Background: Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of using a hot material in the root canal and its potential for causing damage to the tooth supporting structure. Materials and methods: thirty permanent premolars were obturated with thermoplasticized Gutta-Percha using three different obturation techniques: soft core, Thermafil, and obtura to evaluate the rise in temperature on the root surface using a multipurpose digital thermometer. Results: temperature increases was significantly greater for Obtura versus Soft core (p<0.003), not significant for Thermafil versus Soft core (p<0.087), and Thermafil versus Obtura (p<0.125). Conclusions: temperatures rise on the root surface were below the critical level and, therefore, s

There has been a growing interest in the use of chaotic techniques for enabling secure communication in recent years. This need has been motivated by the emergence of a number of wireless services which require the channel to provide low bit error rates (BER) along with information security. The aim of such activity is to steal or distort the information being conveyed. Optical Wireless Systems (basically Free Space Optic Systems, FSO) are no exception to this trend. Thus, there is an urgent necessity to design techniques that can secure privileged information against unauthorized eavesdroppers while simultaneously protecting information against channel-induced perturbations and errors. Conventional cryptographic techniques are not designed

The theories and applications of speaker identification, recognition, and verification are among the well-established fields. Many publications and advances in the relevant products are still emerging. In this paper, research-related publications of the past 25 years (from 1996 to 2020) were studied and analysed. Our main focus was on speaker identification, speaker recognition, and speaker verification. The study was carried out using the Science Direct databases. Several references, such as review articles, research articles, encyclopaedia, book chapters, conference abstracts, and others, were categorized and investigated. Summary of these kinds of literature is presented in this paper, together with statistical analyses

Were arranged this study on two sections, which included first section comparison between markets proposed through the use of transport models and the use of the program QSB for less costs , dependant the optimal solution  to chose the suggested market  to locate new market that achieve lower costs in the transport of goods from factories (ALRasheed ,ALAmeen , AlMaamun ) to points of sale, but the second part has included comparison of all methods of transport (The least cost method ,Vogels method , Results Approximations method , Total method) depending on the agenda of transport, which includes the market proposed selected from the first section and choose the way in which check the solution first best suited in terms

In this study, a new, rapid and sensitive batch and flow injection-merging zones spectrophotometric methods for the determination of hydroquinone in a pure material and in pharmaceutical preparation were proposed. These methods were based on the oxidative-coupling reaction of HQ with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydazine (DNPH) in the presence of sodium periodate and sodium hydroxide to form a dark brown water slouble dye that is stable and has maximum absorption at 530 nm, graphs of absorbance versus concentration show that Beer's low is obeyed over the concentration rang of 1-40 and 3-300 μg.ml-1 of hydroquinone, with detection limits of 0.162 and 0.510 μg.ml-1 of hydroquinone for batch and FIA methods, respectively. The optimized FIA system is

This study aims to demonstrate the morphotectonic evidence (drainage pattern, formations of sedimentary rocks, structural ridge deformations and spectral reflectance differences…etc.) for tectonic uplift with the syncline zone between two major anticlines, Kirkuk anticline in the northeast and Qara Chauq anticline in the southwest. The study area is located in the low folded zone at the geographical coordinates of 35º 45´ to 35º 55´ North and 43º 30´ to 44º 00´ East. In this study, the tectonic uplift was named as Dushwan uplift, because the uplift of the rocks was adjacent to Dushwan village.

     The regional stress, originating from the collision of the Arabian plate with the E

Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) are comparable for nasopharyngeal cancerous radiation therapy. This research intends to analyze the high-quality plan using accomplishment, conformance, and homogeneity criteria.

The study involved 40 patients with a postnasal cancerous tumor. The patients underwent computed tomography (CT) simulation to scan the anatomical details of the patients' heads. Then, their data was forwarded to the treatment planning system (TPS) workstation for IMRT and VMAT planning. The plans were evaluated using the IOA, HI, and CI indices.

The nasopharynx coverage results consist of the GTV and PTV at 95%. The statistical study reveals that VMAT provides