The organization and coordination of any communication is based on the system of turn-taking which refers to the process by which a participant in a conversation takes the role of speaker. The progression of any conversation is achieved by the change of roles between speaker and hearer which, in its turn, represents the heart of the turn-taking system. The turn-taking system is not a random process but it is a highly organized process governed by a set of rules. Thus, this system has certain features and rules which exist in any English communicative process. These rules, if applied by speakers, help to achieve successful exchange of turns in any conversation. This paper attempts to present full exposition of the concepts of conversation, conversation analysis and institutional talk. This is the subject-matter of section one. In the second section, a comprehensive theoretical background of turn-taking system has been presented. The paper mainly aims at making detailed analysis of the Turn-taking system in the American Presidential Debates. The analysis is done in the third section by investigating and examining the corpus which consists of three American Presidential Debates chosen randomly. These debates are: 1. Republican presidential candidate debate in Simi Valley, California January 30, 2008. 2. Republican presidential candidate debate in Washington, DC November 22, 2011. 3. Republican presidential candidate debate in Des Moines December 10, 2011. The three debates have been downloaded from the internet from the website http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/debates.php. In each debate, there are a number of presidential candidates who have different political orientations. The analysis is presented through certain points supported by statistics and examples which are in the form of quoted extracts chosen from the three debates analyzed. Section four is devoted for presenting the conclusions arrived at throughout conducting the analysis of the three debates.
Waste is the most common phenomenon in the educational systems. Such a waste should reduce its efficiency and weaken its productivity which is best represented by failing and dropouts .thus resources meant to develop the educational institutions quality and quantity–wise would be wasted .in other words the return of the investments allotted to develop the educational system would fall short of the aims . The consequences would worst in the primary learning field. The research has three chapters: The first chapter is about significance of the research and its aims in addition to a review of literature. The second chapter is about the concept of dropping out of schools in the primary learning sector plus a history of the phenomenon .Thir
... Show MoreThis research in the philosophy of ethics, we have written under the title (Sensory And Mental Dialogue In The Philosophy Of Ethics -Criticism And Analysis-). Consists of three sections; first: talked dealt within the second part; we writhe about controversial consepts of sensory and mental. Then we about the concept of common philosophical doctrines, either in the third section we talked about the concept of the mind doctrines that secured sence mainly studies in philosophy. The purpose for which our finding in this research is to show that undeniable sense or exceeded in any doctrine of mentale doctrines, just as the mind can not be bypassed or undeniable doctrines sensory ... So as to complete the theory that we have in our thesis to
... Show MoreThe theme of unity of the topics that figured prominently Quran, cited preachers and scholars verses function on the unity and sense, to lift the nation from Hdtha, saved from the crisis, in an attempt to reunite and heal the rift, and re nation to unity and strength, and conduct on the path religion True, The Quran the unit is the Constitution of the Islamic nation and a safety valve, a strong rope of God. The following us in our research and Rod talk about it lonely in the Quran, and the statement of some form, and means its findings, including: (obey Allah and His Messenger, and referring to the Quran and Sunnah, and talk by saying better, reform between the brothers, call wisdom and good advice, etc.. ..), as Pena main obstacles and
... Show MoreTrading global discourse topic as one of the other entrances to world peace, and the most important reasons for co-existence of intellectual and lumpy, and there Important issue related to a fundamental issue of the other cases are denied and the exclusion of others, Trading global discourse topic as one of the other entrances to world peace, and the most important reasons for co-existence of intellectual and lumpy, and there Important issue related to a fundamental issue of the other cases are denied and the exclusion of others, The stories of the prophets and their people the position of calling them and thought the new Massadik it. have found through research that there are two types of methods in the exclusion are as follows:
... Show MoreThe analysis of Iraqi light oil (light naphtha) by capillary gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed by the injection of whole naphtha sample without use of solvents. Qualitative analysis and the identification of the hydrocarbon constituents of light naphtha was performed and comparison had been done with American light oil (light naphtha). The obtained results showed a major difference between the two-light naphtha.
Geographical, economic, historical, environmental and security factors play a role in strengthening the drive towards union, as well as addressing the need to express regional and federal identity. This is a clear example of this tendency. One legal or one political system with the parts of this united personality retaining their privacy and identity, and there is a delegation to the central entity of the union with some of the common powers while retaining some powers for these parts or states, which means the availability of autonomy for the constituent states of the union and this is the most important characteristic of the federal states or federations It is the autonomy of each state or country participating in the union. Accordingly,
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This study aims to identify the extent to which the criteria of the American Council for Teaching Foreign Languages (ACTFL) are included in the English language books for the fifth and sixth graders. To achieve the objective of the study, a content analysis card was prepared, where the classification of language proficiencies was divided into five main levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced, superior, and distinguished) of the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing), The content analysis card consisted of (89) indicators distributed at the four levels of language skills as follows: Listening (17), speaking (33), reading (15), and writing (26). The study sample consisted of Engl
... Show MoreThis study aims to identify the concepts of financial crisis and its reasons of creation , also explain the effects of the accounting disclosure and the International Accounting Standards in current financial crisis, In addition to, indicate the role of accounting in the reform of the financial system from the impact of financial crisis.
The methodology of this study orientied to two main aspects, the first is an identifying approach through exploring the opinion of financial experts, the second aspect is based on an analytical approach to satisfy the requirements of experts to get there opi
... Show MoreThe accounting system of government is considered an important tool to follow up the financial transactions that reflect the activities of governmental units and by which the useful information for estimating governmental annual revenues and expenditures are provided through the state public budget because it is an information system that provides detailed past performance, as well as measures the efficiency of the governmental agencies performance in implementing the budget, and the of success governmental units is measured through the type of services and programs offered, their size and the possibility of achieving the objectives assigned to them. The medical evacuation program is one of the medical and curative health services provid
... Show MoreAZ Khalaf, M kassim Haidir, LK Jasim, Iraqi Journal of Science, 2012