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Formal Substitution in Logo Design: حاتم كاطع لكن حسن
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substitution is considered a method of meaning enrichment and is a formal substitution for the letter or the word inside the text, and it is an expression substitution that is a replacement of an element of a text with a formal or graphic element, and a substitution of a latter form by a previous vocalization, thus it results in a cohesive expression. Replacement inside the text happens through the existing relation between the word or the letter and the form within the phenomenon that is based on enhancing the meaning in a way that delimits the context. There are many studies and researches written about replacement, especially in the textual linguistics that focused on the literary and linguistic texts. Hence, the researcher found that this concept can be applied on design and its artistic structure that is formed of parts. Thus, the research is made into chapters, the first chapter determined the problem which is stated in the following question:
What is the role of the formal substitution in enhancing communication discourse in the logo design?
The research objective is (discovering formal substitution methods and what it achieves). The theoretical framework consists of three sections: the first one (the concept of substitution, substitution in Art). The second section (logo formal substitution, types of formal substitutions). The third section addressed (the logo design, types of logos). Two research models have been described and analyzed based on the analysis items that are drawn from the theoretical framework and the resulting indicators. Then the researcher presented the results and conclusions reached at including:

The formal substitution in the structure of the logos contributes in strengthening the functional side through the expressive aspect of the iconic picture and its simulation of the reality which would contribute in the speed of communication between the logo and the receiver as is the case in all the models. The researcher arranged the recommendations in the lights of the results of the research such as:

• The need for the Iraqi sport institutions to pay attention to design sport logos keeping pace with the scientific development in the design field and the logo in particular through hiring academic and specialized designers. The research ended with a list of relevant resources and an abstract in English

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 11 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Contribution of Ball Launching and Ring Entrance Angle Variables in 3 points Jump Shot in Basketball
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The research aimed at identifying the values of ball launch and ring entrance angle and relations among them as well as identifying the contribution of ball launch and angle variables in 3 point jump in basketball. The researchers hypothesized statistical relation between ball launch and entrance angle. They used the descriptive method on (10) basketball players best known for their 3 point jump shot. Each player is given (10) attempts and only attempts with a larger entrance angle in recorded. The results showed that the height of ball launch players an integral role in decreasing entrance angle as well as ball launch angle did not correlate with the entrance angle. Finally, ball launch variables have no effect or contribution on ball entr

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Role of the evaluation process of the staff in determining the training programs Field research in the Office of the Inspector General of the Ministry of Health / Iraq
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         The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between the performance evaluation process and the training programs for the employees, to identify the extent of the organization's commitment to perform the performance evaluation process for its employees and to use the results of this process in determining the appropriate training programs. Performance evaluation, functional analysis, evaluation method used, dependent variable (training programs) and its dimensions, type of programs, program objectives, program curriculum, And the application of the field research methodology and the questionnaire, which included 146 individuals to know their views and analyz

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Risk management in industrial economic units by using Pareto Chart
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In the light of the globalization Which surrounds the business environment and whose impact has been reflected on industrial economic units  the whole world has become a single market that affects its variables on all units and is affected by the economic contribution of each economic unit as much as its share. The problem of this research is that the use of Pareto analysis enables industrial economic units to diagnose the risks surrounding them , so the main objective of the research was to classify risks into both internal and external types and identify any risks that require more attention.

The research was based on the hypothesis that Pareto analysis used, risks can be identified and addressed before they occur.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A prospective study on sexual deviation deployed in Baghdad crimes
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The current research aims to identify the types and rates and the reasons for the crimes that are with the origin and sexual scattered deviation between the fabric of Iraqi society, which reticent about because of the culture of the community, where he offered a researcher investigator justice and tribal leaders and lawyers about proportion and the types and causes of crime is the origin of sexual deviance and finally a question asked a researcher in 1000 young lived their adolescence days of the former regime (1979-2003) from going to brothels researcher found that 920 people and 92% had gone to the house to practice adultery and that 70 of them, and by 7% had engaged in masturbation only and that 10 of them have not committed anything

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Some New Fixed Point Theorems in Weak Partial Metric Spaces
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The main objective of this work is to introduce and investigate fixed point (F. p) theorems for maps that satisfy contractive conditions in weak partial metric spaces (W.P.M.S), and give some new generalization of the fixed point theorems of Mathews and Heckmann. Our results extend, and unify a multitude of (F. p) theorems and generalize some results in (W.P.M.S). An example is given as an illustration of our results.

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Computerized Knowledge Operations in Improving Business Performance
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This research aimed at studying the role of calculated knowledge an its efficiency in improving the performance especially most of the organizations are living within knowledge era which concentrate on new technology investment in different fields of modern live . Under the scientific trends towards the economy of calculated knowledge which depend basically on new computer program in order to utilize the knowledge to raise the level of work performance exploiting different resources in the best way that helps the organizations to achieve their objectives because the information technology and computer programs became a means of survival and indispensible instrument within the developed world which depend on prosperity . progress

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 15 2005
Journal Name
Journal Of Palestine Ahliya University For Research And Studies
Digital Stress Among University Students in Light of Certain Variables
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This study aimed to measure digital stress among students at the University of Baghdad and to identify differences in digital stress based on gender (male–female), academic level (first–fourth year), and field of study (scientific–humanities). The study sample consisted of 200 students from the University of Baghdad. The "Digital Stress" scale, developed by the researcher specifically for this study, was applied, and the descriptive-analytical method was adopted. After administering the scale and analyzing the results using appropriate statistical methods, the findings indicated that university students experience a high level of digital stress, while no statistically significant differences were found in digital stress accord

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Turkish and Iranian attitudes toward Political changes in Middle East
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There are many developments in political, strategic aspects in the middle east either in
international field which represented by U.S.A as first polar in world or territorial field which
represent by Turkey and Iran, as territorial powers in the region, Turkish role is fit with
American position in order to draw new map of middle east, Turkey advocate new policy to
confirm its attitude in Euro peen Union and its relation with U.S.A.
Iran adopted policy of Expansion in Iraq, Yamen, Lebanon and Syria, in addition Iran
enlist all it efforts to develop its Nuclear program and enter Nuclear club which make Iran,
Super power in middle east and the world, each Turkey and Iran have certain attitudes toward
all political c

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2019
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Itentional deliberative in Surat Al-Zumar M. Sheeda Khader Karim
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This research deals with deliberative intentionality in its two dimensions, deliberative intent, direct, and indirect deliberative intent, and deliberative intentionality assumed great importance to ancient and contemporary scholars. The text, relying on deliberative intent as a methodology concerned with the study of language in usage, and the research focuses on direct deliberative intent through (the intent of acceptability, the intent of the presumption, the intent of the informational, the intent of interaction), and the indirect deliberative intent through (the intentionality of the case, the intent of the metaphor, The intent of the communicative impulse, the intent of the allusion,), and these deliberative elements activate and c

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Perceptual Curiosity among Students of Religious Schools in Anbar Province
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Abstract

The aim of the research is to identify the cognitive curiosity of students of religious schools in the al-Anbar Governorate. The sample consisted of (346) students from the secondary stage in religious schools affiliated with the Department of Religious Education and Islamic Studies. The sample included (232) males, (114) females, and (225) represented the intermediate stage, (121) represented the preparatory stage in religious schools. The researcher developed a scale of perceptual curiosity comprising (30) items with three alternatives (always applicable to me, rarely applicable to me, not applicable to me). The results showed that religious school students have a perceptive curiosity; there are no sta

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