إن استخدام النظم الالكترونية في القطاع المصرفي وبالخصوص نظام مقاصة الصكوك الالكترونية (ACH) في عمليات التحويل الالكتروني للاموال بين المصارف تتضمن تحويلات مالية عالية القيمة  بين  المصارف المشاركة بهذا النظام, وان اي خلل قد يحدث بالنظام يؤدي الى حالات تلاعب في مقاصة الصكوك الالكترونية في المصارف المشاركة وبالتالي حدوث عملية اختلاس, ومن هذا المنطلق تبرز مشكلة البحث في اهمية توافر برنامج تدقيق مقترح ياخ

There are many studies dealt with handoff management in mobile communication systems and some of these studies presented handoff schemes to manage this important process in cellular network. All previous schemes used relative signal strength (RSS) measurements. In this work, a new proposed handoff scheme had been presented depending not only on the RSS measurements but also used the threshold distance and neighboring BSS power margins in order to improve the handoff management process. We submitted here a threshold RSS as a condition to make a handoff when a mobile station moves from one cell to another this at first, then we submitted also a specified margin between the current received signal and the ongoing BS's received signal must be s

The problem motivation of this work deals with how to control the network overhead and reduce the network latency that may cause many unwanted loops resulting from using standard routing. This work proposes three different wireless routing protocols which they are originally using some advantages for famous wireless ad-hoc routing protocols such as dynamic source routing (DSR), optimized link state routing (OLSR), destination sequenced distance vector (DSDV) and zone routing protocol (ZRP). The first proposed routing protocol is presented an enhanced destination sequenced distance vector (E-DSDV) routing protocol, while the second proposed routing protocol is designed based on using the advantages of DSDV and ZRP and we named it as

This paper studies the oscillation properties and asymptotic behavior of all solutions of the 2×2 system of second-order half-linear neutral differential equations. Four results are obtained in this research. The first and second results are auxiliary results while the third and fourth results are main results. All possible cases of non-oscillating bounded solutions for this system are estimated and analyzed. It is noted that the parameters that affect the volatility of the solutions are Qi,Ri on the one hand and r1 and r2 on the other hand. For this purpose, and through investigation, it is shown that there are only fourteen possible cases of non-oscillating bounded solutions for this system, so all these cases must be treated, in the fir

The purpose of this research highlight the achievement of the effectiveness of small and medium enterprises dimensions and conformable to analyze the relationship between business strategies and human resources management strategies , and launched search of a dilemma thought provoking fundamental questions revolve around the search is the lack of appropriate strategies in these enterprises to help them continuity and permanence in business and markets , as these enterprises lack the human resources management strategies appropriate , as well as business strategies that make them withstand the changes in the market environment is changing and volatile . It was to

Today we are witnessing huge scientific and technical progress so we need more skills and methods of thinking that needs to be acquired by the teacher, as the importance of computers in education  there are  many teachers  suffering  of the difficulty in teaching for pupils . researchers tried to  find a good suitable way with the technological  interests for now which represent by  computer design software and the introduction of enrichment activities in the curriculum because it is one of a contemporary trends for the development of the Arabic language with various levels of education and knowing if this program has negative or positive impact.

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Some major pollutants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) those discharged as water produced (WP) from the AlAhdab oil field (AOF) in the ponds close to it may leak to the water resources around and eventually reaches the marshes which will affect its ecosystem. Thus, this work aims to track the availability of PAH in the water resources and the Main Outfall Drain (MOD) nearby. The determination of PAH was evaluated using “High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)”. The mean concentration of sixteen PAH in the produced water within the field was relatively high (0.01 to 10.89 g/ml) with standard deviations of (0.10.9). While, PAH outside the field were gradually diminishes down to (0.01-0.039) x10-2 g/ml which exceeds th

The present study aims to show the importance of ESL reading ability in acquiring English as a second language. The study involves 92 college students (males and females) from the Department of English at Nizwa College of Applied Sciences, Sultanate of Oman. They represent two groups, the foundation year students and the first year English majors. A number of tests were used to measure students’ overall proficiency in English as well as their reading ability (i.e., the ability to contribute to the main idea of the text, scanning, skimming, to derive word meanings from context, to use a dictionary to find meanings, definitions, to identify prefixes, antonyms and synonyms). Students’ ability to read was correlated to their proficiency