The personality of the hero Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi (may God have mercy on him) came from the womb of jihad after difficult travails that the Arab Islamic nation experienced through the jihad of its loyal and honest sons who vowed themselves to God in defense of his religion and law, so between 490 AH - 540 AH outstanding jihadi leaders emerged who took upon themselves the responsibility of jihad and mobilizing the nation's energies To fight its enemies - the Franks, the Crusaders - in the Levant, and those leaders succeeded in achieving impressive victories over the Frankish military effort and regained some cities that were usurped by the Franks. Balak bin Bahram, Suqman, and Jakarmish, but these leaders could not maintain a state of unity, so the jihadist efforts of Imad al-Din Zangi came to draw a new state characterized by strength and organization, and succeeded in achieving strategic goals that changed the balance of power in favor of the Islamic military effort and prompted the Franks to assassinate him in the year 541 AH .
However, his son Nur al-Din Mahmud was up to the level of responsibility and a man of the stage that the nation desperately needed for his likes, because he completed the path of jihad drawn by his father, Imad al-Din Zangi. Training and leadership to later be his striking arm in the coming days, and their efforts culminated in uniting the word of the Muslims, ending the Fatimid state, and calling for the Abbasid caliph Al-Mustadi’ in the year 564 AH () Tikrit Castle was in honor of him and his trust in the year 525 AH, but the death of Muhammad and Masoud’s assumption of the sultanate came to end his emirate over Tikrit, as Masoud cut it off to Behrouz the charge of Baghdad and added to him all the adjacent states () and then moved to Mosul to work under the leadership of Imad al-Din Zangi, and it was the birth of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi In the fortress of Tikrit on the day his father was removed from its emirate, so he moved with his family to Mosul under the care of Imad al-Din Zangi, and he grew up in that jihadi milieu until he emerged as a leading figure ().
Education constituted one of the fundamental tools that played a pivotal role in consolidating Japanese values and identity following the Meiji Restoration in 1868. This transformation was marked by the issuance of the Educational System Ordinance in 1872, which aimed primarily at building a modern state capable of defending itself. As political and military developments progressed, education increasingly sought to instill the notion that the individual is an integral part of the state and must be willing to sacrifice for its sake. The Kaishō era witnessed the reinforcement of these principles, with growing emphasis on military training—an element that became central to educational policy following the invasion of Manchuria in 1
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Introduction. Intraoperative rupture (IOR) of an aneurysm is a frightful complication that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. IOR can be attributed to various parameters, including hypertension, increased intracranial pressure (ICP), fragility of the vessels, and inadequate anaesthesia. IOR due to insufficient anaesthesia is scarcely reported in the literature. Here, we describe a re-ruptured anterior communicating artery (ACoA) after incomplete clipping of the neck during craniotomy closure due to unintended early wake-up from anaesthesia with a discussion about the management. Case description. A 38-year-old male suddenly developed a severe headache, a brief loss of consciousness, and vomiting. Computed tomogr
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This paper was aimed to study the efficiency of forward osmosis (FO) process as a new application for the treatment of wastewater from textile effluent and the factors affecting the performance of forward osmosis process.
The draw solutions used were magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and aluminum sulphate (Al2 ( SO4)3 .18 H2O), and the feed solutions used were reactive red, and disperse blue dyes.
Experimental work were includes operating the forward osmosis process using thin film composite (TFC) membrane as flat sheet for different draw solutions and feed solutions. The operating parameters studied were : draw solutions concentration (10 – 90 g/l), feed solutions concentration (5 – 30 mg/l), draw solutions flow rate (10 – 50 l/hr
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The present study aimed to identify the learning gap between classroom-based education and artificial intelligence (AI)-based education among students of Colleges of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. It also sought to determine the effectiveness of classroom education and AI-based education in reducing the learning gap among these students. The research problem addressed the following questions: Are there statistically significant differences in the learning gap between students who learn through traditional classroom education and those who learn through AI-based education in Colleges of Physical Education and Sports Sciences? What is the nature of the learning gap between classroom education and AI-based educati
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This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of seven calliphorid species of third- instar larvae that were collected from central Iraq. The purpose was to morphologically characterize these species and develop an identification key to differentiate them from closely related species. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) graphical images and high-resolution traditional optical microscopes were used to analyze the morphological characteristics of the species Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus, 1758), C. vicina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, Chrysomya albiceps (Widemann, 1819), Ch. rufifacies (Macquart, 1844), Ch. megacephala (Fabricius, 1794), Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830), and L. sericata (Meigen, 1826). An identification key was const
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William Shakespeare's play Coriolanus explores the journey of power and the transformation of a skilled warrior into a statesman. This paper employs Machiavelli’s framework of pragmatic statecraft to analyse Coriolanus’s tragic failure as a political leader despite his unparalleled prowess as a Roman general. It analyses Coriolanus's political career, revealing how his military skills, while effective in warfare, do not translate into political success. The paper shows that Coriolanus’s contempt for performative politics, refusal to adopt civic diplomacy, and failure to soften aristocratic pride with populist appeal turn plebeians against him and alienate patricians. His upholding of martial honour — fostered by his mother Volumnia
... Show MoreIn this study, chalcones were synthesis by condensing 2-acetylpyridine with aromatic aldehyde derivatives in dilute ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution at room temperature according to Claisen-Schmidt condensation. After that, new heterocyclic derivatives such as Oxazine, Thiazine and Pyrazol were synthesis by reaction between chalcones with urea, thiourea and hydrazine hydrate respectively scheme 1. All these compounds wrer characterization by FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.
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Sludge from stone-cutting (SSC) factories and stone mines cannot be used as decorative stones, stone powder, etc. These substances are left in the environment and cause environmental problems. This study aim is to produce artificial stone composite (ASC) using sludge from stone cutting factories, cement, unsaturated resin, water, silicon carbide nanoparticles (SiC-NPs), and nano-graphene oxide (NGO) as fillers. Nano graphene oxide has a hydrophobic plate structure that water is not absorbed due to the lack of surface tension on these plates. NGO has a significant effect on the properties of artificial stone due to its high specific surface area and low density in the composite. Its uniform distribution in ASC is very low due to its hydropho
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