In this work, porous silicon gas sensor hs been fabricated on n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers of (100) orientation denoted by n-PS using electrochemical etching (ECE) process at etching time 10 min and etching current density 40 mA/cm2. Deposition of the catalyst (Cu) is done by immersing porous silicon (PS) layer in solution consists of 3ml from (Cu) chloride with 4ml (HF) and 12ml (ethanol) and 1 ml (H2O2). The structural, morphological and gas sensing behavior of porous silicon has been studied. The formation of nanostructured silicon is confirmed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement as well as it shows the formation of an oxide silicon layer due to chemical reaction. Atomic force microscope for PS illustrates that the p

يعتقد البعض ان مفهوم العلم يعني الآلات والاجهزة العلمية (تقنيات التعليم) وهي لا تختلف عن مفهوم تكنولوجيا المعلومات , ويعد هذا الاعتقاد خاطئ , لان العلم هو بناء المعرفة العلمية المنظمة والتي يتم التوصل اليها عن طريق البحث العلمي , اما تكنولوجيا المعلومات فهي "التطبيقات العملية للمعرفة العلمية في مختلف المجالات ذات الفائدة المباشرة بحياة الانسان, او هي النواحي التطبيقية للعلم وما يرتبط بها من آلات واجهزة".

     Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTAs) were successfully decorated with nanoclusters of cobalt by an electrochemical deposition method. This Co-TiO2 NTAs nanostructure exhibited high compatibility with aluminum chloride\ chloroacetamide (an ionic liquid) and calcium chloride dihydrate\ acetamide (a deep eutectic solvent), leading to significant improvements in the electrochemical properties of the system. Significantly, this led to a discernible augmentation in both potential and current values, concomitant with a decrease in internal resistance. The presence of cobalt facilitated a faster transfer of electric charge, enhancing the overall efficiency of the system. Moreover, the incorporation of cobalt exhibited a ben

Dumping policy considered as one of the policies occurs severe damages to the developing countries apparently this is happens due to the potential weakness in (productive, technical, legislative, legal institutions) comparing with other developed countries who are members in WTO.

Iraq consider as one of the developing countries that has been effected by the dumping policy, the events in Iraq since downfall of the formal regime, and the allied forces domination of Iraq have all together accelerated in the apace of deterioration , particularly , after the temporary coalition authority  has forced Iraq to adopt a free foreign trade policy& exclusion of the state from the market mechanism & to consolidate import and deac

The research was limited to the teachers of the kindergartens in Baghdad ( Rusafa – Karkh ) in 2009 - 2010 . The sample included 160 teachers and 160 children. The researcher selected 10% from the kindergartens in each directorate on Rusafa and Karkh randomly. The researcher selected 10 teachers (guiders) intentionally from each selected kindergarten. The researcher made sure of exiting the question by questionnaire distributed on the schoolmasters of the kindergartens and children's families. By the research tools, the researcher built two measurements; the first measurements are for the characteristics of the teacher and the second is for experience of the child according to the scientific procedures measurement. An open questionnair

        The right of a child to obtain a sufficient quantity and variety, healthy and safe from the elements in the food and breakfast is one of the most important rights to be able to perform his mental and physical properly and sound.
And that not eating breakfast leads to delayed maturation of mental function as well as behavior problems, and that this is happening due to the decline of taken daily for some important nutrients during the first four years of the child's age, also affect the performance of the mental processes, especially (attention, perception, memory) because the child in the process of growth, which is determined by the dimensions of phy

Represents the individual's sense of responsibility in various forms, important for personal normal traits, whether the responsibility towards the family, or the institution in which it operates, or about colleagues and friends and neighbors and other people who mingle with them, or about society in general, or about humanity as a whole, though the hair everyone in the community of responsibility towards other people who are assigned to care for them and take care of them, and some noticeable work that people anywhere if Have the social responsibility, and stressed in their actions to the general principles of such cooperation, sacrifice and altruism and love and helping others, and if it prevailed in such behaviors, it will be r

The compensatory health beliefs and their relation to the health self-regulation

The idea of health promotion is set from the philosophy that good health is the outcome of the accumulative personal achievement. It includes, on the individual run,  developing the health habits at an early stage, and maintaining them in the two stages of adulthood and old age.

            For the psychologist  , the idea of developing health includes the development of an intervention system aiming at helping people perform healthy practices and change those practices that damage health. Literature indicate that the individual when per