There has been a growing interest in the use of chaotic techniques for enabling secure communication in recent years. This need has been motivated by the emergence of a number of wireless services which require the channel to provide low bit error rates (BER) along with information security. The aim of such activity is to steal or distort the information being conveyed. Optical Wireless Systems (basically Free Space Optic Systems, FSO) are no exception to this trend. Thus, there is an urgent necessity to design techniques that can secure privileged information against unauthorized eavesdroppers while simultaneously protecting information against channel-induced perturbations and errors. Conventional cryptographic techniques are not designed

Our research addresses one of the aspects of nostalgia for one of the most well-known Israeli writers of Iraqi origin (Sami Michael) who spent his childhood in Baghdad. The Israeli government has also been forced to emigrate with its family as a result of the Zionist propaganda that the Zionist institutions have followed since the early decades of this century in the Arab unrest and massacres. The fact that the homeland is like a mother is A fact that is compelling and something of an expatriate human being; the homeland is a fact that remains in the person's consciousness to be the image of the mother: The lover, love, safety, identity. The language that is formulated, and the memories that make its past, present and future, are all concep

In this paper, the definition of fuzzy anti-inner product in a linear space is introduced. Some results of fuzzy anti-inner product spaces are given, such as the relation between fuzzy inner product space and fuzzy anti-inner product. The notion of minimizing vector is introduced in fuzzy anti-inner product settings.

A complete metric space is a well-known concept. Kreyszig shows that every non-complete metric space  can be developed into a complete metric space , referred to as completion of .

We use the b-Cauchy sequence to form  which “is the set of all b-Cauchy sequences equivalence classes”. After that, we prove  to be a 2-normed space. Then, we construct an isometric by defining the function from  to ; thus  and  are isometric, where  is the subset of  composed of the equivalence classes that contains constant b-Cauchy sequences. Finally, we prove that  is dense in ,  is complete and the uniqueness of  is up to isometrics

The metric dimension and dominating set are the concept of graph theory that can be developed in terms of the concept and its application in graph operations. One of some concepts in graph theory that combine these two concepts is resolving dominating number. In this paper, the definition of resolving dominating number is presented again as the term dominant metric dimension. The aims of this paper are to find the dominant metric dimension of some special graphs and corona product graphs of the connected graphs  and , for some special graphs  . The dominant metric dimension of  is denoted by  and the dominant metric dimension of corona product graph G and H is denoted by .

The local resolving neighborhood  of a pair of vertices  for  and  is if there is a vertex  in a connected graph  where the distance from  to  is not equal to the distance from  to , or defined by . A local resolving function  of  is a real valued function   such that  for  and . The local fractional metric dimension of graph  denoted by , defined by  In this research, the author discusses about the local fractional metric dimension of comb product are two graphs, namely graph  and graph , where graph  is a connected graphs and graph  is a complate graph &

The aim of this thesis is to introduce a new concept of fibrewise topological spaces which is said to be fibrewise slightly topological spaces. We generalize some of the main results that have been reached from fibrewise topology into fibrewise slightly topological space. We introduce the concepts of fibrewise slightly closed, fibrewise slightly open, fibrewise locally sliceable, and fibrewise locally sectionable slightly topological spaces. Also, state and prove several propositions related to these concepts. On the other hand, extend separation axioms of ordinary topology into fibrewise setting. The separation axioms are said to be fibrewise slightly T_0 spaces, fibrewise slightly T_1 spaces, fibrewise slightly R_0 spaces, fibrewise s

The problem of research tagged: (metaphor and its transformations in the surreal drawing) dealt with the nature of the concept of metaphor and the mechanisms of its work in the contemporary global achievement. The research came in four chapters: The first chapter was concerned with the systematic framework for the research represented by the problem of the research, as it was manifested through this study by metaphor and its transformations, which were associated with the Surreal drawing papers in Europe. The goal of the study has been crystallized with the following:

Exposing metaphor and its transformations in the visual system of the surreal drawing.
As for the limits of the research, I was interested in analyzing video mod

RMK Al-Zaid, AT Al-Musawi, SJ Mohammad