The nation-building process in fragile states is complex, often involving multifaceted challenges and opportunities. A pertinent example is Iraq post-2003, which serves as a model to study the intricacies of rebuilding a nation in the aftermath of conflict. During this period, we witnessed a significant international intervention aimed at establishing democratic governance, fostering economic development, and restoring social stability. Iraq’s nation-building journey showcases both successes and shortcomings. Establishing a representative government marked a step towards inclusivity and political participation, yet sectarian tensions persisted, hindering cohesive national identity. Economic initiatives aimed to harness Iraq's oil resou

This study was conducted for the purpose of exploring the relationship between positive thinking and academic achievement in art history. And it relates to the student’s personality, intelligence, abilities and economic and social level. The sample of the study consisted of (40) male and female students from the first stage students - Department of Art Education in the Faculty of Fine Arts / Morning Study, A positive thinking questionnaire was applied to them, and the study found that there is no positive relationship between positive thinking and academic achievement in art history.   

The industries in Baghdad, the most important economic activities in the era albeit and Seljuk to the availability of manpower and resources which encourage the establishment of these industries in Baghdad.

These industries seam as simple crafts, but they may have influenced the nature of the social and economic life in the Baghdadi community during the foreign authority on Iraq and general in Baghdad in particular.

The novel has recently received great attention from readers and before them writers, due to the role it is playing, and this indicates an important rule, which is whenever there is art or creativity, there must be a criticism of its own, and this criticism is certainly no less important than its owner, so we find There are critics who have their distinguished literary position in following up the narrative development, and trying to describe the transformation of its elements, including Professor Fadel Thamer, and whoever wants to approach an element of the novel as an explorer, he must stand on the visions of this critic about it, and this is what made us take the element (personality) Tracking the most important opinions of the critic

قام هذا البحث بتسليط الضوء على التمييز الإيجابي للمرأة بين الاتفاقيات الدولية والتشريعات العراقية، وهو مجموعة من الإجراءات والتدابير التي تتبناها الدول لتعويض الفئات التي تعرضت للتمييز لفترات طويلة، مما ألحق بها الضرر. وقد مُورس التمييز ضد المرأة في العديد من جوانب حياتها، مما دفع المجتمع الدولي إلى تبني وسائل مختلفة لتخفيف معاناتها. ومن بين هذه الوسائل، جاءت “تقنية التمييز الإيجابي” لتحقيق مبدأ تكافؤ ال

يتناول هذا البحث اساسيات التعامل بين الرسول الأعظم r وبين المخالفين له في المعتقد، وضرورة التسامح الديني الذي أقره الاسلام وطبقه الرسول الكريم r في حياته، وعلمه لأصحابه الكرام t، وأصناف الناس الذين تعايش معهم الرسول r مدة سيرته العطرة، لاسيما الكفار وأهل الكتاب والمنافقين، مستندا إلى كتب التفسير والحديث النبوي الشريف، وقد جعل الباحث لكل منهم مبحثا مستقلا ، ثم انتهى إلى الخاتمة وأهم التوصيات .

Wielands Hauptwerk die Geschichte des Agathon (1766/73,1794) ist

der wichtigste Roman der Aufklärungsepoche (1720-1785). Die Verlegung der

Handlung in die Antike widerspiegelt die kulturelle Blüte der vorbildhaften Zeit

zwischen 5. und 4. Jhd. v. Chr.

Beim Lesen des Romans findet man unzählige (über 70) Namen aus der

Antike; von Herrschern, Strategen, Philosophen, Dichtern, Künstlern . . . etc,

woüber man unbedingt informiert werden muss, um deren Zusammenhang in der

Geschichte zu verstehen. Vorübergehend erwähnte Personennamen gibt Wieland

meistens als Beispiel für eine Situation oder ein Verhalten. Dies gab mir den

Anstoß, die wichtigsten Figuren

God Almighty sent down the Noble Qur’an to guide people in all areas of their lives, including the field of functional business.

Among the imams who honor the soil of Iraq by embracing their remains is Imam Al-Qasim Ibn al-Imam Musa Ibn Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn al-Hussein ibn Ali ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib, Amir of the believers Al-Kadhim (may peace be upon him ), the mother of the sons and the mother of his brother Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Rida (may peace be upon him), buried in the Holy QOM (1)It is one of the doors of need for Shiite Muslims All the stories of imams are similar in terms of injustice

Water pollution is an issue that can be exacerbated by drought as increased concentrations of unwanted substances are a consequence of lower water levels. Polluted water that flows into natural marshlands leads to the deposition of pollutants in the interior of the marsh. Here we present evidence that the interior of the Central Marsh (CM) in southern Iraq suffers from higher levels of pollution than areas closer to the source of water entering the marsh (the Euphrates River). A 1.7m embankment that halts the flow of the Euphrates is only infrequently breached and so the CM is effectively the terminal destination of the waters (and their associated pollutants and agricultural waste) flowing from the West of Iraq.

A range of water