefficient between the graduates and the unemployment rate where it reached (0.21) emerged from the results of

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Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Determines the application of smart tourism as an electronic commerce application in the form of B2C) to attract tourists to Saudi Arabia
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Abstract:

The study focused on the application of smart tourism as one of the applications of electronic commerce in the form of (B2C) to attract tourists to Saudi Arabia, where the tourism sector is one of the important sectors on which the Kingdom depends on the diversity of its economy.

The purpose of the research: With the issuance of tourist visas for the first time the study noted a deterioration in the case of Saudi tourist sites over the Internet, which do not live up to this great interest by the Saudi government for this sector, which became vital to them. The study tried to identify the reality of the Saudi tourist sites through the Internet in order to identify the sui

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Apr 11 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
STUDY THE MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION OF BROKEN AND CRACKED COMMERCIAL TABLE EGG IN BAGHDAD MARKETS AND ITS ECONOMIC EFFECT: STUDY THE MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION OF BROKEN AND CRACKED COMMERCIAL TABLE EGG IN BAGHDAD MARKETS AND ITS ECONOMIC EFFECT
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The aim of this novel native study was to determine the microbial contamination of broken and cracked imported commercial table egg in Baghdad markets and its economic effect. A total of 21510 commercial chicken table eggs were checked and surveyed from retail markets in different popular regions of Baghdad city during a year period from January 3rd to December 28th of 2018 and its microbial contamination were studied. Results revealed that significant differences (P<0.01) were appeared in the studied microbial counts during months of the study and significant differences (P<0.01) in the average counts between broken and cracked eggs and sound (not bro

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