The concept of clarity and readability of the written texts is an important goal in order to convey the communication idea to the receiver easily; the written texts have special significance because it is the most effective way to fulfill this idea as well as to achieve the aesthetic dimension of the written material, and clarity in the written texts is a prerequisite for reading, and readability is the speed of the optical reading of the written form, as the letters design plays a key role in facilitating the readability of the texts, and thus, it is necessitated to take care of these texts and studied them thoroughly in terms of shape for easy to read, and thus to understand the implications of the texts.
For that reason, the researchers have identified the problem of their research the following question?:
Are the clarity and readability fulfilled in the commercials designs
The importance of the current research is shown in enriching the cognitive side of the clarity and readability for those who involved in the design field in commercials as well as opening scientific horizons towards the development of ideas presented in commercials designs.
As for the objective of this research, it lies in the detection of the clarity and readability concept of the commercials designs.
The research limits of the commercials included the physical and objective limits as well as the spatial limits of Arab commercial ads and time limits in 2009, and that what was included in the first chapter.
The second chapter covers the theoretical scope which included (the concept of clarity, readability and the spatial organizing variables of the written texts and formal elements in the commercials).
The third chapter is devoted to the research procedure, where the researchers followed the descriptive content as a method to analyze the content for the purpose of monitoring the phenomena.
The unit of analysis is identified for the reason that it bears an integrated communication idea in which ideas can be elicited through the analysis and thus 24 units were formed as samples of the research community in which (3) samples have been selected using the non-probabilistic intentionality manner of the total community.
The researchers have reached in the fourth chapter to scientific findings and conclusions in which objectives set were achieved. These results include the following
1.The reading clarity in terms of implementation, use, alignment, spacing, and choosing of letters were not suitable due to the decrease in font size compared to the size of the advertisement in the advertising texts as in the sample (1)
2.The written texts are a design necessity because it is complementary to the images to interpret and explain them because the advertisement needs precision to be interpreted and to show its design idea content, as in the sample (1), (3)
3.The written texts are an influential factor in achieving clarity and readability and the ability to absorb the formal employment as in the sample (2)
4.Spacing between lines and char
acters in the written texts were not carefully considered which leads to lack of readability and clarity as in the samples (1), (3).
Background: The present study involved the following parts, the first part is evaluation of the levels of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), creatinine, uric acid(UA) and albumin in patients with diabetic nephropathy comparison with the group of healthy as a control group. The second part is the measurement and evaluation of oxidative stress represented in the malondihydehyde(MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress as well as the identification of vitamins C and E as an antioxidant in patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN) compared with the healthy group. Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate oxidative stress by calculate malondialdehyd as biomarker and evaluate some vitamins such as vit C and vit E as antioxidants in diabetic neph
... Show MoreArtichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is a nutritious vegetable that grown all over the world. It is a promising herbal plant, rich in bioactive components. It is considered as medicinal plant due to its nutritional and phytochemical composition, especially high proportion of phenolic compounds. The primary aim of this study was to achieve chemical profile analyses of artichoke for different phytochemcials, especially Scolymoside and Cynaroside. Methanolic crude was extracted from Artichoke leaves by rotary evaporator and separated by column chromatography. The fractions monitored by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and identified in High-Pressure Liquid Chroma
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Mammary tumors (CMT) in dogs in Iraq may be induced by carcinogenic war ordnance. In our study, 10 virgin un- spayed military/pet bitches aged 5-15 years presented with abnormal masses in the abdomen with painful oedema, swelling, anorexia, weight loss, weakness and mild fever. Examination of regional lymph nodes and thoracic radiography confirmed metastasis. Tumors were excised and determined to be mostly adenocarcinomas involving multiple glands, solid in texture, 5-15 cm in size, mostly in the inguinal mammary glands at stage T3: >5 cm. Microscopy confirmed presence of adenocarcinoma in 8 dogs and solid carcinoma in 2 with half of tumors being grade III. Tumors had pleomorphic hyperchromatic cell nuclei in stroma, epithelial cells of duc
... Show MoreOsteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disorder that is characterized by reduced bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. The most frequent osteoporotic fractures are fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine. The exact causes of OP are still unknown; several factors contribute to the disorder. Subjects and Methods: This study consists of patient groups, this group (Group A) was composed of 80 postmenopausal women with OP and osteopenia and the patient group was subdivided into two group; First group (GroupA1) was composed of 50 postmenopausal women with OP and the second group (Group A2) composed of (30) Postmenopausal Women with oste
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The present study describes employing zero-, 1st - and 2nd -order derivative spectrophotometric methods have been developed for determination of lorazepam (LORA) and clonazepam (CLON) in commercially available tablets. LORA was determined by means of 1st (D1), 2nd (D2) derivative spectrophotometric techniques using zero cross, peak height, and Peak area. D1 used for the determination of CLON by using zero cross and peak height while D2 (zero cross) was used for the determination of CLON. The method was established to be linear in concentration containing different ratios of LORA and CLON range of (20-200 mg/L) and (5-35 mg/L) at wavelength range (250 -370 nm), (210-370nm) respectively. The proposed techniques are highly sensitive, precise a
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Abstract
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