Preferred Language
Articles
/
jcolang-228
תאור השטטל ביצירות סופרים עבריים מאת עוזר לפרופ. עדנאן שביב ג'אסם Description of Shtetl in Works of Hebrew writers
...Show More Authors

מחקר זה עוסק בנושא (העיירה היהודית) שטטל ביצירותיהם של שני סופרים עבריים שהתמקדו בביקורת בשטטל. וזה נחשב להגבלה או למכשול לפיתוחם של היהודים, אז זה התרחש ביצירותיהם והם נתנו תשומת לב רבה לזה –לפי דעתם- גם זה נחשב להיבט בהיסטוריה והחיים של היהודים באירופה.

 סופרים עבריים רבים התעסקו בנושא השטטל שנהיתה לחומר ביצירותיהם. גם כן נהיתה אצל כמה מהם לשאלה חשובה, כי אם  אנו מוצאים שיצירותיהם לא נטשו את האזכור של השטטל. דבר זה צפוי למצב הפרנסה הקשה שעמד בפני היהודים בשטטלים, ובגלל המדיניות שנתנהגו על ידי הממשלים האירופיים תוך כדי לרסן את העושר והשתלטותם של היהודים על הכלכלה של אותן מדינות. דבר זה הוביל לחולשת האפשרויות הכלכליות של היהודים שהביא אותם לבורות ולסיבה הזאת הופיעו התנועות הפוליטיות כמו הציונות, תנועות התחיה הלאומית, הדתיות והתרבותיות במו ההשכלה בתחילתה. 

שלום עליכם תיאר את השטטל בסיפורים רבים מסיפוריו, הוא תיאר את מצבה ומצב האוכלוסיה היהודית שחיה בה במיוחד העשירים שתיארם בצורה מצחיקה וסטירית. שלום עליכם היה משתמש בשמות וירטואליים לשטטלים וגם לאוכלוסיה.

 סיפוריו של ברדישבסקי התענינו ביחיד המורד על המסורת בשטטל, כנושא מרכזי כמו שמצאנו בסיפוריו, סיפורים אלה עסקו במציאות השטטל ומצב היהודים איפה חיים. הוא הותאם עם שלום עליכם בשאלת הצגת המציאות היהודית בשטטלים ובכפרים היהודים, אף על פי השתנות השיטה אלא שהמטרה היא אחת, שהיא הצגת המציאות היהודית ותיאורו בטרגי לגמרי.

מההשוואה בין שני הסופרים מתברר שהשנים עסקו 

Abstract

This research deals with the subject of Shtetl (Jewish town) in the works of some Hebrew writers who focused on the criticism of this Shtetl and considered a restriction or an obstacle in front of the development of the Jews. Therefore It took space in their works and gave it great attention to it-by their point of view- considered an important part in the history and life of Jews in Europe.

Many Hebrew writers took Shtetl and was subject of their works, and has been formed the important issue, we find their works didn’t abandoned mention of Shtetl. It is likely to the living situation, which was difficult that Jews faced in these Shtetls, because the policies of European governments to reduce their wealth,  and control on the economic affairs in those countries. This affair led to the weakness of the Jew’s abilities, which led them to ignorance and illiteracy. These situations bring to appearance the political movements such as Zionism and nationalism movements, also the religious like Hasidic, and the cultural like Haskalah.

Sholem Aleichem described Shtetl by many stories and the situation of Jews in these Shtetls. He talked about the economic situation of the population Jews in these Shtetls sociality the riches that he described them with irony and satire. Sholem Aleichem named the Shtetls and their peoples with virtual names.

Berdyczewski’s stories took the recalcitrant Jew person upon Shtetl’s traditions as a central subject such as we find this issue in his stories. These stories deals with the reality of Shtetl and Jews situation where they lived. Berdyczewski’s coincided with Sholem Aleichem to view the Jewish reality in the Jewish towns, villages and Shtetls. In spite of different of the style, but the target is one to review the Jewish reality and imaging it as a tragic.

Through comparative between two writers, become clear that they dealing with Shtetl as they think. So Berdyczewski focused on the salt and destructive reality in Shtetl. Sholem Aleichem focused on the ideology, culture and economic sides. He criticized the illiterate community whose had been grasped traditions.

View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Employ GIS technology GIS in the educational process – learning
...Show More Authors

Witnessing human societies with the turn of the century atheist twenty huge revolution in information , the result of scientific and technological developments rapidly in space science and communications , and that made the whole world is like a small village not linked by road as it was in ancient times, through the rapid transportation as was the case a few years ago , thanks to the remote sensing devices that roam in space observant everything on the ground , that the information networks that overflowed the world a tremendous amount of information provided for each inhabitants of the earth , which made this information requirement for human life and human survival and well-being , as it has allowed that information to humans opportun

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Developing Crisis Management System for Construction Projects in Iraq
...Show More Authors

Construction is a complicated process that takes place in an almost uncontrollable environment. Although projects can be carefully planned in advance in principle, there is a chance that unforeseen events and crises can disrupt these plans, affecting project development. Because the initial investment expenditures in construction projects are so large, they may be quickly influenced by crises, resulting in significant financial losses. The 2014 financial crisis was one of the most prominent crises that Iraq faced, which significantly impacted various activities in general and the construction industry in particular. Despite the importance of crisis management systems, the researchers found a great lack of local studies looking at cr

... Show More
View Publication
Crossref (7)
Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Sep 02 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Studying HLA class I polymorphism in brain tumour patients
...Show More Authors

The present study aimed at shed light on the association between HLA-class I antigens (A, B and Cw) and brain tumours (meningioma and glioma) in the basis of their individual frequencies or two-locus association A total of 52 brain tumour patients were enrolled in this study, with an age range of 7-68 years. The patients were divided into two clinical groups; meningioma (20 cases) and glioma (22 cases), while the remaining 10 cases represented other types of brain tumour. Control samples included 47 Iraqi Arab apparently healthy blood volunteers, with an age range of 15-50 year. Three HLA antigens showed a significant increased frequency in total patients as compared to controls. They were B13 (34.6 vs. 6.5%), B40 (15.4 vs. 2.2%) and Cw3

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
fashion and Contrasting in the contemporary Iraqi theater show
...Show More Authors

Since its inception, the theatrical performance has been based on the principle of permanence, continuity, renewal and innovation in the structure of its visual elements. These innovations and the effectiveness of continuity cannot be achieved without searching for everything that is new and different at the level (form and content) in order to create an image with innovative and effective features in the theatrical discourse, and from Among the elements of the theatrical performance (theatrical costumes) that have been subject to variation since the beginning of the theater until now, and for this purpose, the current research was conducted with the question of the research problem: What are the variations of costumes in the contemporar

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Electrical And Computer Engineering (ijece)
Compared to wireless deployment in areas with different environmentse
...Show More Authors

<p>In the mobile phone system, it is highly desirable to estimate the loss of the track not only to improve performance but also to achieve an accurate estimate of financial feasibility; the inaccurate estimate of track loss either leads to performance degradation or increased cost. Various models have been introduced to accurately estimate the path loss. One of these models is the Okomura / Hata model, which is recommended for estimating path loss in cellular systems that use micro cells. This system is suitable for use in a variety of environments. This study examines the comparison of path loss models for statistical analysis derived from experimental data collected in urban and suburban areas at frequencies of 150-1500 MHz

... Show More
View Publication
Crossref
Publication Date
Sat May 16 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Planning Schemes for Human Settlements in the Desert Areas
...Show More Authors

Despite the vast areas occupied by deserts in the world, it is still far from the civilized development and development of the other regions, so they became semi-neglected areas that extend to the hand of urbanization only in specific places and for special purposes, due to the harsh natural conditions surrounding it and to the accuracy The ecological balance in it became the greatest enemy of human beings in the desert areas is the same person who paved the way for increased intervention in the exploitation of natural resources and increase the demand for them to drain seriously affect the impact and still on the environmental and climatic conditions and thus living for the inhabitants of these Areas. The main potential for deve

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sat Feb 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Employment and Societal Changes in Iraq Challenges and Policies
...Show More Authors

This study attempts to focus on there lation ship between employment policies andsocietal changesinIraq.Theconstruction ofoperational policyincommunitiesin crisis remains fraught with challenges and risks, especially in countries that have longoutstanding conflict sand crises, it is important in this context to achieve those policy and build the foundations of human security and poverty alleviation, unemployment, to find effective ways to help the community to achieve stability and reduce the risk of renew edorrepeat the cycleofviolence-butthatwouldrequirearadicalrethinking, including rethinking the way evaluating therisksandchallengesand management.And thatsuchaprojectshouldbe based ona clear roadmap, andthevisionsofdevelopmentanda clea

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sat Jan 02 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-nahrain University
HIDDEN FEATURES DETECTION USING HISTOGRAM MODIFICATION IN MRI IMAGES
...Show More Authors

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses magnetization and radio waves, rather than x-rays to make very detailed, cross- sectional pictures of the brain. In this work we are going to explain some procedures belongs contrast and brightness improvement which is very important in the improvement the image quality such as the manipulation with the image histogram. Its has been explained in this worked the histogram shrink i.e. reducing the size of the gray level gives a dim low contrast picture is produced, where, the histogram stretching of the gray level was distributed on a wide scale but there is no increase in the number of pixels in the bright region. The histogram equalization has also been discuss together with its effects of the improveme

... Show More
Publication Date
Tue Apr 02 2024
Journal Name
مجلة الآداب
Vietnamese Women's Participation in the Vietnam War 1964-1975
...Show More Authors

The participation of Vietnamese women in the Vietnam War has not received the attention it deserves. This research paper, presented to the conference of the Department of History/College of Arts - University of Baghdad, held on April 25, 2024, provides a comprehensive overview of the participation of North Vietnamese women in providing military and logistical support during the years of the Vietnam-American War (1964-1975). It shows the belief of Ho Chi Minh, the leader of the Vietnamese national movement, and the Hanoi government in democratic Vietnam, in the ability of North Vietnamese women to assume many new roles that were unfamiliar to Vietnamese society, as well as the factors that led to the involvement of women in the war and the r

... Show More
Preview PDF
Publication Date
Tue Jan 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Suggestibility in Kindergarteners and its relation to some variables
...Show More Authors

The childhood of the most important stages throughout the human and which have been more vulnerable to various factors surrounding it and with the scientific and cognitive development in all fields surfaced many psychological phenomena that play a large role in influencing children and their behavior trends is the susceptibility of the lure of psychological phenomena which plays a major role in the social attitudes of individuals it may not be predictable so that individuals vary in between them in terms of vulnerability Balasthoa You do this only _bl that the same individual at different influenced Balasthoa different depending on the positions and this was research to achieve its objectives and that are known:
_ alasthoa The childre

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF