as important aspects emerged related to the management of the caliphate and how it was transferred, and the clarification of the political trends and transformations at the end of their lives. In addition, how the Rightly Guided

Türklerin İslam dini ve kültürünü benimsedikten sonra,Anadolu'da Arap ve özellikle Fars Edebiyatlarını örnek alarak oluşturdukları yazılı edebiyattır. Bu dönemin şairleri(ozanları) şiirlerini divan adı verilen kitaplarda topladıkları için söz konusu edebiyata da Divan Edebiyatı denilmiştir.Özellikle,medreseden yetişen aydın sanatçı ve yazarların saray ve çevresinde oluşturdukları bir edebiyat geleneği olduğu için, Havas(Yüksek Zümre) edebiyatı,Saray edebiyatı, Klasik Türk edebiyatı gibi adlarla da anılmaktadır.Divan edebiyatı sözünün 1900'den sonra ortaya çıktığı sanılmakta ve ilk defa kimin kullandığı bilinmemektedir.

تتراوح ضريبة الارض ما بين 10%من المحصول (الشعير ) و 40 -50 من الخراج 

The issue of freedom is the most prominent and distinctive issue of Western thought, which it reached after a long struggle. The English thinker John Stuart Mill is considered the most prominent Western thinker who elaborated on the issue of freedom, until his ideas on the issue of freedom became the semi-final formula for issues of freedom in Western thought, which revolve in their entirety on The individual has complete freedom as long as it does not harm others, and this freedom is controlled by law.

And if the freedoms he offered were not considered an achievement in Western thought; Freedom in Islam is a central and fundamental issue, and the details of freedoms in Islam have not been accomplished by anyone, but rather came

A composite section is made up of a concrete slab attached to a steel beam by means of shear connectors. Under positive and negative bending moment, part of the slab will act as a flange of the beam, resisting the longitudinal compression or tension force. When the spacing between girders becomes large, it is evident that the simple beam theory does not strictly apply because the longitudinal stress in the flange will vary with distance from the girder web, the flange being more highly stressed over the web than in the extremities. This phenomenon is termed "shear lag". In this paper, a nonlinear three-dimensional finite element analysis is employed to evaluate and determine the actual effective slab width of the composite steel-concrete

     Fifty patients(24 female and 26 male)with pressure ulcersassociated with different diseasesand attending AL-yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad were selected in this study. The duration of sample collection was from March  to December 2018. All blood samples collected from patients were submitted to a blood culturing technique to examine bacteremia. The results showed that12 blood bacterial isolates were obtained. The isolated bacteria were subjected to Vitek-2, which is an accurate identification technique. The results of the blood culturing technique revealed that 33.3% were Gram negative bacteria, while 66.6% were Gram positive. Diagnosis by Vitek-2 showed that 33.3%  wereStaphylococcus spp. , 33.3% were Enterococcus

Viscosity (η) of solutions of 1-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol and tert-butanol were investigated in aqueous solution structures of ranged composition from 0.55 to 1 mol.dm-3 at 298.15 K. The data of (η/η˳) were evaluated based on reduced Jone - Dole equation; η/η˳ =BC+1. In the term of B value, the consequences based on solute-solvent interaction in aqueous solutions of alcohols were deliberated. The outcomes of this paper discloses that alcohols act as structure producers in the water. Additionally, it has shown that solute-solvent with interacting activity of identical magnitude is in water-alcohol system

Risk factors can be considered unique in construction projects, especially in tendering phase. This research is directed to recognize and evaluate the importance of critical risk factors in the tendering phase related to Iraq’s construction project. As a rule, construction projects are impacted by risk factors throughout the project life cycle; without identifying and allocating these risk factors, the project cannot succeed. In this paper, the open and closed questionnaires are used to categorize the critical risk factors in tendering phase. Research aims to recognize the factors that influence the success of tendering phase, to determine the correct response to the risk’s factors in this research article, (IBM, SPSS, V23) package has