Reduction has been linked visually in art since man began making functional and aesthetic forms, and this beginning can be identified with cave paintings. Reduction is one of the clearest indications of intellectual presence in aesthetic experience. Modernism was greatly supported by the great transformations that the intellectual movement witnessed in the world in general and in Europe in particular. There, and their transfer of European artistic experiences, and the reflection of this influence in their aesthetic sculptures, and for this reason the researchers find that the study of the aesthetic references of the reductive forms in the Iraqi sculptural experience represents a great importance in the study of the history of contemporary sculpture, to consider the concept of reduction and its performance applications, so the research includes four chapters The first chapter included the methodological framework for the research, and in it we reviewed the research problem, as we explained in it the plastic art’s dealings in general with the concept of reduction, and then the applications of reduction in the art of European and Iraqi sculpture, starting from this question: What are the references for selection in contemporary Iraqi sculpture? Then we presented the importance of the research and its aim in identifying the working mechanisms of the concept of shorthand and its references in contemporary Iraqi sculpture, and the limits of research between (2003-2023), and we showed a number of definitions of shorthand linguistically, idiomatically and procedurally.
Then, in the second chapter marked by the theoretical framework of the research: we presented three topics, the first of which was devoted to the concept of shorthand and its performance applications in the arts of ancient civilizations. The second topic was devoted to the study of reductionism in the arts of European modernity, and in the third topic, we dealt with reductionism in contemporary Iraqi sculpture, and then presented the theoretical framework indicators.
In the third chapter tagged: the procedural framework of the research: we presented the research community, which included all the Iraqi artists who worked in the shorthand format in their sculptural works within the limits of the research, and we set a number of conditions for choosing the research sample, and it was chosen in an intentional way, and it included four samples, and we also used the observation tool to collect The research sample information, and the analysis was done according to the descriptive analytical method.
The researchers reached a number of results, including: that the act of reduction is a dominant and distinctive feature in the outputs of contemporary Iraqi sculpture, which depends on simplification, pruning and deletion, and also achieved by symbolic abbreviations in the artwork and the concentration and intensification of the significance, as it appeared that the contemporary Iraqi sculptor was influenced by the European artistic schools and trends that dominated On the global artistic act in the twentieth century, and what followed within the precursors of preoccupation with the arts of modernity and beyond, in addition to being affected by the cultural depth of the civilization of the Mesopotamia Valley, just as reductionism achieved for the sculptor proof of his self and personal style, then we presented recommendations and proposals. Then we included proven sources, references and appendices.
Native speakers of English from different parts of the world have different accents,but the differences of accents are mainly the result of differences in the sound of vowels and consonants . The actual use of all these sounds in combination leads the speaker to produce a number of segments which only appear on the production level and realized on the perceptual one . RP pronunciation represents the teachable variety in all Iraqi universities because it is the most acceptable and understandable accent all over the world and not only in South East London ..The structure of the English syllable in RP pronunciation is influenced by the appearance of certain allophones especially aspiration and glottalization which ch
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( chloroform). Using silica gel G60 packed glass column chromatography with mobile phase benzene: methanol: acetic acid 20:4:1 a
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The triangulation computations are carried out by using (ERDAS LPS) software, and the direct measurements are taken directly on the simulated model to substitute using GPS/INS in real case. Two computational tests have been implemented to evaluate the positional accuracy for the whole model and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) relating to (30) check points show that th
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... Show MoreAsset management involves efficient planning of economic and technical performance characteristics of infrastructure systems. Managing a sewer network requires various types of activities so the network can be able to achieve a certain level of performance. During the lifetime of the network various components will start to deteriorate leading to bad performance and can damage the infrastructure. The main objective of this research is to develop deterioration models to provide an assessment tool for determining the serviceability of the sewer networks in Baghdad city the Zeppelin line was selected as a case study, as well as to give top management authorities the appropriate decision making. Different modeling techniques
... Show MoreAntibiotics are essential for treating infectious diseases, but their overuse and adverse effects are raising concerns about global public health. The pervasiveness of antibiotic contamination in aquatic environments has drawn increased attention in recent years. The primary concern regarding the release of antibiotics into the environment is the potential for microorganisms to become resistant to antibiotics. This review article summarizes the analytical methods used to determine the presence of trimethoprim and metronidazole in various environmental samples. These antibiotics have traditionally been analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry or high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry; fluorescence or ultrav
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