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Cases of infringement and its ruling on tort liability among Islamic jurisprudence
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Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of God’s creation, Muhammad bin Abdullah, the illiterate Arab prophet, the faithful, and his family and companions.
And yet ...

     The realistic view is that Islamic jurisprudence is not exaggerated in the judgment of compensation, so it is judged for everything that has been lost by the victim of a profit or his loss, but he takes into account the bearing of the guarantee between profit and loss or the principle on which the theory of bearing liability is found, and it is clear through research that Islam The principle of respecting money, souls and rights is considered a public order, but it may exclude some cases that are required by circumstances such as war and discipline of prostitutes and apostates, so destroying the money of others and themselves within the limits required by necessity, and people in all rights and duties whether, there is no difference between a ruler and a convict, so the penalties Criminal applied to Every person, regardless of his characteristic, is a guarantee of the implementation of legal rulings, and a commitment to protect the virtue and morals, and the dignity of the human being. For this reason, I wanted to write about cases of abuse, which is part of the concept of security in Islamic jurisprudence, so I divided the research into two chapters, and I spoke in the first chapter about the definition of abuse and responsibility

 Summary of the research: cases of infringement and its ruling on tort liability between Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law ..........

In the second chapter on cases of infringement of tort liability.
 Nobody is asked about a civilian, whether the act or criminal, as determining the principle of individual or personal responsibility is a tribute to the person and notifying him of his existence, his uniqueness and his gravity in this life, but this individual in Islam as it is known is not absolute but is bound by the group's various rights required by the interest General, and achieved by the principle of social and economic balance between people.

Finally, I ask God Almighty to grant us all success in favor of saying, and the work is beautiful, and may God’s prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 15 2019
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archives
VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF CARBAZONE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR METAL COMPLEXES : A REVIEW
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Carbazone Derivatives (CD) (semicarbazone, semithiocarbasone) are produced by the condensation reaction between a aldehyde (or ketone) with a carbazide derivatives (semicarbazide, semithiocarbazide). CD and their metal complexes existent a wide range of implementation that stretch from their ply in the medicinal and pharmaceutical area because of their major significant pharmacological characteristic such as anti-fungal,anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, anti-inflammation, anti-neoplastic,inhibition corrosion, antioxidation, antiradical. This paper reviews the definition, importance and various applications of carbazone derivatives with transitional meta

Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Design and Simulation of Sliding Mode Fuzzy Controller for Nonlinear System
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Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is a simple method and powerful technique to design a robust controller for nonlinear systems. It is an effective tool with acceptable performance. The major drawback is a classical Sliding Mode controller suffers from the chattering phenomenon which causes undesirable zigzag motion along the sliding surface. To overcome the snag of this classical approach, many methods were proposed and implemented. In this work, a Fuzzy controller was added to classical Sliding Mode controller in order to reduce the impact chattering problem. The new structure is called Sliding Mode Fuzzy controller (SMFC) which will also improve the properties and performance of the classical Sliding Mode control

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The economic viability of a bee breeding project and adrift proposal
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Bee keping projects is one of the most important agricltural investment projects because it generate profit in a short period . In addition to the multiplicity of products and other benefits . Research aimed at study the feasibility of two projects one hand in the origin of the Al – Mashrok since 2006 , kicking off with ten hives , and the scond proposal , kicking of 100 hives using the criteria of the world bank . Results showed that the bee keeping projects is economically feasible, whether small or large .. Even when the analysis of the sensitivity of the project to changes which may occur in the price of output and resources by reducing costs and increasing revenues by 10% it remains economically viable .

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Wear and mechanical prop erties of epoxy/MgO-SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites
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Preparation of epoxy/MgO and epoxy/SiO2 nanocomposites is
studding. The nano composites were processed by different nano
fillers concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.07 and
0.1 wt%). Epoxy resin and nanocomposites containing different
shape nano fillers of (MgO:SiO2 composites), are shear mixing with
ratio 1:1,with different nano hybrid fillers concentrations (0.025,
0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 wt%) to preparation of epoxy/(MgOSiO2)
hybrid nanocomposites. Experimental tests results indicate that
the composite materials have significantly higher modulus of
elasticity than the matrix material but the hybrid nanocomposites
have lower modulus of elasticity. The wear rate was decreased in
nanoc

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 22 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Organizational reputation: A descriptive study of concept development and measurement techniques
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The study aimed to monitor the concept of reputation in the previous literature, its relationship to mental image and identity, and to reveal recent trends in its measurement Techniques.

    The study relied on a descriptive approach using library survey and comparative analysis, and the study reached following conclusions:

     Despite the beginning of the first signs of reputation In the fifties of the last century, however, Defining and standardizing the concept with clear and specific dimensions began in the 1990s and the beginning of the third millennium. The concept of reputation refers to the stakeholders’ overall evaluation of organizations, which reflects their perceptions of

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Extraction of heavy metals from contaminated soils using EDTA and HCl
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The present study examines the extraction of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) from   a contaminated soil by washing process. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na2EDTA) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution were used as extractants.  Soil washing is one of the most suitable in-situ/ ex-situ remediation method in removing heavy metals. Soil was artificially contaminated with 500 mg/kg (Pb , Cd and Ni ).  A set of batch experiments were carried out at different conditions of  extractant concentration , contact time, pH and agitation speed. The results  showed  that the  maximum removal efficiencies  of (Cd, Pb  and Ni ) were (97, 88 and 24 )&nbs

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Materials Science: Materials In Electronics
Fabrication and characterization of CoxMn0.25−xMg0.75Fe2O4 nanoparticles for H2S sensing applications
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 20 2010
Journal Name
The International Journal Of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
Finite element modeling and simulation of proposed design magneto-rheological valve
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Magneto-rheological (MR) valve is one of the devices generally used to control the speed of Hydraulic actuator of MR fluid. The performance of valve depends on the magnetic circuit design. Present study deals with a new design of MR valve. A mathematical model for the MR valve is developed and the simulation is carried out to evaluate the newly developed MR valve. The design of the magnetic circuit is accomplished by magnetic finite element software such as Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMMR). The model dimensions of MR valve, material properties are taken into account. The results of analysis are presented in terms of magnetic strength H and magnetic flux density B. The simulation results based on the proposed model indicate that the ef

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Apexification and Periapical Healing of Immature Teeth Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 25 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BIOFILM PRODUCING ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS FROM ROOT CANAL
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This study was aimed to one of the most prevalent causes for endodontic treatment failure is the presence of Enterococcus faecalis bacterium within teeth root canals. To achieve successful treatment, it is so important to study E. faecalis behavior. The aim of study was to investigate biofilm production and antibiotic sensitivity of E. faecalis isolated from root canals. Results showed isolation of E. feacalis (65%) of samples, identified by specific gene by PCR technique. Most isolates were sensitive to Imipenem and resistant to Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Tetracycline and Trimethoprim. Strong biofilm production was detected among 29.5% of highest antibiotic resistant isolates. The results may indicate that infected root canals with E. feac

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