Spelling correction is considered a challenging task for resource-scarce languages. The Arabic language is one of these resource-scarce languages, which suffers from the absence of a large spelling correction dataset, thus datasets injected with artificial errors are used to overcome this problem. In this paper, we trained the Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5) model using artificial errors to correct Arabic soft spelling mistakes. Our T5 model can correct 97.8% of the artificial errors that were injected into the test set. Additionally, our T5 model achieves a character error rate (CER) of 0.77% on a set that contains real soft spelling mistakes. We achieved these results using a 4-layer T5 model trained with a 90% error inject

This research was designed to study effect of performance appraisal dimensions on organizational confidence.

Asset completion questionnaire was used to collect data of this research from a random simple represent forty employees who works in Iraqi Oil ministry. The main result of this research was positive relations and the effect between performance appraisal and organizational confidence. The research contains some conclusions, the main of it is unimplemented the performance appraisal results in the policies of employees in the ministry and it work in classic methods incentives and training.

The important recommendations must doing to achieve integrating between the result of pe

The goal of this study was to investigate the protein peroxidation role by measuring serum levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in type 2 diabetic patients with or without retinopathy and comparing them to controls to see if circulating AOPP levels can be used as a detection biomarker for DR. And see which of the two widely used antidiabetic treatment groups had the most impact on this oxidative stress marker. The groups were divided into two subgroups: 1) 70 type 2 diabetic patients (36 male, 34 female), 35 with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 35 with no evidence of DR, and 2) non-diabetic controls (11 male, 9 female) were chosen from Ibn AL-Haitham Hospital for Ophthalmology and a Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Dia

The Organizational Transparency is regarded one of the effective means in the attempts of the restoration and working to prevent the corruption and reduce the negative managerial economic social and political effects.

Accordingly, this study aims at importance of performing an explorative analytical study in order to stand on the effect of the Organizational Transparency in the reduction of environment of Iraqi Organizations.

To achieve this study, three hypotheses were chosen; the first is the correlation relation and the second is the effect and the third is the differences, and statistical means represented by correlation coefficient "Spearman", "", "Mann- Whit

The Accommodation industry in Iraq suffers from many problems, especially after 2003, when the Accommodation industry was exposed to many crises due to the security and political situation in Iraq, which negatively affected the administrative operations inside the industry and created many problems, the most important of which are deterioration, high costs and poor performance, so some hotel administrations sought To find alternative solutions that help in the advancement of hotels, one of the proposals is to go to technology, as technology is currently one of the most important solutions to solve large complex problems, as the world has turned to automation to solve complex problems such as increasing production, reducing costs, and rai

Social networking sites represent one of the modern communication technologies that have contributed to the expression of public opinion trends towards various events and crises of which security crisis is most important being characterized by its ability to influence the community life of the public. In order to recognize its role in shaping opinions of the educated class of the public that is characterized by a high level of knowledge, culture and having experience in dealing with the media. Its advantage is that they have an active audience by expressing their views on the situations, events, and news published on them as well as expressing their attitudes and sympathy with the events. So a number of questions are included in the ques

Authentic materials are the most important tools that the teacher could use in class in order to make teaching go smoothly and effectively in transmitting the necessary knowledge to all students. This research has investigated experimentally the effect of using authentic materials in teaching English as a foreign Language, because a number of studies point out that the use of authentic materials is regarded a useful means to motivate learners, arouse their interest and expose them to the real language they will face in real life situations.

It is hypothesis that there is no statistical significance difference between the experimental group who taught English as a foreign language by using the authentic materials with those  

We use of multi-choice Goal Programming (MCGP), which is a developed model of Goal Programming where it is used in circumstances of the multiplicity and difference of goals when choosing between decision alternatives in cases of allocating resources, as it is a model that seeks to find the closest and best solutions to the specific values ​​of the goals within the aspiration levels, as the first goal in the multi-choice goal programming model that is used to reduce the total cost of storage and shortage, while the other goal was to reduce the difference between the real demand that the hospitals need from the blood transfusion center and the units that already achieved. The case Iraqi Center

This study aimed to identify the attitudes of school teachers and principals at basic government schools in Ajloun governorate towards the inclusion of disabled students at basic schools, and investigate how they will accept the merger. To achieve the purpose of this study, a questionnaire containing 35 items was administered to school teachers and principals to measure their attitudes toward the inclusion of disabled students in regular schools. The sample of this study consisted of 43 male teachers and (74) female teachers and principals. The frequency, normal distribution, arithmetic means and t-test were used to analyze the data of present study.          The findings showed that there

The way used to estimate the fuzzy reliability differs according to the nature of the information of failure time which has been dealt in this research.The information of failure times has no probable distribution to explain it , in addition it has fuzzy quality.The research includes fuzzy reliability estimation of three periods ,the first one from 1986 to 2013,the second one from 2013 to 2033 while the third one from 2033 to 2066 .Four failure time have been chosen to identify the membership function of fuzzy trapezoid represented in the pervious years after taking in consideration the estimation of most researchers, proffional    geologists and the technician who is incharge of maintaining of Mosul Dam project. B