The developing countries can be distinguished by spatial disparities and by this a wide gap between urban and rural settlements were produced as well as the appearance of primate cities. The effect of spatial development as a dynamic and continuous process can be perceived in the state of population distribution inside settlements inter and intra regions as well as the hierarchy of urban settlements according to time series. The research proved that the improvement judgment of the structure of the urban system using Gene factor is not accurate because it cannot be accounted for the internal components of the system which make a contrariety between the whole judgment (country) and partial components (Provinces including Sulaimaniy

يتكون العالم ، أنذاك ، من دارين  - دار الإسلام حيث الأقاليم الإسلامية ودار الحربوهي بلاد المشركين الذين لا صلح بينهم وبين المسلمين ⁽¹⁾ ، أي ما خضع للعدو ضمن حدود سيادته ،  ولكن عندما يحتفظ أهالي البلاد المفتوحة صلحاً بحقوق ملكية الأرض فأنه ،على رأي الماوردي ، يصبح خراجهم جزية ولا جزية على رؤوسهم⁽²⁾ ولهم حرية تبايع أرضهم فيما بينهم أو بيعها للمسلمين أو لأهل الذمة ⁽³⁾  . ولا يمكن أن تعد أرضهم

(Thimma) in Arabic means compact, and immunity. (People of Thimma) are the free non-Muslim people under Muslim rule. This includes Heavenly Religions people, i. e., Christian and Jews).
They have been called (People of Thimma) because they had paid (Jizyah: tribute) so they became safe for their souls, honor, properties at the custody of Muslims.
Islamic law had posed (Jizyah: tribute) upon the Jews and Christians who were living under Muslim rule as a reaction of not embracing Islam Faith against securing their rights and freedom.
Freedoms secured by Islam for the (People of Thimma) had been many, including the right of faith, not coercing them to be Muslim, the right to live, to possess properties, protect and secure them, the

Contemporary researchers realized the importance of the title. Many researches and studies concerned in titles and their analyses on the structural, semantic and pragmatic levels have been developed. Title gives a vital assistance to control the text harmony and to understand its vague aspects. It is the axis which re-generates itself, grows, and re-produces itself; as if it were a head for a body.

Title has strong relation to the reader- waiting horizon, multiplies as many levels of understanding are there. The horizon of waiting is limited by the title, basically, to be the first reason for the text entrance, as the first thing attracts the reader is the title.

Approaching title scientifically and objectively is impossi

Современные исследователи газетного речи много пишу об активном использовании разговорной и даже разговорно-сниженной, жаргонной лексики в общественно-политической публицистике. Это вызвано тем, что «…в силу того контраста, который невольно возникает при соприкосновении разговорных элементов с привычно книжными словами и построениями языка газеты, они были сразу осмыслены как сильное средство созд

Praise be to God, who taught with the pen, taught man what he did not know, and may blessings and peace be upon our master Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and upon all his family and companions.
As for after......
The science of financial transactions is one of the important topics that Muslims must need at all times and places, due to its great importance in clarifying the ruling of the Shari’ah on contemporary financial issues.
The jurists, may God have mercy on them, have spoken about financial issues in all their aspects in detail, as in the Book of Sales, whether in terms of the validity of the sale, its invalidity, or its invalidity, i.e., the invalidity of the sale. Among these issues is the issue of th

The method of request is one of the important rhetorical methods used by the creator in terms of rhetorical diversification, influence, artistic aesthetics and increasing textual coherence, and we tried through a group (Which torments are inferior) by the poet Majid Al-Rubaie, to shed light on these methods and their ability, displacement, relationality, direct and advertising interactions from them, and what they broadcast From metaphorical purposes is the second image of it, after its main image and title. This cohesion and harmony between the two images is an important and influential rhetorical trend

 The internal administrative spaces of the interior designer formed an obsession for their development and for finding solutions and treatments to advance to enhance the state of adaptation for their employees by providing a healthy, appropriate and sound environment for work and production. . The first chapter focuses on laying theoretical foundations to show what health materials are used in the administrative spaces of the training directorates of the Ministry of Education in Baghdad. The second chapter dealt with the knowledge of health materials, their impact and effectiveness in the interior space, and the variables of their functional characteristics and their work in the interior spaces in a way that enhances the development of

The God Almighty prefer on the Arab nation, and entrusted to carry his message to the secular world as a whole, , gave her all necessities of life in terms of location, who are the heart in the earth's surface. From this blessed place emerged the greatest civilizations and the world has ever known for it than in human history, a four empires Alsamyat

The subject of indication is one of many subjects that the Arabic language interest in and we decide that this research which we called (Indication of the abstract and Augmented Tri verbs) in one of Al-Quran Suras which is Al-moulk to dive in the secrets and knowledge of its meanings and knowledge of its structure in terms of abstraction and increase, And the investigation of our ancient scholars of linguistics and interpreters in its meanings. The verbss were classified according to the structure in which they were presented. The research includes two sections followed by the conclusion of the research, sources and its references. The first section (the indication of the abstract Tri verbs) in the sura is divided into four branches in w