Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses are the major health problem in the worldwide. In the Middle East, the prevalence of HBV in general population with the chronic infectionsis 2-5%,whereas the prevalence of HCV is about 1% in Arabian Gulf countries. World Health Organization (WHO) revealed that the risks of HBV and HCV transmissionas well as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through the transfusion of contaminated blood and blood products is high, because of the fragility of health services in these countries. Several viral diseases are transportby different modes like bloodtransfusion, sexual contact, and unsafe injections. The mostcommon blood-transmitted viruses are hepatitis B virus(HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and humanimmunodeficie

The field work to study morbidity & nutritional status of 3828 child aged between 659 months in Basra, Misan and Thi Qar governorate.  The results indicated that 14%, 11.7% and 5.4% of the children suffer from diarrhea, Fever & Acute Respiratory Infection (API) respectively. While the prevalence of malnutrition for the children at the three governorate indicated that the chronic was 24.8%, 25.1% and 23%, general malnutrition was 17.1%, 21.4% and 22% where as the acute malnutrition was 9.2, 9.4 and 14.2 respectively.

Objective(s): This study aimed to evaluate job satisfaction among nurses working at primary health care centers        in Samawa City.

Methodology: A Descriptive evolutional study has been carried out during the period from 1 February 2022 to 1 June 2022. A nonprobability (convenience) sample of (200) nurse were selected from different educational level. A questionnaire format is developed for the purpose of fulfilling the objectives of the study. Content validity of the questionnaire and reliability has been determined. Data are analyzed using IBM SPSS version 19 software (2010).

Results: The findings indicate that 52% of nurses are showing high level of job satisfa

       The subject of the information technology system ( ITS ) of the important issues And contemporary thought in management, and various types of organizations seeking to apply and try to

Sarcasm is conceders one patterns of undesirable communication, which causes social problems in humans relationships because of the contradictory verbal and nonverbal expressions is known sarcasm may defined , statements with intent to belittle others in different situations, dealing with the individual deliberately, to diminish the will or overwhelmed by the recipe stupid, which generate a reaction when a person listener, raising the intentions of ridicule and undermine it, and this may happen is different from the irony interest increased in sarcasm since the development of scientists "Watzlawick '" and Bevin "Jackson's" in 1967 theory interactive and considered the sarcasm one interaction patterns in the social relationship, which use

The researcher used the experimental approach due to its suitability and the nature of the research problem. The research community was represented by the eighth-grade students in the Rozak Elementary Mixed School affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Erbil / the center, for the academic year (2021-2022), the number is (96) students, and the research sample consisted of (63) male and female students, with (31) in the experimental group, and (32) in the control group, and (11) students were excluded by (5) students from the experimental group, and (6) students from the control group, as the excluded, are students who failed and were absent from the lessons, and accordingly, the research sample became composed of (52) mal

The present study aimed at identifying the role of supervisory and training practices in the field   education program in achieving course objectives from the perspective of the student teachers in the Faculty of Science and Arts in sharourah, and its relationship to some variables (gender, specialization,estimation). To achieve this, the researcher used the descriptive-analytical method, and the study tool was designed, which consists of (24) items distributed on two axes: the objectives of field education and supervisory and training practices.Then, the study tool was applied to the research sample represented in the entire study community, which consists of (65) male and female students in the Faculty of Sciences and Arts in

Background: Human teeth considered to be an important etiological host factor in relation to dental caries through its morphology and composition. Elements may incorporate in tooth structure during pre and post-eruptive period changing the resistance for caries. The aims of this study were to determine the concentration of selected major (Calcium and phosphorus) and trace elements (Ferrous iron, nickel, chromium and aluminum) in permanent teeth and enamel among a group of adolescent girls in relation to severity of dental caries Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 25 girls with an age of 13-15 years old referred by Orthodontists for extractions of upper first premolars (two sides). Tooth and enamel samples were prepared for

لما كانت العلاقه بين الاولاد  ووالديهم  مؤثره في تحديد شخصيتهم وتطويرهم اجتماعيا , اصبح من الضروري ان ندرك بان هناك انواع مختلفه من اساليب المعامله الوالديه لكن الشائع عن اسلوب التنشئه الوالديه في العراق هو الاسلوب التسلطي الذي يفرض فيه الاب بالذات اكثر من الام اراء  ومعتقدات ويتحكم في اتخاذ القرارات نيابه عن الابناء وحتى عن الزوجه في كثير من الاحيان وقلما يتنازل الاب عن هذه الحقوق . انه