Preferred Language
Articles
/
jcolang-218
השירה החילונית לשמואל הנגיד בספרד Hebrew religious poetry to Shmuel Hnagad In Spain
...Show More Authors

תקציר

השירה החילונית  זו מיזגה בין התרבות היהודית והתרבות הערבית השלטת. התרבות הערבית השלטת  השפיעה על היהודים בשירה, בספרי פילוסופייה ועיון, בהגות דתית, ביצירה של פרשנות המקרא, במחקר בדקדוק עברי, ברפואה ועוד. ספרי המדע המחקר והעיון נכתבו כולם בערבית. זו היתה שפת הדיבור בקהילות היהודיות. אבל השירה שהתפתחה, שירה אשר קבלה את יסודותיה מן השירה הערבית, שהגיעה לשיא בתקופה זאת – נכתבה כולה בעברית. השירה העברית הושפעה מאחותה הערבית בצורות השיריות, במשקלים, בסוגים – אבל נכתבה בשפה העברית בלבד. מטרת המשוררים העבריים בספרד הייתה להאדיר את השפה העברית לאור מופת המקרא. אם המשוררים המוסלמים כתבו בערבית כדי להאדיר את שפת הקוראן, ולאותה מטרה גם כתבו מחקרים על השפה והדקדוק הערביים – הרי היהודים הושפעו ממגמה זו על מנת להאדיר את שפת המקרא, שפת הקודש. עד לתקופה זאת לא שימשה שפת המקרא מקור לשוני ישיר ליצירה ספרותית. הפיוט הקודם לתקופה זאת היה קרוב בלשונו ללשון חז"ל, לשון התלמוד והמשנה. משוררי ספרד החיו את לשון המקרא. מילים מקראיות קבלו בשירתם פירוש חדש. זו הייתה תחייתה של לשון שלא דברו בה – לשם יצירה חדשה, ענפה ועשירה. שמואל הנגיד היה המשורר היהודי הראשון שעיצב את השירה החילונית  בספרד, על סוגיה השונים -  שירי יין, שירי ידידות, שירי שבח, שירי אהבה ועוד. שלא כמו משוררים אחרים - כתב הנגיד את שיריו לא למטרות פרנסה, כמשורר חצר, אלא כביטוי לחוויותיו ולרגשותיו:

ABSTRACT      

     The beginnings of Hebrew poetry religious in Andalusia was in the tenth century the rule days of King Abdul-Rahman III  (912-961), where the Jewish groups in Andalusia in those days was Thoudy of confidence by the Muslim authorities were also Thoudy autonomy in religious and cultural side, and this in turn led to the development of the Jewish literary output in all areas where Jewish philosophy evolved and renewed Hebrew poetry mundane .

The abundance of production in this kind of literature occurred under the influence of Arab culture and the first who wrote in this kind of poetry is poet (Donac bin Brat) where the transfer of poetry Hebrew formal components of Arabic poetry, including weight and rhyme.

Furthermore, the influence of Arabic literature appeared in Spain a new type of Hebrew poetry, but it is the standings, which is a rhymed prose Among the most prominent of the books in this kind of poetry is Judea Harizi.

     The most prominent of the books in this type of hair four poets are Shmuel Hnakid,  Solomon Ibn Jpiroll,  Moses Ibn Ezra, and Judah Halevi .

The Hebrew poetry earthly evolution and that the impact of Arabic poetry in form and substance where takes from the Arabic poetry threads  and curricula where established relationship and close contact unanimous and culturally between Jews and Muslims, and this Intellectuals Jews know  on Arab poetry and who was very open-minded and distinct linguistic style and image substantially so where love Jews poets this type of poetry and been affected by it and taken Arabic poetry features to poetry worldly Hebrew as Hebrew poetry adopted the weight and the Arab poetic rhythm, any quantitative weight Arabic poetry, and they have to divide each row or line of poetry specific number of a  sections.

The Arabic poetry impact on religious Hebrew poetry came through expression also in the content of the poetry and theme though this effect was always within the limits of tradition and conformity for the poets of the Jews, we find there poems telling the story of the friendship and companionship and there poetry the wine as well as find love poetry, which describes the pain loving and yearning and longing to those who love and there are other topics in the poetry worldly poems including the engagement and marriage and lamentation poems .

     In addition to all of these types and threads of poetry , which are all within the poetry worldly box there was also special types of poetry to others poets have been active within the circumstances of their lives and, for example, War poetry to Shmuel Hnakid who was defense minister in the Kingdom of Granada, and also  poetry of Zion Yehuda Halevy , as well as personal poems  to  Solomon said Jpiroll and who devoted his poetry in the mundane description of the dispute and the conflict with the people of his hometown and the isolation and misery and suffering.

View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Fri Jan 31 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
A comparative study to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic agitation on push-out bond strength of three root-end filling materials: An in vitro study
...Show More Authors

Aim: To evaluate the effect of ultrasonic agitation for retrograde biodceramic root repair, MTA and biodentine filling materials on push-out bond strength to dentine walls. Materials and Methods: Ninety extracted human teeth with single straight roots were selected randomly. After disinfection and cleaning, the coronal portions were sectioned to standardize the root canal length at 15mm. following root canal shaping, obturation and apical roots resection, retrograde cavities were prepared. Teeth were categorized depending on the filling material used into three groups, 30 teeth each. Group A filled with bioceramic root repair material, B with MTA and C with Biodentine material. These groups were divided in to three subgroup (n= 10). Subgrou

... Show More
Scopus (1)
Scopus
Publication Date
Wed Jun 21 2006
Journal Name
College Of Languages
A Semantico-Syntactic Study of Verbs of Eating in English with Reference to Arabic دراسة دلالية نحوية لأفعال الاكل باللغة الانكليزية مع الاشارة الى العربية
...Show More Authors

This study is an attempt to investigate the semantic and syntactic features of English and Arabic verbs of eating. After surveying the literature on the meaning of verbs in both languages, three chapters address the major issues in this subject. The problem to be investigated in this study can be summarized in the following points: 1. The overlapping of semantic and syntactic features within the category of verbs of eating in English and Arabic. 2. Which semantic classification is more accurate and through which method? 3. Which classification, the semantic or the syntactic, is more important? This study hypothesized the following: 1. The semantic features are more influential in analyzing the category of verbs of eating than the syntactic

... Show More
Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
World Journal Of Dentistry
Differential Expression of Toll-like Receptor 4 and Nuclear Factor κB of Primary Rat Oral Keratinocytes in Response to Stimulation with<i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>
...Show More Authors

View Publication
Scopus (2)
Crossref (2)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Jordan Journal Of Biological Sciences
Expression of biotransformation and antioxidant genes in the liver of albino mice after exposure to aflatoxin B1 and an antioxidant sourced from turmeric (Curcuma longa)
...Show More Authors

The present investigation aims to determine the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on biotransformation and antioxidant genes and the protective effects of curcumin, present in turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder (TMP). Specifically, the study included four groups of albino mice were fed for 30 days on diet Group I: Control, Group II: animals fed on the conventional basal diet supplemented with 0.5% food grade TMP that supplied 74 mg/kg total curcuminoids. Group III contained animals reared on conventional basal diet supplemented with 1.0 ppm AFB1 supplied by ground aflatoxin culture material (760 ppm AFB1). Finally, Group IV comprised of albino mice fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.0 ppm AFB1 and 0.5% TMP that supplied 74 mg/kg of the

... Show More
Publication Date
Thu Jun 15 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The effect of nano-hydroxy apatite on re-mineralize white spot lesions prior to orthodontic adhesive removal by different techniques (An In vitro comparative study)
...Show More Authors

Background: White-spot lesion is one of the problems associated with the fixed orthodontic treatment. The aims of this in-vitro study were to investigate enamel damage depth on adhesive removal when the adhesive were surrounded by sound, demineralized or demineralized enamel that had been re-mineralized prior to adhesive removal using 10% Nano-Hydroxy apatite and to determine the effect of three different adhesive removal techniques. Materials and methods: Composite resin adhesive (3M Unitek) was bonded to 60 human upper premolars teeth which were randomly divided in to three groups each containing ten sound teeth and ten teeth with demineralized and re-mineralized lesions adjacent to the adhesive. A window of 2 mm was prepared on the bucca

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref (2)
Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Feb 24 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Studies And Researches Of Sport Education
The effect of the use of the Colb model according to the two forms (adaptive, ascending) in learning some of the technical skills of women
...Show More Authors

The objective of the study was to identify the effect of the use of the Colb model for the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad,As well as to identify the differences between the research groups in the remote tests in learning skills using the model Colb.The researcher used the experimental method and included the sample of the research on the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science / University of Baghdad by drawing lots, the third division (j) was chosen to represent the experimental group,And the third division (c) to represent the control groupafter the distribution of the sample splitting measure according to the Colb mode

... Show More
Preview PDF
Publication Date
Thu Mar 02 2023
Journal Name
East European Journal Of Physics
Evaluation of the Influence of Body Mass Index and Signal-to-Noise Ratio on the PET/CT Image Quality in Iraqi Patients with Liver Cancer
...Show More Authors

Image quality has been estimated and predicted using the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and SNR measurements in PET imaging using patient studies with liver cancer. Three groups of 59 patients (24 males and 35 females) were divided according to BMI. After intravenous injection of 0.1 mCi of 18F-FDG per kilogram of body weight, PET emission scans were acquired for (1, 1.5, and 3) min/bed position according to the weight of patient. Because liver is an organ of homogenous metabolism, five region of interest (ROI) were made at the same location, five successive slices of the PET/CT scans to determine the mean uptake (signal) values and its standard deviat

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (1)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Feb 16 2026
Journal Name
Modern Sport
Job commitment and its relation to the behavior of citizenship in physical education teachers Directorate of Education Baghdad AL- Karkh THird Search submitted by Research
...Show More Authors

View Publication Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sat Jun 15 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of Oral Supplementation for Rabbits of Pomegranate seed Extract on Some Serum Biochemical Parameters in Relation to oral Inflammation, oxidative stress, and wound healing
...Show More Authors

Background: Pomegranate (punicagranatum L, Punicaceae), is an edible fruit consumed around the world. The edible part of pomegranate is rich in compounds that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant; anti-inflammatory and gingival wound healing effects of Punicagrantum L. seed extract oral supplementation in rabbit. Methods and Methods: Forty five male rabbits were divided into 3 groups, base line (5 rabbits) left without buccal gingival wound as( group 1),study group, 20 rabbits (group2) with buccal gingival wound treated with ethanolic extract of Punicagranatum L. seed extract and control, 20 rabbits (group 3) with buccal gingival wound only. Buccal gingival wounds w

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (3)
Crossref (2)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Acta Chromatographica
A simple stability-indicating HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of paracetamol and caffeine and its application to determinations in fixed-dose combination tablet dosage form
...Show More Authors

A simple, economic, rapid, reliable, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PCM) and caffeine (CF) in solid dosage form. The chromatographic separations were achieved with a Waters Symmetry® C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm), using a mixture of methanol and water (40:60, v/v) as a mobile phase, under isocratic elution mode with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, and ultraviolet (UV) detection was set at 264 nm. The oven temperature for the column was set and maintained at 35 °C. The method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and it demonstrated excellent linearity, wi

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (29)
Crossref (24)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref