كان لتنامي القاعدة المعرفية والتقدم التكنولوجي ووسائل الاتصالات الجماهيرية بين دول العالم بصفة عامة في العقود الثلاث الأخيرة أثراً في الإقبال المطّرد لإقدام الطلبة للدراسة في جامعات العالم، ولاسيما الجامعات العراقية، الأمر الذي استوجب التوسع في إنشاء العديد من المؤسسات العلمية والتعليمية المتمثلة بالكليات والمعاهد العلمية والإنسانية، فضلاً عن تطوير المفردات التكوينية لتلك المؤسسات بما يتوافق مع القيمة الاعتبارية لها ضمن حدود المعايير الوظيفية التي تتناسب مع أداء المستخدمين وفعاليتهم في تلك الأماكن.ونتيجة للزخم الحاصل على طلب العلم والتواصل المعرفي، فضلاً عن الزيادة السكانية التي حدثت في السنوات الأخيرة في العراق عموماً. فقد تعرضت بعض المؤسسات التعليمية، ومنها الكليات العلمية والإنسانية إلى اختناقات بشرية نتيجة كثافة السلوكيات الحركية للمستخدمين ما بين الفضاءات الخارجية للكتل البنائية الحيوية كالأقسام العلمية، العمادات، المختبرات، النوادي الطلابية، المكتبات.ومن الجدير بالذكر أن بعض تلك المؤسسات لم تكن معدّة من الناحية التصميمية للعمل ككليات أو معاهد، وإنما هي مجموعة من الأبنية السكنية أو الخدمية جرى وضع اليد عليها من قبل الدولة، ومن ثم توظيفها (بعد إجراء بعض التعديلات على أبنيتها) كمؤسسات علمية، أو تعليمية.ومن خلال الزيارات الميدانية إلى مجمع كلية الآداب – جامعة بغداد (والتي جرى إنشائها أساساً كمجمع للأقسام الداخلية لسكن الطلبة منذ عام 1943م) فقد وجد الباحث أن هناك قصوراً في النظام السلوكي الحركي لمستخدمي الفضاءات الواقعة بين الكتل البنائية، وتباين هذه السلوكيات من ناحية حجم الفعالية من فضاء إلى آخر، فأحياناً تشكّل بعض الفضاءات زخماً بشرياً يؤدي إلى إعاقة حركية ملموسة للمستخدمين في حين تضعف الحركة أو ربما تنعدم في فضاءات ومحاور أخرى.وإزاء تلك المؤشرات. ولغرض الوقوف على طبيعة المتغيرات المسببة لهذا الإرباك والتشوش للسلوك الحركي في الفضاء المذكور والفضاءات المشابهة له. وجد الباحث مبرراً منطقياً لتناول تلك الظاهرة بالدراسة والتحليل من خلال موضوع بحثه الموسوم: " سلوكيات الحركة في الفضاءات البينية للحرم الجامعي
The importance of this research comes from the possibility of achieving positive interaction between accounting and tax through the interest in setting accounting standards and adapting them to local tax legislation, as the adoption of the application of the international standard (IAS 12) for income taxes helps to measure and determine the base for income tax and may lead to an increase in the tax outcome. Through the reliance of enterprises on many accounting bases, and that the tax administration in Iraq depends on the element of personal judgment in determining the tax base, which leads to lack of objectivity in determining the tax outcome, as the impact of the accounting standard (IAS 12) on the tax base and tax outcome is one of th
... Show MoreSuffer most of the industrial sector companies from high Kperfi magnitude of the costs of industrial indirect, lack of equitable distribution of these costs on the objectives of cost, increased competition, and the lack of proper planning in line and changes faced by the industrial sector (general) and sample (private), as well as the difficulty in re- directing efforts to improve profitability and in-depth analysis of activities, and to identify untapped resource activities, then link these activities to the final products The research aims to apply the technology review and evaluate programs with the method (ABC) through the application stages of planning, scheduling and control and a comparison to get to the products of dev
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Objective of this research focused on testing the impact of internal corporate governance instruments in the management of working capital and the reflection of each of them on the Firm performance. For this purpose, four main hypotheses was formulated, the first, pointed out its results to a significant effect for each of corporate major shareholders ownership and Board of Directors size on the net working capital and their association with a positive relation. The second, explained a significant effect of net working capital on the economic value added, and their link inverse relationship, while the third, explored a significant effect for each of the corporate major shareholders ownershi
... Show MoreThe research dealt with the design of the cost accounting system for the transport service and its Role in improving the efficiency of pricing decisions through the application of the cost system based on ABC activities. The main activities were defined and cost guides were to measure the cost of each service and to determine the cost of each service for the purpose of providing management with appropriate information and pricing decisions The problem of research in the lack of adoption by some public companies in the service sector on the cost accounting system to calculate the cost of service as well as the lack of identification of productive activities and service activities and therefore cannot make the appropriate decision t
... Show MoreThe study has tackled three important variables on the strategic and organizational level, that are : (Administrative skill, strategic Entrepreneurship and organizational flexibility). Through the statistical analysis is, the research hers have sought to identify the relation among them. The study has been applied on a sample of (44) private banks in Iraq. A questionnaire, which has been designed according to a number of international standards, has been used. It's made of (29) items that cover the three variables to test their hypotheses. A number of statistical tools have been used A number of conclusion have been reached and recommendations have also been suggested.
The audit profession today gets an increasing interest by the financial , economic and legal contemporary societies , because of the importance of the technical & neutral auditor’s opinion to the financial reports beneficiaries in order to enable them making their investment decisions , but some of them whom suffered damage or loss when they made that decisions according to the mentioned financial statements which consolidated with auditor’s report , exposed the function to a responsibility and credibility crisis in addition to missing the trust especially at the latest years. They always ask why or what is the reason that cause the auditor didn’t giving us any warning signs about the economic mater for that companies.
The research aims to shed light on the amount of proceeds annual tax for each of the way the contract total and percentage of completion method - see which is better - as well as the current problems arising from the application method of the contract in full in settling accounts tax - to identify problems - related to postpone settling accounts tax in accordance with the way the contract fully and determine the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods through practical application , and then use the results as inputs to help in the decision to confirm the continuation of the GCT using a full decade in settling accounts tax for long-term construction contracts or forgo them.
Were the result of research the existence of
... Show MoreThe research seeks to clarify the problems related to the aspects of the financial and accounting process resulting from entering into contractual arrangements with a period of more than 20 years, among which is the research problem represented by the lack of clarity of the foundations and procedures for the recognition of oil costs and additional costs borne by foreign invested companies, which led to a weakening of their credibility and reflection. Negatively "on the measurement and accounting disclosure of financial reports prepared by oil companies, and the research aims to lay down sound procedures for measuring and classifying oil costs and additional costs paid to foreign companies, and recognizing and recording them in th
... Show MoreThe objective of this research is to know the extent to which Iraqi and Arab companies apply the criteria of accounting for sustainability and disclosure, as well as to analyze the content of the annual financial reports of the companies listed in the financial market to determine their compliance with the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board )SASB(. Annual Report The commitment of telecommunications companies to implement sustainability issues related to the standard of telecommunications services reached a general average of (54%) for the sample of the research sample. This means that there is a degree of admissibility in applying the standard. As well as the highest level of reporting to the criterion of the (Jordan Telec
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