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Cases of infringement and its ruling on tort liability among Islamic jurisprudence
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Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable of God’s creation, Muhammad bin Abdullah, the illiterate Arab prophet, the faithful, and his family and companions.
And yet ...

     The realistic view is that Islamic jurisprudence is not exaggerated in the judgment of compensation, so it is judged for everything that has been lost by the victim of a profit or his loss, but he takes into account the bearing of the guarantee between profit and loss or the principle on which the theory of bearing liability is found, and it is clear through research that Islam The principle of respecting money, souls and rights is considered a public order, but it may exclude some cases that are required by circumstances such as war and discipline of prostitutes and apostates, so destroying the money of others and themselves within the limits required by necessity, and people in all rights and duties whether, there is no difference between a ruler and a convict, so the penalties Criminal applied to Every person, regardless of his characteristic, is a guarantee of the implementation of legal rulings, and a commitment to protect the virtue and morals, and the dignity of the human being. For this reason, I wanted to write about cases of abuse, which is part of the concept of security in Islamic jurisprudence, so I divided the research into two chapters, and I spoke in the first chapter about the definition of abuse and responsibility

 Summary of the research: cases of infringement and its ruling on tort liability between Islamic jurisprudence and Iraqi law ..........

In the second chapter on cases of infringement of tort liability.
 Nobody is asked about a civilian, whether the act or criminal, as determining the principle of individual or personal responsibility is a tribute to the person and notifying him of his existence, his uniqueness and his gravity in this life, but this individual in Islam as it is known is not absolute but is bound by the group's various rights required by the interest General, and achieved by the principle of social and economic balance between people.

Finally, I ask God Almighty to grant us all success in favor of saying, and the work is beautiful, and may God’s prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 10 2024
Journal Name
Humanities And Social Sciences Communications
The mediating role of accounting information systems in small and medium enterprise strategies and organizational performance in Iraq
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Abstract<p>This paper examined accounting information systems (AIS) as a mediator between small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) strategies, including (finance source, administrative innovation, organizational culture, developing capabilities levels of SMEs, information source, development of business managers, and technological innovation) and organizational performance. In this quantitative study, 450 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the managers and owners of SMEs using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method via SmartPLS3 Software. The study offers empirical findings on the importance of AIS as a mediator, considers various factors, a</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The recepient’s beauty in the algerian theatre and the recepient’s hypothetical bet , reading in stop theater by m’hammed ben gataf
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Meditationsuggetsthat the theatrical world and the receiptindicatethattherie a thread connection or relationshipbetweenthembecausetheateris an art thatfailsinto the abyss of the humanfield ,receivingis a practice thatisreffered to by corners of society and islocated in the context of thisfield. Thus, the relationshipbetweenalgeriantheater and the recepientissanctified by the nature of theaterwhichisbased on a social basis thatbuildsitsexistance and continuityfrom the recepient.Its impossible to imagine a real theaterthatwillbeestablishedunlessit’sassociatedwith an audience so one hand never claps to makesound. This connectionis the first phenomenonthatcanbecome accessible to all people and itremains the second phenomenonthatrequires th

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Using Fuzzy Games Theory to Determine the optimal Strategy for The Mobile Phone Networks in The Baghdad And Basra governorates
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      The objective of this research is employ the special cases of  function  trapezoid in the composition of fuzzy sets to make decision within the framework of the theory of games traditional to determine the best strategy for the mobile phone networks in the province of  Baghdad and Basra, has been the adoption of different periods of the  functions belonging to see the change happening in the matrix matches and the impact  that the strategies  and decision-making  available to each player and the impact on  societ

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Determination of uranium concentrations for soil of Tigris river and rainwater of Baghdad city
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In this study, phosphorescence analysis (KPA) is used for determining soil collected from the Tigris River from Al- Karrada and Bab Al-Sharq in Baghdad and samples were taken from rainwater collected from Al-Rashad, Al-Obeidi, Al-Dora and Al-Sadr City in Baghdad. The measurements were carried out by the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment, in the Radiation Protection Center. The collection, removal and evaporation of the samples ranged from January to the end of March 2018. The results show the presents of concentration of 238U and 235U in soil samples and the rainwater samples. The conclusion of this work is the concentration of uranium in soil samples is more than recommendations by ICRP value of 1.9 μg /l. While all water sample

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 18 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Isolation of beta-sitosterol and evaluation of antioxidant Activity of Iraqi Campsis grandiflora flowers.
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Campsis grandiflora (Bignoniaceae) is a fast growing deciduous climber, the dried flowers have been used as a carminative, blood tonic, and febrifuge in Chinese traditional medicine. This plant has an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-depressant, and anti-bacterial effect; with a beneficial role in stagnant blood and endometriosis conditions. In this study, the detection of beta-sitosterol in the hexane extract of Iraqi C.grandiflora flowers was performed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC); while the isolation done by preparative layer chromatography then structure elucidation of isolated compound was done by FTIR and 1HNMR. Furthermore, assessment of th

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2025
Journal Name
Alqalam Journal Of Medical And Applied Sciences
Atypical Presentation of Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus (FEP) is a slowly growing, low-grade malignant tumor with very low metastatic potential that is considered a distinct variant of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). It usually manifests as sessile or polypoidal lesions on the trunk of middle-aged patients. However, it may present in younger age groups, even in children. In this case, we present a rare case of FEP atypically presenting as a scaly plaque on the lower back for several years in an elderly female who was eventually diagnosed by excisional biopsy and histopathology.

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 25 2024
Journal Name
University Of Samarra
Preparation, diagnosis and testing of the biological ‎activity of new complexes of Schiff bases
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‎ Sixteen new complexes with the general formula [M(L)2(H2O)2] were ‎prepared resulting from the reaction of the two new Schiff base ligands, which ‎are‏: -‏ L1= (E)-5-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one)‎ L2 = (E)-5-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-2-phenylpyrazolidin-3-one) ‎ ‎ With divalent metal ions (manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, ‎mercury) and (tetravalent platinum).‎‏ ‏ ‎ Ligands was derived from the reaction of the amine (5-amino-2-phenyl-2,4-‎dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one) with Salicylaldehyde and ortho-vanillin, which is ‎linked to the metal ions via the nitrogen atoms are the isomethene group and ‎the oxygen is the hydroxide group of t

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Publication Date
Mon May 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Effect of Type of Fiber in Density and Splitting Tensile Strength of SIFCON
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SIFCON is characterized as a construction material of high ductility and very high strength. It is suitable for concrete structures used for special applications. However, the density of SIFCON is much higher than that of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) due to the need for a large amount of high-density steel fibers. This work examines the split tensile behavior of modified weight slurry infiltrated fiber concrete utilizing a mixture of two types of fibers, steel fiber, and polyolefin fiber. For the investigation, 30 cylinders and 15 cubes were poured. The used volume fraction (V.F) is (6 %) and the use of five series once as each type separately and once a hybrid in proportions of 2/3 polyolefin with 1/3 steel fiber and

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 22 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Enhancement of Solubility and Improvement of Dissolution Rate of Atorvastatin Calcium Prepared as Nanosuspension
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       Atorvastatin have problem of very slightly aqueous solubility (0.1-1 mg/ml). Nano-suspension is used to enhance it’s of solubility and dissolution profile. The aim of this study is to formulate Atorvastatin as a nano-suspension to enhance its solubility due to increased surface area of exposed for dissolution medium, according to Noyes-Whitney equation.

        Thirty one formulae were prepared to evaluate the effect of ; Type of polymer, polymer: drug ratio, speed of homogenization, temperature of preparation and inclusion of co-stabilizer in addition to the primary one; using solvent-anti-solvent precipitation method under high power of ultra-sonication.

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 17 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Use of the Definite article in the Ottoman Turkish Language in the Fourteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: Qaboos Namah and Mazaki Collection as a Model: '' Kabusnâme ve Mezâkî Divanı Örneğinde ''14. ve 17. Yüzyılarda Osmanlı Türkçesinde Harf-i Ta'rifin Kullanması Üzerine Bir İnceleme
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The Turks used the Ottoman Turkish language from the thirteenth century to the twentieth century.  During this period and under the influence of Islamic civilization, a large number of words and structures were used from the Arabic and Persian languages, Therefore, many Arabic grammatical structures were used in the Ottoman Turkish language, such as the definite article simply because it was widely used.

The paper is concerned with the use of the Arabic definite article in the Ottoman Turkish language, and the aim of this contrastive study is to find out the similarities and differences between the two languages ​​in terms of meaning and structure. Since linguistic studies depend on the practical side or applied approach, two

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