During the 1970s, communicative view of language teaching began to be incorporated into syllabus design. The central question for the proponents of this view was: what does the learner want/need to do with the target language? This lead to the emergence of a teaching method (or approach) called communicative language teaching (CLT) during the late 1970s and early 1980s focusing on the functions that must be incorporated into a classroom. According to Brown (2001:43) CLT is a unified but broadly based, theoretically well informed set of tenets about the nature of language and of language learning and teaching. Harmer (2001:84) states that the communicative approach is the name which was given to a set of beliefs which included not only a

Today we are witnessing huge scientific and technical progress so we need more skills and methods of thinking that needs to be acquired by the teacher, as the importance of computers in education  there are  many teachers  suffering  of the difficulty in teaching for pupils . researchers tried to  find a good suitable way with the technological  interests for now which represent by  computer design software and the introduction of enrichment activities in the curriculum because it is one of a contemporary trends for the development of the Arabic language with various levels of education and knowing if this program has negative or positive impact.

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The formula of Ijarah and Ijarah ending with ownership is one of the investment formulas in Islamic banks, so this research has shed light on it in order to benefit from the experiences of the research sample banks, This research aims to find a reliable way for Iraqi Islamic banks, namely (leasing and leasing ending with ownership) in order to invest their money without usurious interests, The problem of the research emerges through the lack of awareness of the Iraqi Islamic banks to work with different Islamic financing formulas and their inability to invest their money through the adoption of their administrations for different formulas, including the leasing, and this is reflected in the decrease and fluctuation of its profits, Theref

Abstract

The environmental conditions are important factors, because they affect both the efficiency of a photovoltaic module and the energy load. This research was carried out experimentally and modeling was done in MATLAB –Simulink by monitoring the variation in power output of the system with environmental conditions such as solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, and humidity of Baghdad city. From the results, the ambient temperatures are inversely proportional to humidity and the output power performance of the system, while the wind speed is directly proportional with the output power performance of the system.  

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The purpose of this study is testing the effect of orgnizational learning in orgnizational Effectivness an applied study in Al-hiqma Jordinan Medecine Company . study sosiety 88 manegers sleect 80 of them .study used SPSS to test the hypothesis.study reachs to significant conculctions

Tax revenues are considered one of the important sources of public revenues for the state as one of the tributaries that finance the public treasury to implement development plans. Real estate taxes are one of the sources of obtaining tax revenues in the state, as it follows that there are a number of factors that affect these revenues, which requires the development of necessary solutions and recommendations to address the resulting effects. Accordingly, this research sheds light on tax revenues in general and real estate tax revenues in particular to indicate the extent of their contribution to the total tax proceeds, as the tax proceeds of the real estate tax were analyzed into the total tax proceeds for the years (2017-2021). A numbe

The study aims to identify the level of cognitive beliefs, as well as to identify the level of self-organized learning strategies among intermediate school students. The study also aims to identify the differences in the level of self-organized learning strategies among intermediate school students in term of gender, branch (scientific, literary). In order to achieve the research objectives, the researcher designed a scale to measure the cognitive beliefs. As for the scale of self-organized learning strategies, the researcher adopted a scale of (Pintrich et al. 1991), which was translated by (Izzat Abdelhamid, 1999) , For self-organized learning strategies, the sample consisted of (400) students from the research population, whic