Literature historians and researchers almost agree that literature is a product of the environment and it is the product of interaction of events and it affected by the direction of that environment and then the literature affects the its environment and the modern science confirms this fact until make the environment competes hereditary factor in its effect because that each environment has its characteristics which affect the literature and leaves its effect on it and even when a writer exaggerate in its monopolize and tyranny of selfin its literature, he cannot be away from affection by including around of literature because the literature is the mirror that reflects aspects of the environment. In other words, literature is expression of aspects of the life inside the writer and influential circumstances and the English pundit Taine (1828-1893) directed to remove individualism in literature and stated that its causes is sex, environment and epoch. Through our study to literature of Iraqi cities in nineteenth century we found that the literature was affected by the nature of life and the type of the environment in these cities and we found that each city was distinguished by a type of literature or by type of poetry differs from that on another city according to its political, social and cultural circumstances. To clarify, we find the political literature and its size particularly in Baghdad more than in the other Iraqi cities that well known by poetry and its abundance and maturity the cities are Najaf, Hila and Mosel because these cities was the main source of Iraqi poetry innineteenth century.
The Al-Shishtary is considered one of the well-known Andalus poets. His poetry represents a flood of kind emotions, springs from the sincere sources of Divine Love, and this is what we felt in his life and his literary prestige. He was a poet who was familiar withthe art of his timeknowsthe oldand popularintellectual assets ofIslamicSciencesof Sharee'a. This wide culture, which he had, is available to him through his many travels between the coasts of Syria, Egypt and others ... to become Imam of the religion way known as(Al-Shishtariyah)resonatedin the hearts ofthe general publicespecially the poor people. This showshis smoothand influential styleand his humanitarian andsimple words which resonate in the hearts of his followers, therefo
... Show MoreSubject of research is the tolerance and the social fairness in the islamic civilization forthe imams of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), one of the places value and wide in the dimensions of intellectual and practical, the principle of equality and tolerance with people is an integral part of ethics required in the social and economic relations, politics and all walks of life systems the general components of the Islamic civilization. Which witnessed in the proposals and applications imams of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) this impotance and reasons were behind my choice for this subject grabbed in my research: equality and religious tolerance with the people of disclosure, and reviewed the tolerance of the faithful Ali bin Abi Talib
... Show MoreThe research tackles the monetary policy of the Abassynian state in Baghdad – the center of the Abassynian caliphate in her last days. This age lasts for morethan eight decades . success – sively four caliphates ruled throuyhout these decades. First. ALNaser Ledeen Alah. AL- Daher Be Amer Alah, AL- mustanser Be-Alah then ALmustausem Be-Alah. This caliphate witnessed a sense of release from the boundage of the Salju guian supremqcy which resulted in an interest in coinage of money (Dinarsamd derhem) and engraving it usiny new forms and new weight that reflects the states monetary independence and national sovereignity being an essencial means for treating in the ex– change of trading between people. Caliphat e also made sure of prot
... Show MoreThe current study aims at specifying the required teaching skills to teach history in the intermediate stage according to the point of view of history teachers . The Study is applied in Iraq , Baghdad on the schools of the First and Second Rusaffa directory for the academic year of 2008– 2009 . The researcher prepared a tool of study as a questionnaire of 30 items with three options . They are distributed to six fields . The researcher checked the tool's validity by consulting experts in the field of history and educational an psychological sciences .and the factor of validity of the tool of study is derived through depending on initial test of samples of the society of research which is of 30 male and female teachers . The ratio of th
... Show MoreThis study aimed to identify the levels of management training in academic leaders in Jordanian universities in the north of the region and their point of view, and that by answering the following questions: 1. What levels of management training estimated by academic leaders in Jordanian universities in the territory of the North?
arithmetical averages of estimates leaders academics in the territory north of the levels of management training is due to the variables of sex, job title, and the university, the type of university, academic rank, experience, and the number of courses administrative related training , and the state that got them on the last qualification? 3. What are the obstacles faced by academic leaders in the train
Talking about Turkey joining the European Union does not mean a few conditions implemented by Turkey Vtostagib Europe torequest or do not respond, it is a further and much deeper than that, The issue is of historic proportions, cultural, and political develop a European identity itself to the test, and determine the future of the continent and the entire region for generations to come, and has repercussions economic, social and cultural scene to lend further complexity, some of what is important and beneficial to both parties, some of which deepens the fears of both. Here we can point out the fear of invasion of Islam to Europe, which is a real fear belong to the type of phobia disease produced by the categories of right-wing Christian a
... Show MoreThe city of Baghdad have several large Meanders river the most important and distinctive meander is Jadiriyah meander. the nature and direction of creep river Tigris River in Baghdad Was to determine over the last century by matching maps of ancient and modern, note the increased inflections intensity and slowly in the first half of the last century because of the impact of repeated high discharge and get the process of erosion in the concave side and the process of sedimentation in the convex side . After the middle of the last century high discharges decrease due to the construction of dams and reservoirs and hence the lower activity of the river and stopped the river and meandering process confined within the borders of the river
... Show MoreVictorian age is known as a time of perpetual change. It is a time of new industrialization, increased urbanization and new technology. Therefore, one of the strongest undercurrents of this is the position of women. Woman at that time was viewed as “an angel in the house” especially this who belongs to the upper-middle class. She is described in such term because she spends much time in her domestic domain. Therefore, she should be passive, obedient and dependent. Despite the Victorian society contains several classes; women are defined under two labels: the angel and the demon or the whore. The angel woman can be any woman from the lower middle class to the aristocracy, while the whore refers to any working class woman. The differen
... Show MoreThe principle of total quality not the result of the modern era, but has its roots entrenched in the foot, the king announced the Babylonian (Hammurabi) before five thousand years: The person who builds a house fall to the occupants, Fiktlhm; the sentence penalty, from here, established Babylonian civilization oldest concerns quality and perfection in the work, although the roots of quality stretch in the ancient Pharaonic civilization represented by the pyramids and temples, and in the Chinese civilization in the Great Wall of China. The concept of quality is present in all the teachings of Islam Bamadaminh all, which represents the value of an Islamic urged the Qur'an to the total quality in all the work which is supposed to be perform
... Show MorePredictability of School Environment in the tendency to aggressive behavior among high primary school students. This study aimed at exploring the Family and school environment predictability of the tendency to aggressive behavior among high primary school students in Irbid Second Directorate of Education. The study sample consisted of 784 male and female students in the high-primary schools of Irbid Second Directorate of Education, chosen as on random cluster sampling method. Three aspects of school environment had the predictability of the tendency to aggressive behavior. The academic orientation of students explained 9.9% of the total variation in the dependant variable while the relationships between peers explained 1.6% and the teach
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